JPS61148400A - Radioactive waste incinerating melting solidifying device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] (Field of industrial application) This invention is an incineration method for incinerating radioactive waste generated from facilities that handle radioactive materials, such as nuclear power plants. This relates to an apparatus for melting and solidifying.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, waste generated from facilities that handle radioactive materials contains radioactive materials (2), so they are incinerated, or after volume reduction treatment, they are stored in drums, packages, etc. There was an extremely large amount of things that had to be stored and put away.

However, since storage capacity has its own limit, efforts have been made to reduce the volume of waste and, more importantly, to make final disposal of waste into a safe and stable form.

Various techniques such as compression, solidification such as cement solidification, incineration, and melting and solidification have been researched and developed as methods for reducing the volume of radioactive waste. In principle, by heating the waste, combustible or non-combustible waste can be incinerated.
It is known that melting and solidifying these incineration ash or other non-combustible wastes has a high volume reduction effect, and that the wastes can be made into stable inorganic solids.

The above method is called incineration melting and solidification treatment9.More specifically, radioactive waste is heated to a molten state in a 7Jn heat chamber7, and this molten material is placed in a container, mold, or in an aqueous phase. This is a method of cooling and solidifying the material.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, the above method had the following problems: 1. The above series of steps must be completed in an airtight processing device. Things.

That is, the above-mentioned incineration melting and solidification treatment is more effective than other treatment methods.
Since the process is carried out at high temperatures, it is inevitable that the radionuclides contained in the waste will migrate into the waste in the form of vapor or fumes, and to prevent this, it is necessary to make the processing equipment airtight. It is essential.

11. It is necessary to completely reliably take out the bath materials from the heating chamber in the processing equipment and cool and solidify them.

Particularly, partial solidification of the melt must not cause a situation in which the outlet of the heating chamber is blocked by unmelted waste.

iii C'T flammable or non-combustible waste must be completely combusted.

1. It was not possible to handle a variety of wastes because pretreatment and component adjustment were required for the materials to be treated.

Among the conventionally known processing apparatuses, there are the following methods: (a) heating the waste (hereinafter referred to as the object to be processed) placed in a container or mold; A method in which it is melted, then cooled and solidified.

(b) A method in which the surface layer of the object to be processed is heated and melted, and the molten material is allowed to fall under its own weight and taken out from the bottom of the heating chamber, where it is cooled and solidified.

(c) A method in which the object to be processed is thermally melted in a heating chamber 710, and then a hole is made in a part of the wall of the heating chamber, and the molten material is taken out from there, cooled, and solidified.

2) A method in which the material to be processed is heated in a heating chamber, melted, and the molten material is taken out from an overflow port provided on the wall of the heating chamber, cooled, and solidified.

(e) After heating and melting the material to be treated in an open-top heat chamber without a lid, the heating chamber is tilted to completely destroy the molten material inside 7, and then cooled and solidified. Each had the following drawbacks. In other words, in (a) there is no need to move the molten material, so it is easy to make the device airtight and processing is reliable, but if the container or mold is
1111 Because it receives high heat directly from a heat source or molten material,
The container is not easily heat-resistant and insulated, and it is difficult to provide sufficient ventilation to the material to be processed, making it unsuitable for processing nonflammable waste.

(b) is a method that does not create a pool of molten material;
It tends to cause insufficient melting of objects, and is not suitable for processing high melting point objects or for large-scale melting.

(/→ means that it is difficult to make the heating chamber airtight, and the holes are likely to become clogged. Also, when hot water is tapped, hot molten steel is handled, which is highly dangerous, and remote control is difficult.

) tends to cause the overflow hole to close, and also ensures that the melt is
In order to take out the material at dawn, it is necessary to carefully control the input speed threshold of the material to be processed, the properties of the molten material, etc.

(e) The melt can be taken out reliably, but it is important to make it airtight when tapping.

This invention can eliminate the defects on the ridges and is also suitable for the treatment of combustible and flame-retardant radioactive waste (2. The molten material can be reliably taken out from the heating chamber into a container, cooled 1. Solidified, The object of the present invention is to provide a radioactive waste incineration melting and solidifying apparatus that can complete the above series of steps while maintaining airtightness.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The radioactive waste incineration melting and solidifying apparatus according to the present invention has a hollow furnace body, and a part of the furnace body includes a material that has been incinerated and melted within the furnace body. A built-in receiver that can accept calls can be freely released (
7. A receiver holder having a jacket part 7 is removably provided, and the radioactive waste thrown into the furnace body can be heated to a high temperature in a sealed state by a burner 17, The furnace body can be rotated in both forward and reverse directions, and the inside of the furnace body can be rotated in a direction that allows the molten material to flow out toward the receiver.

