JPS61145296A - Method and apparatus for separating synthetic gas/fly ash mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating synthesis gas/fly ash mixtures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION When producing synthesis gas by incomplete combustion of coal,
Fly ash is often produced as a by-product. Fly ash must be removed from the resulting synthesis gas before it is used as a feedstock for the production of organic compounds or for other uses.

It is known to separate the bulk of the syngas from the fly ash using a cyclone separator, one or more filters or a combination thereof. However, this known separation method does not provide sufficient separation. A considerable amount of synthesis gas, consisting almost entirely of CO and H2O, remains in the fly ash, and therefore there is a risk of large explosions due to the remaining H2 in the fly ash, and There is also a risk that human health may be damaged due to the CO remaining in the ash. Therefore, it is important to separate substantially all of the syngas from the fly ash before placing the fly ash in contact with the atmosphere.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new method for the separation of synthesis gas/fly ash mixtures. According to the method of the present invention, H2 and CO2 are no longer substantially present in the fly ash after this separation operation, so even if this fly ash is placed in contact with the atmosphere, the presence of H2 and CO2 will not be present. little or no explosion or deterioration of human health due to each.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus used for carrying out the method of the invention.

Structure of the Invention The present invention provides a method for contacting a synthesis gas/fly ash mixture with an inert gas and the resulting inert gas/fly ash mixture.
The invention relates to a method for separating a synthesis gas/fly ash mixture, characterized in that the synthesis gas mixture and fly ash are removed separately.

The present invention also provides a separation apparatus used in the method for separating a synthesis gas/fly ash mixture, comprising: a separator; a supply pipe for the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture taken into the separator; It has an inert gas supply pipe, an inert gas/synthesis gas mixture discharge pipe, and a fly ash discharge pipe, and these pipes are provided with a six-hole closure means, and the inert gas supply pipe and the inert gas discharge pipe are provided with a six-hole closure means. An apparatus for separating a synthesis gas/fly ash mixture, characterized in that the discharge pipes of the active gas/synthesis gas mixture are provided with means for preventing or restricting the flow of fly ash into these pipes. Also related.

As mentioned above, the conventional method of producing synthesis gas by gasification of coal has serious problems, which are solved by the present invention. It is not limited to processing only, and the solution to the above problem can be applied to a much wider range of fields.

In other words, the separation of syngas/fly ash mixtures produced by any method can be reliably performed according to the present invention, i.e., the separation can be carried out with a degree of separation sufficiently high to achieve the stated purpose. It can be carried out.

The term "inert gas" as used herein refers to a gas or gas mixture that does not react with the above-mentioned components when the method of the present invention is carried out under specified conditions.

Although the presence of CO and/or H2 in the inert gas is generally tolerated, i.e. it is not necessary to remove this CO and H2, the presence of CO and/or H2 in the inert gas may cause syngas/fly ash It should be quite clear that the separation operation of the mixture is not improved. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, G O-? ' An inert gas containing no H is used. Any inert gas can generally be used so long as it meets the above definition.

However, in preferred embodiments of the invention, inert gases such as N2 and CO2 are used, which pose no health risk or explosion risk if they remain in the fly ash.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture and the inert gas are contacted under a pressure of 0.5-30 bar (more preferably atmospheric pressure). The temperature can be varied within a wide range, e.g.
The temperature may be 200°C. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the operation is carried out at a temperature comparable to ambient temperature (ie, room temperature).

The process according to the invention can be carried out continuously, semi-continuously or discontinuously. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the syngas/fly ash mixture is continuously contacted with an inert gas and then the inert gas/syngas mixture and fly ash are continuously removed.

The operation of contacting the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture with the inert gas can be carried out as follows: the fly ash can be brought into contact with the inert gas while stationary or in motion, or in the form of a fluidized bed. It's advantageous. When the syngas/fly ash mixture is contacted with an inert gas, this fly ash can be brought into a fluidized state and kept in this state, and in this case said inert gas is highly effective as a fluidizing medium. Can be used to advantage.

After sufficient synthesis gas has been removed from the fly ash,
This fly ash can be further processed or stored or dumped or transported for four years.

