JPS61149498A - Wear resistant sliding member - Google Patents

Wear resistant sliding member

Info

Publication number
JPS61149498A
JPS61149498A JP27073684A JP27073684A JPS61149498A JP S61149498 A JPS61149498 A JP S61149498A JP 27073684 A JP27073684 A JP 27073684A JP 27073684 A JP27073684 A JP 27073684A JP S61149498 A JPS61149498 A JP S61149498A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sliding
plating
wear
sliding member
test
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP27073684A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6316478B2 (en
Inventor
Manabu Shinada
品田 学
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Riken Corp
Original Assignee
Riken Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Riken Corp filed Critical Riken Corp
Priority to JP27073684A priority Critical patent/JPS61149498A/en
Priority to US06/812,124 priority patent/US4681817A/en
Priority to DE19853545826 priority patent/DE3545826A1/en
Publication of JPS61149498A publication Critical patent/JPS61149498A/en
Publication of JPS6316478B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6316478B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/26Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0068Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only nitrides

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the wear, seizing and corrosion resistances of the surface of a metallic sliding member by forming an Ni-P-Co alloy layer contg. a specified percentage of dispersed hard particles on the surface of the member. CONSTITUTION:An Ni layer is formed by striking on the surface of a sliding member sliding at a high speed such as a piston ring, and an Ni-P-Co alloy layer contg. 5-30vol% dispersed particles of a hard material such as SiC having 0.5-10mum particle size is formed by plating on the Ni layer to 120mum thickness. The Ni-P-Co alloy consists of 50-88wt% Ni, 2-15wt% P and 10-40wt% Co. The resulting layers are hardened by heating at 200-400 deg.C to form a sliding surface having superior wear, seizing and corrosion resistances.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

