JPS61146355A - Breaking construction method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application> The present invention relates to a construction method and apparatus for destroying rocks, concrete, etc. using carbon dioxide.

<Prior Art and Problems> Excavation machines and explosives have conventionally been used to destroy rocks, concrete, etc. in exploration for coal and other underground resources, excavation of tunnels, and other operations.

However, when carrying the material out of the mine, it is better if the material is not too finely cut, but when excavating with an excavating machine, the material becomes too fine. . In addition, the method using explosives is dangerous and generates noise, so it has the disadvantage that the places where it can be used are limited.

Therefore, efforts are being made to develop new methods of destruction or excavation that do not use explosives, and several non-blasting methods have been developed so far, but the most effective one is:
A construction method using a static crushing agent in combination with a rock drill and a breaker is known.

However, this construction method requires the use of a special static crushing agent, which has the disadvantage of increasing construction costs and slowing down the speed of destruction or excavation.

Means for Solving the Problems〉 The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned situation.
The purpose of the present invention is to enable rapid crushing of parts to be crushed such as rocks and concrete without the need for special crushing agents.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a hole is drilled in the target part of the stratum, rock, concrete, etc. to be crushed, liquefied carbon dioxide is vaporized in the hole, and the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas that expands in volume is increased. Developed a method for crushing the target part, and furthermore, as a device, liquefied carbon dioxide is filled in a filling tube whose tip is sealed with a sealing plate that crushes at a certain pressure, and carbon dioxide is added to the tip side of the sealing plate. We have developed a crushing device in which a carbon gas jet port is provided, a body filled with an activator is installed in the filling tube, and a current terminal for activating the activator is provided on the rear side of the filling tube. be.

Embodiment Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 shows a perspective appearance of a discharge head, and Fig. 3 shows a broken appearance of an ignition head. show.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a long filling tube, and both ends thereof are provided with stepped portions 2 and 3 and female threaded portions 4 and 5 are formed therein. Since the filling tube 1 needs to be able to withstand high pressure, it is made of a high-strength material, such as special alloy steel.

A discharge head 7 is attached to the tip of the filling tube 1 with a sealing plate 6 interposed therebetween. The sealing plate 6 ruptures under a certain pressure.
For example, it is made of mild steel. The ejection head 7 includes a main body 8 and a pair of claws 9a.

It consists of 9b. The main body 8 has tapered surfaces 10a, 1
A through groove 11 having a diameter 0b is formed, and a pin 12 provided in this groove 11 supports the pair of claws 9a, 9b so as to be openable and closable laterally. The claws 9a, 9b are arranged along the tapered surfaces 10a, 10b when closed. A male threaded portion 13 is formed at the rear of the main body 8 to be screwed into the female threaded portion 4 at the tip of the filling body 8. Ejection holes 14 are provided that open on the 8 side surfaces and the tapered surfaces 10g and 10b. In the figure, 15 is a spout.

An ignition head 16 is attached to the rear end of the filling tube 1.

A cylindrical male threaded part 18 is provided at the tip of the main body 17 of the ignition head 16 and is screwed into the female threaded part 5 at the rear end of the filling tube 1, and the rear part of the activator filling body 19 is inserted into this threaded part 18. can be stored. The activator filling body 19 is made by filling a paper tube 20 with an activator 21, and the paper tube 20 is provided with a fuse (low-pressure powder fuse) 22 for guiding a current to activate the activator 21. The activator 21 is a vaporization aid for liquefied carbon dioxide, and for example, a mixture of potassium perchlorate and hydroxybenzoic acid is used. The electrode sleeve 23 is screwed into the main body 17 from the male threaded portion 18 side. The electrode sleeve 23 has an electrode z4, and this electrode 24 is connected to the fuse 22 with the activator filling body 19 installed in the male threaded portion 18. At the rear of the electrode sleeve 23, the main body 17 has a connector 2 connected to the electrode sleeve 23.
5 is provided. On the other hand, an injection hole 26 is formed in the main body 17 from the inner bottom surface of the male threaded portion 18 to the rear end surface of the main body 17, and a valve 2 is provided on the rear side of the main body 17 of the injection hole 26.
7 is screwed on.

