JPS61142944A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress the abrasion of a rotary brush and a commutator, by organizing a plurality of rotary brushes or insulating brushes so that they may come in contact with one piece of the commutator segment in the circumferential direction of the commutator. CONSTITUTION:When voltage is applied between connecting wires 35, 36, then current flows through an armature winding 22 via electrode rings 30, 31, rotary brushes 28. 29 and a commutator 27, and a magnetic force is generated by the armature winding 22, and with the additional action of a permanent magnet 25, a rotor 24 and the commutator 27 start rotating and are arranged to work as a motor. In this case, the commutator 27 is also rotated along with the rotation of the rotor 24, and the rotary brushes 28, 29 in contact with the commutator 27 are automatically operated between the commutator 27 and the electrode rings 30, 31, and electrical conduction between them is continuously carried out. In this manner, the abrasion of the rotary brushes and the commutator can be suppressed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply structure for a motor using a commutator.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, this type of electric motor has a rotor 4 fixed to a rotating shaft 1 and consisting of a plurality of armature windings 2 and an armature core 3; A commutator has a pair of permanent magnets 5 arranged concentrically around the outer periphery, and a plurality of commutator pieces 6 connected to the armature winding 2 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotary shaft 1. 7, and a pair of brushes 8.9 made of a conductive material such as carbon and molded into a prismatic shape are brought into contact with the surface of the commutator 7 about tl perpendicularly. (For example, Shodai Miyairi ``Latest Electrical Equipment Engineering'', (Showa 4)
2.10.26), Maruzen, P9). Note that Figure 4 is the third
In addition to showing the cross section along the line A-A in the figure, 10.11 is a spring for pressing the brush 8.9 against the commutator 7;
．． 13 is a connection line for supplying electricity to the brush 8.9;
14.15 is a brush holder for holding the brush 8.9 and spring 10.11; 16 is a frame of the electric motor;
17.18 indicates a bearing.

In the above configuration, when a DC voltage is applied between the connecting wire 12.1a, the brush 8.9 and the commutator piece 6 of the commutator 7
A current flows through the armature winding 2, and the armature winding 2 generates magnetic force, which causes the rotor 4 and commutator 7 to start rotating due to the action of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 5, so that it works as an electric motor. Become.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in such a configuration, the brush 8.
9 is pressed against the surface of the commutator 7, and the brush 8.
Since the brushes 8 and 9 slide on the surface of the commutator 7, there are problems in that the brushes 8 and 9 and the commutator pieces 7 are significantly worn, resulting in short life and high noise.

Means to Solve the Problem In order to solve this problem, the present invention divides the outer periphery of the commutator into two pieces concentrically with the commutator and within a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. A rotating brush is provided with a pair of electrode rings, an anode and a cathode made of a conductor, and the conductor is molded into a cylindrical shape between the commutator and the electrode ring, and an insulating brush is provided with an electric insulator molded into the same shape as the rotary brush. The rotating brush and the insulating brush rotate on their own axis as the commutator rotates, and the commutator and the electrode ring are energized through the rotating brush. A plurality of rotating brushes or insulating brushes are arranged in contact with each other in the circumferential direction of the brush.

Operation According to the configuration of the present invention, a current is passed through the commutator through the electrode ring and the rotating brush to rotate the rotor and cause it to function as an electric motor. On the other hand, as the rotor rotates, the commutator also rotates, and the rotating brush in contact with the commutator rotates between the commutator and the electrode ring while continuing to conduct electricity between the electrode ring and the commutator.

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the electric motor of the present invention has a rotor 24 fixed to a rotating shaft 21 and consisting of a plurality of armature windings 22 and an armature core 23, and a pair of permanent magnets 25 concentrically arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor 24. The armature winding 2 is arranged on the rotating shaft 21.
A commutator 27 is provided with a plurality of commutator pieces 26 connected to the commutator pieces 26 arranged on a circumferential surface, and on the surface of the commutator 27 there are a pair of rotating pieces formed of a conductive material such as carbon into a cylindrical shape. A pair of electrode rings 30, 31 are arranged outside the brushes 28, 29 and concentrically with the commutator 27, and the rotating brushes 28, 29 are connected to the commutator 27 and the electrode ring 3.
The commutator 27 and the electrode ring 30. rotate between 0 and 31.
31 continues to be energized. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, the pair of electrode rings 3o and 31 are divided into two parts within a plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft 21, and one is arranged as an anode and the other as a cathode. The rotating brushes 28 and 29 have an angle of 18 with respect to the center of rotation of the rotating shaft 21.
In addition to having a 0° positional relationship, both rings 30.3
1, a plurality of insulating brushes 32 made of an insulator having the same shape as the rotating brushes 28 and 29 are arranged, and the rotating brushes and the insulating brushes constitute a bearing for the rotating shaft 21. Furthermore, two rotating brushes or insulating brushes are in contact with one commutator piece constituting the commutator 27.

Note that 33 is an insulating ring for electrically insulating the electrode ring 30,131 and the motor frame 34, 35, 36 is a connecting wire for applying voltage to the electrode ring 30, 31, and 37, 38 is a bearing. show.

In the above configuration, when a voltage is applied between the connecting wires 35 and 36, a current flows to the armature winding 22 via the electrode ring 30 and 31, the rotating brushes 28 and 29, and the commutator 27.
The armature winding 22 generates magnetic force, and due to the action of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 25, the rotor 24 and commutator 27 begin to rotate and work as an electric motor, significantly suppressing wear on the rotating brushes and commutator. Therefore, the life of the electric motor can be greatly improved.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the structure of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) As the commutator rotates, a rotating brush made of a conductive material such as carbon formed into a cylindrical shape and an insulating brush made of an insulator molded into the same shape as the rotating brush are arranged between the electrode rings. Since the rotating brush comes into contact with the commutator and electrode ring while rotating, wear on the rotating brush can be significantly suppressed and the life of the motor can be greatly extended.

(2) Since the contact between the rotating brush and the commutator is rotational contact, the generation of sliding noise can be significantly reduced, and a very quiet commutator motor can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional configuration, and FIG. It is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 21... Rotating shaft, 26... Commutator piece, 2
7... Commutator, 28.29... Rotating brush, 30.31... Electrode ring, 32... Insulating brush.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A pair of electrode rings made of a conductor divided into two pieces is provided around the outer circumference of the commutator concentrically with the commutator and within a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, and conductive electricity is provided between the commutator and the electrode ring. A rotating brush having a cylindrical body is arranged, and the rotating brush rotates on its own axis as the commutator rotates, and electricity is energized between the commutator and the electrode ring via the rotating brush, and the commutator An electric motor in which multiple rotating brushes and insulating brushes are in contact with one commutator in the circumferential direction. (2) An insulating brush made of an electrical insulator and molded in the same shape as the rotating brush is arranged between the commutator and the electrode ring in the part where there is no rotating brush, and the rotating brush, the insulating brush, and the electrode ring constitute a bearing. Claim 1
Electric motor described in section.