The resulting inert gas/synthesis gas mixture can be further processed or placed in a combustion furnace to remove the CO and N2 present in the gas by combustion.

If large amounts of synthesis gas are to be separated from relatively small amounts of fly ash, prior to carrying out the process of the invention, a cyclone separator, one or more chimneys or a combination thereof may be used according to known methods. Preferably, most of the synthesis gas is removed from the fly ash. This is called preliminary separation. The advantage here is that the majority of the synthesis gas is obtained in a form that is not admixed with inert gases. A further benefit is that the required amount of inert gas is relatively small. This preliminary separation is 5-4
It can be carried out under a pressure of 0 bar.

The method according to the invention can in principle be carried out using any separator known in the art as a separator of fine dust particles and gas.

Separation devices suitable for carrying out the process of the invention include a separator, a supply line for the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture attached to it, a supply line for the inert gas and a discharge line for the inert gas/synthesis gas mixture. and a fly ash discharge pipe, these conduits being equipped with pipe closure means, said inert gas supply pipe and said inert gas/synthesis gas mixture discharge pipe having a discharge pipe into the pipe. The separation device is characterized in that it is equipped with means for preventing or restricting the inflow of fly ash.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feed line for the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture and the discharge line for the synthesis gas/inert gas mixture are connected to the separator at a relatively high point, and the other two said conduits are connected to the separator at a relatively high point. It connects to the separator at a low location. In another preferred embodiment, the fly ash outlet is connected to the bottom of the separator and the inert gas/synthesis gas mixture outlet is connected to the top of the separator. The connection locations of the other two conduits can be determined as appropriate within the scope of the above teachings depending on the size and configuration of the separator and the arrangement conditions of each processing device.

As already mentioned, the process of the invention can be carried out continuously, semi-continuously or discontinuously.

A case where operations are performed discontinuously will be explained.

Fly ash and synthesis gas are supplied to the separator via a supply pipe, while other conduits are closed. Then, the fly ash and syngas supply pipes are closed,
An inert gas is supplied to the separator to maintain a high pressure (<30 bar) in the separator, and then the inert gas supply line is closed again. Synthetically, the syngas and inert gas exhaust lines are opened after a certain period of time if desired. Since high pressure is maintained in the separator, the synthesis gas/inert gas mixture leaves the separator and is discharged outside the system. Thereafter, the following operations are carried out in sequence: the syngas/inert gas mixture discharge pipe is closed and the fly ash discharge pipe is opened to remove the fly ash. If desired, the fly ash can be removed with the aid of a carrier gas, such as an inert gas such as N2 or Co2.
Preferably, it is of the same type. After closing the fly ash discharge pipe and opening the fly ash/synthesis gas mixture, the process according to the invention can be repeated, ie, the new raw material fly ash/synthesis gas mixture can be processed. If the synthesis gas is not sufficiently separated from the fly ash, the above separation operation can be repeated once or several times to separate the fly ash and the remaining synthesis gas. This can be done in one of two ways.

The first method is to contact the fly ash and residual synthesis gas again with the inert gas in the same separator instead of discharging it from the separator.

A second method is to discharge the fly ash and residual synthesis gas from the separator before entering another separator or separators and repeating the separation method described above. It will generally be sufficient to repeat the process about 10 times. Good results are often obtained by repeating the method only 3-6 times.

When carrying out the process of the invention semi-continuously, synthesis gas/
The fly ash mixture is fed to the separator, while the other conduits are kept closed. then closing the syngas/fly ash mixture supply pipe and then opening the inert gas supply pipe and the inert gas and syngas discharge pipes;
The inert gas is then passed continuously through the fly ash and the inert gas/synthesis gas mixture is discharged, and this operation continues until the syngas is sufficiently separated from the fly ash. After closing the open conduit, the fly ash is discharged via its discharge pipe. This evacuation can be carried out, if desired, with the aid of the carrier gas already mentioned.

As mentioned above, the method of the present invention is preferably carried out continuously, and this will be explained in detail. The fly ash/synthesis gas mixture and the inert gas are fed simultaneously and continuously to the separator ↓ via the feed pipe.