イ0発明の技術分野 本発明は硬質粒子分散ニッケルー燐−コバルトめっき層
を有する耐摩耗性摺動部材に関する。 口、従来技術と問題点 例えば、高速で摺動するピストンリングは耐摩耗性を高
めるため硬質クロムめっきを施したものが広く使用され
ているが、このめっきは、処理にかなりの長時間を要す
る上に、めっきの廃液による公害発生防止対策に多額の
費用を要し、めっきのコストが高くなるなどのほかに、
高鉛ガソリンを燃料とするエンジンや、高負荷のエンジ
ンに使用した場合耐摩耗性、耐焼付性、耐蝕性などに問
題があった。 上記問題点を解決するため、例えばニッケルー燐などの
合金マトリクス中に窒化物、炭化物、酸化物などの硬質
粒子を分散させる複合めっき方法が注目されている。こ
れは、複合めっき又は分散めっきと呼ばれていて1分散
される粒子の種類、大きさ、分散量を適当に選ぶことに
よって耐摩耗性、耐焼付性、耐蝕性に優れた皮膜を形成
することができ、既にシリンダや、ピストンリングのよ
うな摺動部材などに使用され始めている。しかし高速運
転のエンジンに使用した場合熱負荷の影響などにより皮
膜がもろくなりやすい欠点があった。 ハ0発明の目的 本発明は従来の複合めっきの問題点を解消し。 耐摩耗性、耐焼付性、耐蝕性に優れた皮膜層を摺動面に
有する摺動部材を提供するものである。 ニ0発明の構成 第1図に示す金属製摺動部品(1)の摺動面に複合めっ
き層を形成した摺動部材で、該複合めっき層がコバルト
10〜40重量%、燐2〜15重量%、ニッケル50〜
88重量%の合金基地(3)中に硬質粒子を5〜30容
量%分散させた摺動部材 ホ0作用効果 合金基地中に含まれる燐は熱硬化処理を行うと硬度が増
し、耐摩耗性、耐蝕性に優れた効果がある。燐の量は2
〜15重量%が良い。燐の量が2%以下ではその効果は
少なく、15%を越すとかえって皮膜は脆くなり、衝撃
強度、密着性も悪くなる。 合金基地中にコバルトを添加することにより耐焼付性、
耐蝕性が優れ、また圧壊疲労強度も増す。 コバルトの量は10〜40重量%が良い、その量が10
重量%より少ないと効果は少なく、また40重量%を越
えてもその効果に著しい変化は無く。 経済的ではない。 合金基地中に分散される硬質粒子の粒径は0゜5〜10
μm、その量は5〜b 硬質粒子の粒径が0.5μm以下、或いは5容量%以下
では耐摩耗性としての効果は少ない。また10μm、或
いは30容量%を越えると、皮膜の強度はかえって低下
し、更に相手材の摩耗を大きくすることになる。 へ1発明の実施例 ピストンリング用鋼材である先端端面が5閣×5W11
の鋼製試験片に、まず第一工程として摺動面に通例のニ
ッケルストライクめっき方法で厚さ5μのニッケルめっ
きを形成しておき1次に第二工程として電気めっき法に
より表1の条件で厚さ120μ!nの窒化珪素分散ニッ
ケルー燐−コバルトめっき層を形成させた。またこれと
は別に電気めっき法と同じ材質の試験片に無電解めっき
法により表1の条件で厚さ100μmの窒化珪素分散ニ
ッケルー燐−コバルトめっき層を形成させた。無電解ニ
ッケルめっきは、めっき層の密着性が良好なのでニッケ
ルストライクめっきは省略することができる。 第三工程として前記各方法で得た各試験片を370℃で
1時間加熱硬化処理をした。この種のニッケルーコバル
ト−燐合金めっき層には通常加熱硬化処理が施されるが
、この加熱温度は200〜450℃が一般に採用されて
いる。 マイクロビッカース硬度計で測定した結果と、めっき層
組成を表2にしめす。
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wear-resistant sliding member having a nickel-phosphorus-cobalt plating layer in which hard particles are dispersed. Conventional technology and problems For example, piston rings that slide at high speed are widely used with hard chrome plating to increase wear resistance, but this plating requires a considerable amount of time to process. On top of that, a large amount of money is required to prevent pollution caused by waste liquid from plating, which increases the cost of plating.
When used in engines using high-lead gasoline as fuel or engines with high loads, there were problems with wear resistance, seizure resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. In order to solve the above problems, a composite plating method in which hard particles such as nitrides, carbides, and oxides are dispersed in an alloy matrix such as nickel-phosphorus has attracted attention. This is called composite plating or dispersion plating, and it involves forming a film with excellent wear resistance, seizure resistance, and corrosion resistance by appropriately selecting the type, size, and amount of dispersed particles. It has already begun to be used in cylinders and sliding parts such as piston rings. However, when used in high-speed engines, the film tends to become brittle due to the effects of heat load. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the problems of conventional composite plating. The present invention provides a sliding member having a coating layer on its sliding surface with excellent wear resistance, seizure resistance, and corrosion resistance. D0 Structure of the Invention A sliding member in which a composite plating layer is formed on the sliding surface of the metal sliding component (1) shown in FIG. Weight%, nickel 50~