A discharge head 7 is attached to the tip of the filling tube 1 via a sealing plate 6, and an activator filling body 19 is installed.
With the ignition head 16 attached to the rear end, open the valve 2.
7, liquefied carbon dioxide 28 is filled into the filling tube 1 through the injection hole 26.

Next, the operation of crushing strata, rocks, concrete, etc. by the crushing apparatus having the above configuration, ie, one embodiment of the method according to the present invention, will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. Note that here, a case where underground coal seams and the like are crushed will be taken as an example.

First, the connector 25 at the rear end of the crushing device 29 and an external battery are connected using the cable 30. On the other hand, a hole 32 for inserting the crushing device 29 is provided in the stratum 31 to be crushed.
can be opened. This drilling is done using a conventional rotary drilling machine or the like.

Next, the crushing device 29 is inserted into the hole 32.

With the above, preparation is complete, and in the above state, low voltage current is supplied from the cable 30. The low voltage current flows to the fuse 22 via the connector 25, the current sleeve 23, and the current S24.

When current flows through the fuse 22, the activator filling body! The activator 21 in the liquefied carbon dioxide 28 is activated, and the vaporization of the liquefied carbon dioxide 28 is promoted.

When the liquefied carbon dioxide 28 continues to vaporize and the pressure inside the filling tube 1 reaches a certain value, the sealing plate 6 at the tip of the filling tube 1 breaks.
Carbon dioxide gas (hereinafter referred to as carbon dioxide gas) 28a passes through the ejection hole 14 and is ejected from the ejection port 15 to the side as shown in FIG. When 28 m of carbon dioxide gas is ejected from the ejection hole 14, the claws 9a and 9b are pushed apart, and the force that tries to push the crushing device 29 out of the hole 32 due to the ejection of carbon dioxide gas 28a bites into the surrounding strata and crushes it. Device 29 is prevented from being removed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the carbon dioxide gas 28a penetrates along the weakened strata 31, and finally fractures the strata 31, as shown in FIG. 6 and further on in FIG. 7. The obtained fragments 31a are in the form of a lump, which is convenient for carrying out processing.

The crushing device 29 after use includes the sealing plate 6 and the activator filling body 19.
It is used repeatedly by replacing it with liquefied carbon dioxide 28 and filling it with liquefied carbon dioxide 28.

The gas volume required for crushing strata and other objects to be crushed can be adjusted by the capacity of the filling tube 1, and the gas release pressure can be adjusted accurately by changing the thickness, material, etc. of the sealing plate 6. It is adjustable.

The present invention is applicable not only to geological formations as in the above embodiments, but also to crushing of rocks and concrete, and various civil engineering works.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention, by utilizing the pressure of expanding carbon dioxide gas,
Since strata, rocks, concrete, etc. are crushed, the crushing work can be carried out safely and quickly.

Moreover, since the crushing means is carbon dioxide gas, the cost can be kept low. Furthermore, since the crushed material can be obtained in the form of lumps, post-processing becomes easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective external view of the discharge head, FIG. 3 is a cutaway perspective view of the ignition head, and FIGS. 4 to 7 are explanatory diagrams showing the stratum crushing process according to the present invention. In the drawings, 1 is a filling tube, 6 is a sealing plate, 7 is a discharge head) 9a, 9b are claws, 15 is a spout, 16 is an ignition head 1, 19 is an activator filling body, 21 is an activator, 22 is a fuse , 24 is an electrode, 27 is a valve, 28 is liquefied carbon dioxide, 28a is carbon dioxide gas, 29 is a crushing device, and 30 is a cable.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Drilling a hole in the target part of the strata, rock, concrete, etc. to be crushed, vaporizing liquefied carbon dioxide in the hole, and crushing the part to be crushed by the pressure of the volume-expanding carbon dioxide gas. A crushing method characterized by (2) A filling tube whose tip was sealed with a sealing plate that was crushed under a certain pressure was filled with liquefied carbon dioxide, and while a carbon dioxide gas outlet was provided on the tip side of the sealing plate, an activator was filled. A crushing device characterized in that a cylindrical body is installed in the filling tube, and a current terminal for activating the activator is provided on the rear side of the filling tube.