This supply pipe was installed for the above purpose. The inert gas/synthesis gas mixture and fly ash are then continuously discharged via the discharge pipe. This discharge pipe was installed for the above purpose. The flow rate of the inert gas through the separator can be varied within wide limits. This is because the flow rate of the inert gas is a value that depends on the rate at which fly ash and synthesis gas pass through the separator, the amount of synthesis gas to be separated from the fly ash, the dimensions of the separator, and the like.

In contrast to discontinuous operation, the pressure should be kept constant when operating semi-continuously or continuously.

When contacting the syngas/fly ash mixture with an inert gas, the fly ash can be kept stationary, in motion, or in the form of a fluidized bed with the inert gas, as described above. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a fluidized bed is used, ie dust particle fluidization means are attached to the separator according to known techniques, and an inert gas is used to fluidize the fly ash and maintain it in this state.

As already mentioned, fly ash/synthesis gas mixtures containing relatively large amounts of syngas can be subjected to a pre-separation operation prior to contacting with an inert gas. The fly ash/synthesis gas composition of the mixture is different before and after the pre-separation operation. This is because a significant portion of the synthesis gas is separated during the preseparation operation.

In order to feed the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture obtained by the pre-separation operation to the separator, the said feed pipe of the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture (the feed pipe connected to the separator) is connected to a pre-separation means (i.e. a cyclone). separator, one or more filters or a combination thereof).

The pre-separation operation can be carried out under a pressure of 5-40 bar.

Since the contact of the syngas/fly ash mixture with the inert gas is carried out at relatively low pressure, the pressure must be reduced prior to this contact. For this purpose, according to the invention, means for reducing the pressure within the separator can be attached to the separator. This pressure reduction means may be known per se. In a preferred embodiment, this pressure reduction means is placed between the preseparation means and the separator in the separation apparatus of the invention. Examples of pressure reduction means that can be used include separate vessels known per se.
sel), which is suitable for pressure reduction. Furthermore, an elongated, preferably rolled and perforated vibrator can also be used as a pressure reduction means.

A preferred embodiment of the invention uses a separate vessel. After the pressure has been reduced, the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture can be fed to the separator, for example via a feed line for the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture with the aid of a carrier gas.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to provide the device according to the invention with a suitable container for the storage of the fly ash/synthesis gas mixture.

Preferably, the storage container is located between and connected to the pressure reducing means and a cyclone separator, filter or combination thereof. As already mentioned, the separation device of the invention is particularly suitable for the separation of fly ash/synthesis gas mixtures obtained from coal gasification operations.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic piping diagram of an example of a synthesis gas/fly ash mixture separation device according to the present invention.

Synthesis gas obtained by gasification of coal under a pressure of 5-40 bar is fed together with the by-product fly ash via a pipe (1) to a vessel (2), where a cyclone separator, a cyclone separator, The bulk of the synthesis gas is separated by one or more filters or a combination thereof (these devices are shown schematically in the drawing as vessel (2)), called pre-separation. The synthesized gas is discharged via pipe (3) and is then further processed or used for other purposes.The fly ash along with the remaining synthesis gas is transferred via pipe 4) to a storage container (
(also referred to as “collector container”) (5). The vessel (2+) and vessel (5) are kept under the same pressure as during the coal gasification process described above.

Once a sufficient amount of the fly ash/synthesis gas mixture has been supplied to the storage vessel (5), this mixture is immediately admitted via the tube (6) into the vessel (7) where the pressure is reduced to atmospheric pressure. This fly ash/synthesis gas mixture is then
It is continuously fed to the separator 00) with a carrier gas fed via the pipe (9). The separator α0) has means for bringing and keeping the fly ash in a fluid state. This fluidization takes place with the aid of a continuous inert gas flow supplied through the tube 0υ.

Synthesis gas and inert gas are continuously removed through tube a and fly ash is removed through tube a.

The fly ash obtained in this way is H2 or C
can be further processed or transported without risk of explosion or harm to humans or animals due to the presence of O, respectively;
Or it can be stored.