Sliding member with 5 to 30% by volume of hard particles dispersed in 88% by weight alloy matrix (3) 0 Effects The phosphorus contained in the alloy matrix increases in hardness and wear resistance when subjected to thermosetting treatment. , has excellent corrosion resistance. The amount of phosphorus is 2
~15% by weight is good. If the amount of phosphorus is less than 2%, the effect will be small, and if it exceeds 15%, the film will become brittle and its impact strength and adhesion will deteriorate. Seizure resistance is improved by adding cobalt to the alloy base.
Excellent corrosion resistance and increased crush fatigue strength. The amount of cobalt is preferably 10 to 40% by weight, and the amount is 10% by weight.
If it is less than 40% by weight, the effect will be small, and if it exceeds 40% by weight, there will be no significant change in the effect. It's not economical. The particle size of the hard particles dispersed in the alloy matrix is 0°5~10
μm, and the amount thereof is 5 to b.If the particle size of the hard particles is less than 0.5 μm or less than 5% by volume, the effect of wear resistance is small. Moreover, if the thickness exceeds 10 μm or 30% by volume, the strength of the film will actually decrease and the wear of the mating material will increase. 1 Example of the invention The tip end surface of the steel material for piston rings is 5×5W11
As a first step, a nickel plating with a thickness of 5 μm was formed on the sliding surface of a steel specimen using the usual nickel strike plating method, and then as a second step, electroplating was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1. Thickness 120μ! A silicon nitride dispersed nickel-phosphorus-cobalt plating layer of n was formed. Separately, a silicon nitride dispersed nickel-phosphorus-cobalt plating layer with a thickness of 100 μm was formed on a test piece made of the same material as the electroplating method using the electroless plating method under the conditions shown in Table 1. With electroless nickel plating, the adhesion of the plating layer is good, so nickel strike plating can be omitted. As a third step, each test piece obtained by each of the above methods was heat-cured at 370° C. for 1 hour. This type of nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating layer is usually subjected to heat hardening treatment, and the heating temperature generally employed is 200 to 450°C. Table 2 shows the results measured with a micro-Vickers hardness meter and the composition of the plating layer.