(One Embodiment) The configuration of the radioactive waste incineration melting and solidification apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail based on an embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. As shown in FIG. The furnace body is a cylindrical metal furnace shell! The inner wall of the furnace body is covered with a heat insulating beam 3, and the inner wall is further covered with a refractory material, so that the furnace body can be forcedly cooled by air cooling or water cooling as necessary, and the side wall of the furnace body in the generatrix direction is As shown in the figure, a tap hole J is provided in the tangential force direction 0-0 of the inner wall of the furnace with a circular cross section, and the opening of the tap rotor has a built-in melt receiver B, such as a drum. , the outer periphery can hold air or water m4 / A removable receiver holder formed in the jacket part 7 is provided, and one end has a lid (
(See Figures 1 and 3), and a flue is provided at the other end, and the furnace body is installed in the machine 2 with its longitudinal direction horizontal or slightly inclined. Two roller trucks/3. /3 (See Fig. 1) A gear sector 73' mounted rotatably on the furnace body and provided on the outer periphery of the furnace body is rotated by a forward and reverse bidirectional motor installed separately on the machine. The nozzle 17 of the burner 17 is placed in a position approximately diametrically opposite to the outlet j in the direction of the generatrix of the furnace body, as shown in FIG. Note that the flue shall be connected to exhaust gas treatment equipment (not shown) so that radioactive materials, dust, etc. can be completely removed. It is preferable that metal containers such as drums be lined with a monolithic refractory material such as concrete.This will prevent damage from high-temperature molten materials and shield radiation.

Since this embodiment has a structure similar to the one above, waste generated from facilities that handle radioactive materials is normally sorted as follows. Namely, combustible waste - typified by paper, rags, wood, etc., which can be relatively easily incinerated in a normal incinerator.

0＠Flammable waste - Rubber, plastics, and resins, which generate a large amount of soot or harmful gas when burned, or are softened by W at a temperature lower than the combustion temperature. Therefore, it is difficult to incinerate in normal incinerators.

0 Non-combustible waste - non-responsive materials such as glass, concrete, and incinerated ash emitted from combustible waste incineration facilities, which are currently operated by many nuclear power generation facilities. waste, and various types of metal waste.

0 Miscellaneous Equipment Melt these in the furnace! Now, as shown in Fig. 5 (1), first start the reversible motor /l/L in one direction until the sprue j faces vertically.
The furnace body is rotated and stopped through the gear sector 73', and then the receiver holder K, which has a built-in receiver holder like a drum can, is rotated and stopped.
is attached to the opening of the tap j. Next, reverse the reversible motor/≠, tilt the tap hole as shown in Figure 5 (''=ii, ) to prevent the contents of the furnace from flowing out, and then The lid is removed, the various wastes mentioned above are put into the furnace body, the lid is closed, and the burner 17 is ignited to heat the waste for 710 minutes.

Due to this heating, the temperature inside the furnace increases.(1) Combustible and non-combustible wastes are incinerated and turned into ashes. At this time, Figure 5 (11D
As shown by the arrow Oxygen is distributed evenly, and exhaust gas, dust, harmful scum, and unresolved combustible scum generated as waste is burned are removed from the flue/
/ Before going back to the exhaust gas treatment equipment, it is brought into direct contact with the high-temperature flame from the burner 17 and shifted so that it burns sufficiently in the furnace.The combustion gas swirls inside the furnace and flows into the waste layer]Φ
As the wind improves, some of the generated dust is collected in the furnace, making it extremely effective for incinerating nonflammable waste that tends to generate dust and scum.

The incineration residue of combustible or flame-retardant waste and non-combustible waste are further heated by υ0 and melted (If 7, operate the reversible motor/≠, then 7! Figure Q'X/) Rotate the furnace body as shown in Figure 2, and introduce the molten material into the receiver through the tapping spout.

Note that tapping may be carried out after the waste is completely melted, or the furnace body may be gradually rotated while heating is continued [7 baths may be introduced into the 111-order receiver B]. Furthermore, even if waste materials with extremely high melting points such as metal pieces or gravel are not melted, they may be introduced into the receiver 6 together with the molten material, and when these unmelted materials are cooled, they may be introduced into the receiver 6. Enclosed in 1
5, so it does not affect the volume reduction property or the stability of the solidified product.

When the molten material is completely introduced into the container B, 71 [1] Stop the heat (7, while the receiver B is attached to the furnace body /, the molten material and the cooling a
Stir to solidify. (Refer to Figure 5 M) Once the molten material has solidified, the receiver A and the receiver A are shown in Figure Vp.
Remove the solidified material from the furnace body (12), and then take out the solidified material along with the receiver B from the receiver (7). Cover the receiver B and store it in a predetermined storage location.

Additionally, during the above operations, waste should be sorted as described above.
The materials may be heated and cooled for each sorted type, or may be mixed and heated and packed.

Further, in this embodiment, the opening and the wound are provided in one place, but they may be provided in several places, and a receiver B and a receiver B may be provided in each of them.