The amount of syngas in the syngas/waraia nosh mixture after the above pretreatment is more than 10 ml (fly ash 1
(expressed in the amount of synthesis gas per kg). By implementing the process of the invention, this amount can be reduced to small amounts of less than 0.0 IN1 (expressed in the amount of synthesis gas per kg of fly ash).

Various embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description and accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that these embodiments also fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic pipe diagram of one example of the device of the present invention. 1-Synthesis gas/fly ash mixture supply pipe; 2.-
Separation vessel for preliminary separation: 3 - Discharge pipe for synthesis gas; 4 - Discharge pipe for fly ash and residual synthesis gas; 5 - Storage vessel (also referred to as "par collector vessel");'l-
Pressure reduction vessel; 10--Separator; 11--Inert gas supply pipe;]'2-Synthesis gas and inert gas discharge pipe; I3-Fly ash discharge pipe.

Claims (16)

[Claims] (1) Syngas/fly ash, characterized in that the syngas/fly ash mixture is brought into contact with an inert gas, and the resulting inert gas/synthesis gas mixture and the fly ash are each removed separately. How to separate ash mixtures. (2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas is N_2 or CO_2. 3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture and the inert gas are brought into contact under a pressure of 0.5-30 bar. (4) The method according to claim 3, wherein the contact operation is performed under atmospheric pressure. (5) A claim characterized in that the synthesis gas/synthesis gas mixture and the inert gas are continuously contacted, and then both the inert gas/synthesis gas mixture and the fly ash are continuously removed. Any one of paragraphs 1 to 4
The method described in section. (6) Any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that when the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture and the inert gas are brought into contact, the fly ash is brought into a fluidized state and maintained in this state. or the method described in paragraph 1. (7) A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the fly ash is brought into a fluidized state and maintained in this state with the aid of an inert gas. (8) The syngas/fly ash mixture (referred to as "Mixture A") that is contacted with the inert gas is replaced by another fly ash/syngas mixture (referred to as "Mixture B") having a different fly ash/syngas composition. i.e., mixture A is obtained after mixture B is subjected to a separation operation using a cyclone separator, one or more filters or a combination thereof to separate the majority of the syngas from the fly ash. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method is obtained by: (9) The syngas/fly ash mixture to be contacted with an inert gas (referred to as "Mixture A") is separated into another mixture (referred to as "Mixture B") having a different fly ash/syngas composition through a cyclone separator; 5-40 using one or more filters or a combination thereof
9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that it is obtained by carrying out a separation operation under pressure of bar. (10) A method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture and an inert gas are brought into contact in a separator. (11) a separator; a synthesis gas/fly ash mixture supply pipe attached to the separator; an inert gas supply pipe; an inert gas/synthesis gas mixture discharge pipe; and a fly ash discharge pipe. and these pipes are provided with pipe closure means, and the inert gas supply pipe and the inert gas/synthesis gas mixture discharge pipe are provided with pipe closure means to prevent fly ash from flowing into these pipes. An apparatus for separating a synthesis gas/fly ash mixture used in the separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a means for restricting the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture is provided. (12) The supply pipe for the synthesis gas/fly ash mixture and the discharge pipe for the inert gas/synthesis gas mixture were connected to the separator at a relatively high place, and the other two pipes were connected at a relatively low place. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that: (13) The apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the separator is equipped with means for bringing the fly ash into a fluid state and maintaining it in this state. (14) Synthesis gas/fly ash mixture (“Mixture A
”) is connected to a cyclone separator, 1
or more filters or combinations thereof, these separating means separate the majority of the syngas from another syngas/fly ash mixture (referred to as "Mixture B") having a different fly ash/syngas composition. Claim 1, characterized in that it is suitable for separating
The apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 13. (15) A patent characterized in that it has means suitable for reducing the pressure and is arranged between and connected to a cyclone separator, a filter or a combination thereof and a separator. Apparatus according to claim 14. (16) having a container suitable for the storage of the fly ash/synthesis gas mixture, i.e. by placing this container between the cyclone separator, filter or a combination thereof and the pressure reduction means; 16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that it is connected.