【表1】[Table 1]

【表2】 次に本発明に係る摺動面の耐摩耗試験および焼付試験に
ついて説明する。試験は第3図および第4図に示すライ
ダ一方式摩耗試験機によって行った6その概要はステー
タホルダ1にシリンダー材などとして使用される鋳鉄材
Fe12製で摺動面2がホーニング仕上げされた円板3
が取外し可能に取り付けられており、その中央には裏側
から注油孔4を通して潤滑油が注油されるようにしてあ
り、図示しない油圧装置によってステータホルダ1には
図において右方へ向けて所定圧力で押圧力がかかるよう
にしである0円板3に対向してロータ5上に取付けられ
た試験片保持具6の回転軸と同心の円周上に等間隔に刻
設された4個の取付孔にそれぞれ試験片7が取付けられ
、それぞれ所定の表面処理が施された試験片の5X5m
角の先端端面が円板3の摺動面2に接触し、図示しない
駆動装置によって所定速度で回転する。試験はステータ
側の注油孔4から一定油温の潤滑油を摺動面に供給しな
がら行なう。 摩耗試験は一定の押圧力の下でロータ5を回転させ、試
験片7が所定の摺動距離だけ円板3上を摺動したときの
試験片7とステータ円板3の摩耗量によって耐摩耗性を
評価する。 またロータ5を回転させると試験片7と円板3との摩擦
によってステータホルダ1には図示のようにトルクFを
生ずるので、このトルクFをスピンドル8を介してロー
ドセル9に作用させ、押圧力の変化によるトルクFの変
化を動歪計10で読みトルクFが急激に上昇したときに
焼付けが生じたとして、そのときの押圧力をもって耐焼
付は性を評価する。 試験片7には、前記実施例で得られた試験片の他に比較
のため一般に耐摩耗性表面処理に用いられる硬質クロム
めっき、耐摩耗性耐スカツフ性に優れているモリブデン
溶射、およびコバルトを含まない窒化珪素分散ニッケル
ー燐めつきについても同様の試験を行った。 a)摩耗試験 潤滑油として加鉛ガソリンを燃料とする実機テストに使
用後のエンジンオイルSAE  No30にダスト(J
IS2種)を0.2g/l添加した温度80℃の油を用
いて、注油孔4から供給し、ステータホルダ1にはロー
タ側に向けて油圧100Kg/as”の押圧力を加えな
がら、試験片7の摩擦速度を3〜5m/secとし、摺
動距離が100に■となるまでロータ5を回転させた。 試験結果を次の表3に示す。
[Table 2] Next, the wear resistance test and seizure test of the sliding surface according to the present invention will be explained. The test was conducted using a lidar one-type wear tester shown in Figs. 3 and 46.The outline of the test is as follows: The stator holder 1 is made of cast iron Fe12, which is used as a cylinder material, etc., and the sliding surface 2 is a circle with a honed finish. Board 3
is removably attached to the stator holder 1, and lubricating oil is supplied to the center from the back side through an oil fill hole 4, and a predetermined pressure is applied to the stator holder 1 toward the right in the figure by a hydraulic device (not shown). Four mounting holes are equally spaced on the circumference of the test specimen holder 6, which is mounted on the rotor 5 facing the zero disc 3 so that a pressing force is applied. The test piece 7 is attached to each of the 5 x 5 m
The tip end face of the corner contacts the sliding surface 2 of the disc 3, and is rotated at a predetermined speed by a drive device (not shown). The test is conducted while lubricating oil at a constant temperature is supplied to the sliding surface from the oiling hole 4 on the stator side. In the wear test, the rotor 5 is rotated under a constant pressing force, and the wear resistance is measured by the amount of wear of the test piece 7 and the stator disk 3 when the test piece 7 slides on the disk 3 by a predetermined sliding distance. Assess gender. Furthermore, when the rotor 5 is rotated, a torque F is generated in the stator holder 1 as shown in the figure due to the friction between the test piece 7 and the disk 3, so this torque F is applied to the load cell 9 via the spindle 8, and the pressing force is The change in the torque F due to the change in is read by the dynamic strain meter 10, and it is assumed that seizure occurs when the torque F suddenly increases, and the seizure resistance is evaluated based on the pressing force at that time. In addition to the test piece obtained in the above example, test piece 7 was coated with hard chrome plating, which is generally used for wear-resistant surface treatment, molybdenum spraying, which has excellent wear resistance and scuff resistance, and cobalt. Similar tests were conducted on silicon nitride-dispersed nickel-phosphorus plating without silicon nitride. a) Dust (J
Using oil at a temperature of 80°C to which 0.2 g/l of IS2 type was added, it was supplied from the oil hole 4, and the test was carried out while applying a hydraulic pressure of 100 kg/as'' to the stator holder 1 toward the rotor side. The friction speed of the piece 7 was set to 3 to 5 m/sec, and the rotor 5 was rotated until the sliding distance became 100%.The test results are shown in Table 3 below.