(Other Embodiments) Next, the configuration of another embodiment shown in FIG. 6 will be explained.
How many pairs of supports /2', /2' (7th
(see figure), the supporting stand/of the furnace body/which side frames/resistances are pivotally supported by shafts 20.20, and the furnace body/is rotatably mounted on the support stand/♂. Hold it with the provided supporting frames 2/, 2/,
A gear 2.2 provided on the outer periphery of the furnace body is meshed with a pinion 241 which can be rotated in four forward and reverse directions by a reversible motor 23 in which the support base is installed, and a single force of the furnace body is generated. Two furnace lids with a flue // are installed in the furnace, and a receiver is attached inside and a receptacle holder is attached to the other end, so that waste can be thrown in by removing the two furnace lids. (It's 7.

A gear 2j is fixed to the shaft 20 of the support stand 72', and a motor 2 that rotates in forward and reverse directions is provided in the support stand 72'.
It meshes with the gear 27 of the shaft 2 through the gear train 2g, and the furnace body can be rotated and tilted together with the support stand 2 by the motor 2.

Since this embodiment has the above-mentioned configuration, first, the reactor body is held horizontally, the reactor lid 2 is removed and placed, and the radioactive waste is placed in the inlet where the reactor lid is attached. Fill the furnace body/inside (7
, after reinstalling the furnace lid 2, ignite the burner 17,
The motor 23 is operated and the furnace body is rotated through the gear 21/l and the gear sector 22, and the waste is heated to a high temperature and melted (7). When the waste is incinerated or melted, the motor, 2 is operated so that the receiving socket is facing downward, and the gears, 27, gear train 2F, both sides 15- Rotate the axis λ0 of the side frame to tilt the support stand of the furnace body (7) to vertically hold the furnace body and introduce the molten material into the receiver of the receiver holder. 2. After cooling and solidifying, remove the receiver ♂ from the furnace body/U
7. Remove the container containing the solidified melt (7) Store it in an appropriate storage.

This embodiment can also be expected to have the same effect as the first embodiment.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and operation, it has the following remarkable effects. Namely, 1. The outlet is placed on the receiver B where the molten material is cooled and solidified! Since it is attached to the waste confectionery, the process from heating the waste confectionery to the solidification of the molten material can be done in an airtight manner.Therefore, the heating is carried out at high temperatures, and the radionuclides contained in the waste are vaporized or dusted. Even if the waste is transferred to the waste sludge from the cedar, it will not be released to the outside of the furnace because it is in a sealed state, except for the waste that escapes into the flue and is processed by the waste waste treatment device.

11 Since the outlet j for the molten material can be made sufficiently large, there is no problem of the outlet being blocked, and even if there is unmelted material in the molten material, it can be introduced into the receiver.

111 Since the furnace body can be rocked or rotated, the waste inside the furnace can not only be stirred and heated efficiently, but also
Since it allows good ventilation, it is possible to incinerate not only combustible waste but also non-combustible waste.

1v '1 Since the heating is done with a burner instead of air heating, the scale cannot sufficiently heat waste that contains various miscellaneous substances, and it is not suitable for heating waste that contains combustible gas, such as non-combustible waste.
Even if soot is generated, it can be burned well.

■　Installation of the nostle in the furnace for the burner.

By shifting the angle a little toward the middle or upper part of the furnace, the high-temperature combustion gas coming out of the nostle can be turned into a swirling flow inside the furnace, allowing the flame to reach the inside of the waste.
It is not a scale that can heat efficiently, but it uses a cyclone effect to collect some of the dust in the furnace waste and solidify it in the furnace.

vl Not only combustible and non-combustible waste, but also non-combustible waste can be input in bulk and indiscriminately [7] to solidify it.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view of the external appearance of one embodiment of the radioactive waste incineration melting and solidification apparatus according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 1-1 in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a furnace. A vertical sectional front view of the body, Figure ≠ is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in Figure 3,
Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating sequence of the device according to the present invention, Fig. 6 is a front view of the external appearance of another embodiment, and Fig. 7 is the left 1 page.
11 shows the front view, / indicates the furnace body, B indicates the receiver, 7 indicates the discolored part, ♂ indicates the receiver holder, and 17 indicates the container. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] A hollow furnace body 1 has a receptacle 6 built in a part of the furnace body 1 in a removable manner to receive the incinerated and melted material within the furnace body 1, and a receiver receiver 8 having a jacket portion 7. is provided in a removable manner, and the radioactive waste placed in the furnace body 1 can be heated to a high temperature by a burner 17 in a closed state, and the furnace body 1 can be rotated in both forward and reverse directions. An apparatus for incinerating and melting radioactive waste, characterized in that it can be tilted in a direction that allows the incineration and molten material in the furnace body 1 to flow out due to the force of the receiver 6.