JPS61147941A - Method and production for producing outer ring of universal joint - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve working efficiency by fitting the outer ring of a universal joint formed preliminarily and roughly with cross grooves on the inside circumferential surface to an inside die for slotting to form cross holes and holding and fixing the outer ring onto a supporting base ten pressing molding means into the cross holes. CONSTITUTION:The outer ring 2 of the universal joint formed with the cross grooves 1 having poor working accuracy on the inside circumferential surface is fitted to an inside die 4 for slotting held and fixed onto the supporting base 3. A ball-shaped molding means 5 is preliminarily disposed in the die 4. A master die 6 is then guided by guide means 7 and is pressed and fixed to the base 3. A pressing means 9 is vertically moved by a hydraulic cylinder 8 to finish and work the cross groove surface 3 points of the ring 2 by the molding means 5. The similar operation is repeated by using a cylinder 10 and a pressing means 11 to finish and work the remaining cross groove surface and thereafter the means 9, 11 are lowered.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a universal joint outer ring having cross grooves and an apparatus for manufacturing the same.

[Conventional technology]

A universal joint (Reprogy India) with a cross groove used in the automobile industry, etc., consists of a plurality of balls, usually six, a gauge for holding the balls, and an outer ring and an inner ring. The ball grooves are arranged in a V-shape, that is, they are inclined symmetrically to each other by equal angles with respect to the axis of rotation.

This ball groove requires high dimensions and wear resistance, and the outer ring and inner ring, especially the outer ring, are conventionally formed by mechanical processing such as cutting order 1 processing or plastic processing such as cold forging using a forming die. After forming, quenching is performed by means such as carburizing or high-frequency heating to produce the material. [Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in the above-mentioned conventional plastic working method, the cylindrical shaped material is drawn and produced. The outer ring is manufactured by deforming it by hardening, etc., but since the high-precision cross grooves are formed using a mold, the mold is complicated and very expensive, and the entire inner peripheral surface of the outer ring is At the same time, the required load is large during the UNI process where plastic working is performed. Furthermore, in the case of a cross-groove mold that applies pressure from the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring with a cam, it is necessary to increase the area of the cam surface in order to reduce the low range of surface pressure that acts on the cam surface of the latch type that forms the groove. , both the stress rings are made of large cedar, and the entire mold becomes large (and a large-sized press is required, which increases the cost. Also, along the dividing surface of the cam of the cross-groove mold, the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring is axially Burr occurred, and the machining allowance after the first machining became large, resulting in poor yields.On the other hand, when forming cross grooves by cutting, they had to be formed one or two at a time, which increased the machining time. Productivity was low.As described above, the conventional method of creating a universal joint outer ring with cross grooves and the equipment used therefor have various drawbacks.
70 The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and its purpose is to improve groove precision and improve surface roughness (excellent durability). To provide a manufacturing method for easily obtaining outer rings of universal joints having cross grooves of various shapes at a lower cost than before, and a manufacturing device that is small, relatively simple in structure, and easy to handle and used in the manufacturing method. It's about doing.

[Means for solving problems]

That is, the method for manufacturing a universal joint outer ring with a cross groove formed thereon according to the present invention is a universal joint in which a cross groove is roughly formed on the inner circumferential surface of an inner mold for grooving that has a cross groove on the outer circumferential surface and is held and fixed on a support base. The above-mentioned cross grooves of the outer ring are fitted so as to be substantially opposed to each other to form a cross hole, and then the above-mentioned outer ring is pressed and fixed onto a support base by an outer mold fitted to the outer surface of the outer ring, and then a bow A; □ shape or At least one part of the cross structure of the outer ring is finished by inserting a forming tool such as a roller into at least one part of the cross holes using a pressing tool such as a piston rod, and then the remaining four parts are processed in the same manner. After finishing the groove, the forming tool, the extruding tool, and the inner mold are extracted from the outer ring.

Further, the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the support stand, and the support stand
an inner mold for cross groove machining of the outer ring of the universal joint; an outer mold that fits onto the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the universal joint that fits into the inner mold and presses and fixes the outer ring to the support base; A guide rod for the planted outer mold, a pressing tool such as a piston rod that inserts a ball-shaped or roller-shaped movable molding tool into the cross hole formed by the inner mold and outer ring, and It is characterized by comprising an extrusion tool for pulling out from the mold.

At least the surface of the forming tool should be made harder than the outer ring of the universal joint, and should be lubricated, and should be selected depending on the properties such as the size and shape of the cross groove.10 The cross groove has a circular cross section. For example, it is convenient to use a spherical or cylindrical molding tool.These molding tools may be separate from the pressing tool, or may be held by the pressing tool.0They can be held by the pressing tool. In this case, for example, a roller-shaped forming tool may be held rotatably, or forming tools of various shapes depending on the shape of the groove to be machined may be held so as not to move.