【表3】 b)焼付試験 潤滑油は摩耗試験のものと同じものを使用し、ステータ
ホルダ1にはロータ側に向けてまず油圧40 Kg/ 
ai”の押圧力を加え、摩擦速度8m/seCでロータ
5を3分間回転させ、次に押圧力を50Kg/m”とし
て3分間回転させ、このようにして順次押圧力を10K
g/am”づつ段階的に増加して各々3分間保持し、ロ
ードセル9を介して動歪計10でトルクFの変化を記録
し、急激にトルクの増加したときの押圧力から接触面圧
を求めて焼付発生面圧とした。 試験結果を次の表4に示す。
[Table 3] b) Seizure test The same lubricant as that used in the wear test was used, and the stator holder 1 was first filled with a hydraulic pressure of 40 kg/kg towards the rotor side.
The rotor 5 was rotated for 3 minutes at a friction speed of 8 m/sec by applying a pressing force of 50 Kg/m'', and then rotated for 3 minutes at a pressing force of 50 Kg/m.
The change in torque F is recorded by the dynamic strain meter 10 via the load cell 9, and the contact surface pressure is calculated from the pressing force when the torque suddenly increases. The test results are shown in Table 4 below.

【表4】 実機試験 次に呼び径X巾×厚さが、86 X 1.5 X 3.
3mm#ll製第−圧カリングに本発明複合めっきを施
し、ボア径86mm、4気筒の水冷エンジンに組みつけ
て、高鉛ガソリンを燃料とし6200rpm100時間
の高速耐久試験を行い、ピストンリング摺動面および鋳
鉄(Fe12)製シリンダライナ内周面の摩耗を測定し
た。このピストンリングの複合めっき層組成はコバルト
25重量%、燐7゜5重量%、窒化珪素の平均粒径0.
8μm20容量%で残りニッケルのものを使用した。 試験結果を第2図に示す、尚、比較例として前記ライダ
ー摩耗試験機で使用したものと同様の方法で得た硬質ク
ロムめっき、モリブデン溶射およびコバルトを含まない
窒化珪素分散ニッケルー燐めつきについても試験を行っ
た。 表31表4および第2図より本発明のニッケルーコバル
ト−燐複合めっき層は従来のめっき層に比べて、耐摩耗
性、焼付性が優れていることがわかる。また、相手材を
摩耗させることも少なくピストンリングなどの摺動部材
として好適な表面処理層である。
[Table 4] Actual machine test Next, the nominal diameter x width x thickness was 86 x 1.5 x 3.
Composite plating of the present invention was applied to a 3mm #ll No. And wear of the inner peripheral surface of a cast iron (Fe12) cylinder liner was measured. The composition of the composite plating layer of this piston ring is 25% by weight of cobalt, 7.5% by weight of phosphorus, and 0.5% by weight of silicon nitride.
8 μm, 20% by volume, and the remaining nickel was used. The test results are shown in Figure 2. As comparative examples, hard chromium plating, molybdenum spraying, and cobalt-free silicon nitride dispersed nickel-phosphorus plating obtained using the same method as that used in the lidar wear tester were also used. The test was conducted. It can be seen from Table 31 and Table 4 and FIG. 2 that the nickel-cobalt-phosphorus composite plating layer of the present invention has superior wear resistance and seizure resistance compared to conventional plating layers. Moreover, the surface treatment layer is suitable for sliding members such as piston rings because it does not cause abrasion of the mating material.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は、電気めっき法により得られた本発明のピスト
ンリングめっき層断面同 第2図は、実機試験の摩耗結果を示す同第3図、第4図
は、摩耗試験機で 図中1は、ステータホルダ 2は、摺動面 3は、円板 4は、注油孔 5は、ロータ 6は、試験片保持具 7は、試験片 8は、スピンドル 9は、ロードセル 10は、動歪計
Figure 1 shows a cross section of the piston ring plating layer of the present invention obtained by electroplating. Figure 2 shows the wear results of an actual test. stator holder 2, sliding surface 3, disk 4, oiling hole 5, rotor 6, test piece holder 7, test piece 8, spindle 9, load cell 10, dynamic strain meter

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 金属製摺動部品の摺動面に複合めっき層を形成した摺動
部材であって、該複合めっき層がコバルト10〜40重
量%、燐2〜15重量%、ニッケル50〜88重量%の
合金基地中に硬質粒子を5〜30容量%分散させた摺動
部材
A sliding member in which a composite plating layer is formed on the sliding surface of a metal sliding component, the composite plating layer being an alloy containing 10 to 40% by weight of cobalt, 2 to 15% by weight of phosphorus, and 50 to 88% by weight of nickel. Sliding member with 5-30% by volume of hard particles dispersed in the base
JP27073684A 1984-12-24 1984-12-24 Wear resistant sliding member Granted JPS61149498A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27073684A JPS61149498A (en) 1984-12-24 1984-12-24 Wear resistant sliding member
US06/812,124 US4681817A (en) 1984-12-24 1985-12-23 Piston ring
DE19853545826 DE3545826A1 (en) 1984-12-24 1985-12-23 PISTON RING

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27073684A JPS61149498A (en) 1984-12-24 1984-12-24 Wear resistant sliding member

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61149498A true JPS61149498A (en) 1986-07-08
JPS6316478B2 JPS6316478B2 (en) 1988-04-08

Family

ID=17490248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP27073684A Granted JPS61149498A (en) 1984-12-24 1984-12-24 Wear resistant sliding member

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61149498A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63297870A (en) * 1987-05-29 1988-12-05 Riken Corp Piston ring
JPS6436797A (en) * 1987-07-01 1989-02-07 Snecma Method for protecting alloyed steel or nickel base superalloy from corrosion and protective film obtained as result
WO1990002220A1 (en) * 1988-08-25 1990-03-08 Werner Flühmann Ag Composition for a wear-resistant coating with low coefficient of friction and manufactured article with said coating
JPH02150574A (en) * 1988-11-30 1990-06-08 Riken Corp Piston ring

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS496019A (en) * 1972-04-21 1974-01-19
JPS5060436A (en) * 1973-09-26 1975-05-24

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS496019A (en) * 1972-04-21 1974-01-19
JPS5060436A (en) * 1973-09-26 1975-05-24

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63297870A (en) * 1987-05-29 1988-12-05 Riken Corp Piston ring
JPS6436797A (en) * 1987-07-01 1989-02-07 Snecma Method for protecting alloyed steel or nickel base superalloy from corrosion and protective film obtained as result
WO1990002220A1 (en) * 1988-08-25 1990-03-08 Werner Flühmann Ag Composition for a wear-resistant coating with low coefficient of friction and manufactured article with said coating
JPH02150574A (en) * 1988-11-30 1990-06-08 Riken Corp Piston ring

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