These molding tools are used once or an appropriate number of times and are replaced when they wear out or become deformed. The inner die for cross groove machining has a size and shape that fits into the inner circumferential surface of the universal joint outer ring, and the above-mentioned outer shaft is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the inner die. At least the cross grooves of the inner mold should be hardened or the material of the inner mold should be selected.
It is preferable to wear or damage the movable molding tool as desired. The pressing tool such as the piston rod, the outer mold, and the extruding tool can be operated using ordinary driving means such as hydraulic pressure. The size, shape, material, etc. properties of each part constituting the device of the present invention are 11! ! It can be selected or variously modified depending on the properties of the outer ring of the universal joint to be preserved.0 [Actual Example] The present invention will be explained in more detail in the actual example below◇
Note that the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

-rS1 Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for a universal joint outer ring in which cross grooves are formed according to the present invention. A universal joint outer ring 2, which has a cross a1 with poor T precision on its inner peripheral surface, is mounted on a support stand 3.
It is fitted into the groove machining inner mold 4 held and fixed above. Inner mold 4
A ball-shaped molding tool 5 is placed in advance in the mold (1).Then, the outer mold 6 is guided by the guide tool 7 and pressed and fixed on the support base 3.
The hydraulic cylinder 8 moves the pressing tools 9 (3 pieces each) up and down, and the forming tool 5 finishes the three cross groove surfaces of the outer ring 2.The same operation is performed using the cylinder 10 and the pressing tools 11 (3 pieces each). ) is repeated to finish the remaining cross #l side surface, the pressing tool 9.11 is lowered, and the outer mold 6 is raised while pushing the outer ring 2 downward in the figure with the pushing tool 12. The outer shaft 2 is pushed up with the extruder 13 and extracted from the inner mold 4 to obtain the universal joint outer ring having the cross grooves 1 of the present invention. If desired, this outer ring may be further subjected to heat treatment 2, etc. Instead of the ball-shaped forming tool 50 used in the example, a roller corresponding to the shape of the cross groove to be processed may be attached to the tips of the pressing tools 9 and 11 so as to rotate in the longitudinal direction of the groove. If a W-arch groove is required, a molding tool of a corresponding shape may be fixedly attached to the tips of the presser EE tools 9 and 11 so as not to move. In this way, by varying the shape and other properties of the end portions of the cedar tool and the pressing tool, cross grooves of various shapes can be formed or finished. Of course, the method and apparatus of the present invention can also be applied to split-type outer rings other than shaft-integrated outer rings.

Figure 2 shows a state in which the outer shaft 2 is not fitted into the inner mold t. Also, A- in Figure 3 #-jf$2
4 and 5 show the outer ring 2 in the bay 1, and are viewed from direction C in FIG. 4 tfM5. Floor plan, 5th
5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 4 of Zusha, showing the 14th section machining relief part in FIG. 5. Note that the present invention can also be applied to those without a machining relief part 14.Comparative test: In actual and subexamples, a universal joint using an outer ring manufactured using the method and apparatus of the present invention and a conventional cold forging method A universal joint using the outer ring manufactured by @ was placed in a testing machine and the durability (durability time) was compared under the same conditions. The durability is the same or improved by about 10-20% compared to the previous version, and the groove precision has been improved, resulting in a significant reduction in noise.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, the method for forming the outer ring of a universal joint according to the present invention involves fitting the outer ring of the universal joint, on which cross grooves have been roughly formed on the inner circumferential surface, into an inner mold for groove machining to form a cross hole, and forming a support base. After holding and fixing the cross groove, the cross groove is finished by pushing and inserting a forming tool selected according to the shape of the groove to be formed into the cross hole, so it is easy to form grooves of various shapes. Since it can be formed quickly, it has become a book that improves work efficiency and can quickly respond to various required characteristics. Father, rough forming or loss-groove ironing to the regular dimensions makes the groove surface smooth and easy to obtain high precision.

Furthermore, the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is provided with an inner mold for machining a loss groove that is integrally formed, a forming tool that cooperates with the inner mold to form a cross groove 8 on the outer ring, and a pressing tool therefor. Therefore, compared to the conventional cold forging method that uses divided forming dies, the processing load is smaller, the equipment is smaller, and the equipment cost is reduced, and the amount of deformation during processing is small, making the processing die The grooves formed on the outer ring are improved, and the machining die is easy to manufacture, which is advantageous in terms of cost.In addition, the hook outer ring has an integrated machining die. Unlike when using conventional undivided molds, there is no mold dividing surface, so there is no need for machining, and the yield is approximately 5 to 10 liters.
Produces various effects such as 0% improvement in strength.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view of an embodiment of the universal joint outer ring manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, Figure t42 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing one step of the method of the present invention using the apparatus of Fig. 1, ll-1 Cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 2, 44
FIG. 5 is a front view and a sectional view of an example of a universal joint outer ring. In the figure, 1...Cross groove 2...Outer ring 3...Support stand 4...Inner mold 5...Forming tool 6...Outer mold 7
... Guide tool 8.10 ... Cylinder 9.11-
... Pressing tool 12, 13 - ... Pushing tool 14 ... Processing relief part patented person Tovta Jidosha Co., Ltd. Kinsha No. 1
Figure 2

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Fit the universal joint outer ring, which has cross grooves roughly formed on its inner circumferential surface, to an inner mold for groove machining that has cross grooves on its outer circumferential surface, which is held and fixed on a support base, with both of the cross grooves substantially facing each other. A cross hole is formed, and then the outer ring is pressed and fixed onto a support base by an outer mold fitted to the outer surface of the outer ring, and then a ball-shaped or roller-shaped forming tool is pressed into the cross hole using a pressing tool such as a piston rod. At least one of the cross grooves of the outer ring is finished by inserting the groove into at least one of the grooves, and then the remaining cross grooves are finished in the same way. A method for manufacturing a universal joint outer ring formed with a cross groove that can be pulled out. (2) A support base, an inner mold for cross-groove machining of the universal joint outer ring placed on the support base, and a universal joint outer ring that fits into the inner mold to support the outer ring as described above. An outer mold that is press-fixed to the stand, a guide tool for the outer mold that is planted on the support base, and a piston rod that inserts a ball-shaped or roller-shaped forming tool into the cross hole formed by the inner mold and outer ring. 1. An apparatus for manufacturing an outer ring of a universal joint having cross grooves, comprising a pressing tool such as the above, and a pushing tool for extracting the outer ring from an inner mold and an outer mold.