JPS61130597A - Concrete spray apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention <r> Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying concrete onto walls including the upper half of tunnels, shafts, retaining walls, and other walls.

<[>Conventional technology In tunnel construction, etc., a construction method has been developed in which concrete is sprayed immediately after excavation.

Conventionally, concrete was sprayed by hand with a nozzle in hand, but because the scaffolding was unstable and it was difficult to spray upwards, specialized spraying machines were developed.

For example, the device shown in Fig. 7 is an arm b attached to a trolley a.
A workbench C is provided at the end, a boom d is further attached to the workbench C, and an operator on the workbench C remotely controls the nozzle e at the tip of the boom d.

<I[[>Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention The above-mentioned spraying apparatus has the following points to be improved.

(b) Spraying requires the nozzle to be directed perpendicular to the wall surface and maintained at a constant distance, but the location of the spraying cannot be fully determined due to reasons such as being far away and dimly lit. relied solely on the intuition and skill of the operator.

(b) In a system where the arm rotates around one point,
Spraying on arches can be handled well, but in the case of tunnels with vertical walls below the arch, automatic spraying using the rotating arm is limited to spraying only the upper half of the curved surface, and vertical walls are handled separately. The method shall be used.

Therefore, several devices and multiple steps are required to spray concrete onto all walls.

The present invention was developed in view of these points, and is a concrete spraying device that is much more efficient than manual labor and can spray concrete over a wide range of wall surfaces, including vertical surfaces. The purpose is to provide

<IV> Means for solving the problems The present invention employs the following technical means to solve the above problems.

That is, in a concrete spraying device in which a rotating arm is attached to the upper part of a downward moving arm via a rotating shaft, a rotating arm that rotates around the center of a curved surface or an approximate center of the circle as a rotating shaft; It consists of a swinging arm that swings in a direction almost perpendicular to the direction of movement of the swinging arm and has a spray nozzle at its tip, and a vertically moving arm configured so that the rotation axis of the swinging arm moves up and down on a vertical line. For the structure, concrete spraying equipment was used.

<V> Embodiment Next, an embodiment of the concrete spraying apparatus of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

(a) Overall configuration (Figs. 1 and 2) The concrete spraying apparatus of the present invention consists of an arm for vertical movement consisting of a first arm and a second arm 2, and a swinging arm 4 located at its upper end and at its tip. It consists of a rotating arm 3 having a

(b) Arm extension/contraction (vertical movement) mechanism The extension/contraction mechanism of the device by the first and second arms 11.2 is realized by the rotation of the base end of the first arm 1 around the base end bin P1 of the cart A. , the second arm 2 located at the free end of the first arm 1 is configured to rotate around the free end pin P2 of the first arm 1.

At this time, the rotation axis P at the tip of the second arm 2 is configured to always move on a vertical line.

The specific structure of the vertical movement mechanism is as follows.

That is, the first arm 1 has its base end rotatably supported on the truck A by the base end pin P1, and is rotated about the base end pin P1 by means of a starting jack A2 on the truck A and the like.

On the other hand, a fixed sprocket 11 that does not rotate is attached to the base end pin P1.
A rotary sprocket 12 is provided at the free end of the first arm 1 and is integral with the free end pin P2.

Both sprockets 11 and 12 are connected by a second arm rotating chain 13, and the rotating sprocket 12 is configured to rotate when the first arm 1 itself rotates about the base pin P1.

The rotary sprocket 12 and the free end pin P2 are integrated, and the free end pin P2 is fixed to the base end of the second arm 2, so that the rotation of the rotary sprocket 12 corresponds to the rotation of the second arm 2.

and the length of each arm 1.2 and each sprocket 11.
By setting the number of teeth to 12, the rotation axis P at the tip of the second arm 2 is configured to always move up and down on the vertical line by combining the activation of the first arm 1 and the rotational movement of the second arm 2.

(c) Rotation mechanism of the rotation arm The rotation of the rotation arm 3 is caused by the rotation of the drive source A3 of the cart A.
The signal is transmitted to the rotating shaft P at the tip of the second arm 2 via the base sprocket 15 and the intermediate sub-kerat 21, and causes the rotating arm 3 fixed to the rotating shaft P to reciprocate.

That is, the base end sprocket 15 is installed in the base end bin P1 of the first arm 1.

The base end sprocket 15 has a first rotating chain 16 suspended over an intermediate sprocket 21 that rotates around a free end pin P2 that is coaxial with the rotating sprocket 12 of the first arm 1, and the rotation of the base end sprocket 15 is connected to the intermediate sprocket. 21.

Further, a second rotating chino 22 is stretched between the intermediate sprocket 2] 2 and the tip sprocket 32 provided on the rotation axis P at the free end of the second arm 2.

In this way, the rotation of the drive source A3 causes the rotation arm 3 to rotate around the rotation axis P of the second arm 2.

(d) Swinging mechanism of swinging arm For spraying, a nozzle 5 is installed, and the swinging arm 4 located at the tip of the swinging arm 3 swings in a direction almost perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the swinging arm 3. .

Swinging in directions orthogonal to each other includes circular motion, elliptical motion, and other motions that allow spraying with a wide width.

Its structure is, for example, as shown in FIG.
This is performed by moving a link mechanism 33 provided at the lower end of the swing arm 4 using a hydraulic cylinder 34 inside.

In addition to using the hydraulic cylinder 34 as the swing mechanism for the swing arm 4, other methods such as using the rotational movement of a motor and a cam can also be adopted.

In short, the swing arm 4 may be configured to swing in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the swing arm 3.

Next, we will explain how to use the above concrete spraying equipment.

(a) Preparation Advance the trolley A to a predetermined position, and connect the pipe from the nozzle 5 to the concrete pump for spraying.

Then, the rotation axis P, which is the center of rotation of the rotation arm 4, is positioned on the center nt of the tunnel cross section.

(b) Spraying to the side wall (Fig. 4) When spraying from the bottom to the top, do not extend the starting jack A2 on the trolley A and fold the first arm 1 and the second arm 2. .

In this state, the rotating arm 3 is held horizontally, and spraying is started with the nozzle 5 directed perpendicularly to the side wall 1 of the tunnel.

The first arm 1 is gradually started by the starting jack A2 from the start.

As mentioned above, when the first arm 1 starts to actuate, the second arm 2 starts rotating in a direction that increases the angle with the first arm 1, and the rotating arm 3 at the tip of the second arm 2 rotates. raise.

At this time, since the rotation axis P of the rotation arm 3 is configured to always move on a vertical line, the locus of the rotation axis P of the rotation arm 3 moves on the center line of the cross section of the tunnel.

Therefore, when spraying, the spacing between the nozzles 5 and the side wall substantially perpendicular to the tip of the nozzle 5 is always constant, making it possible to spray under the same conditions.

In addition, when spraying while moving sequentially from above to below, it is sufficient to shorten the elongated starting jack A2.

(c) Spraying to the arch part (Figure 5) Spraying is done using nozzle 5.
When the tip reaches the same height as the lower end of the tunnel arch 2, the drive source A3 for the cart is driven to start reciprocating rotation of the rotating arm 3.

The rotating arm 3 rotates around a rotation axis P located at the center of the circle of the upper half section of the tunnel or approximately at the center of the circle, and sprays concrete on the arch 2 under the same conditions.

(d) Operation of the swinging arm The spraying to the side wall 1 and the spraying to the arch 2 are actually carried out with a swinging motion.

That is, the movement of the swinging arm 4 causes the spray to move from the nozzle 5.
By swinging the rotary arm 3 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the rotary arm 3, that is, in the axial direction of the tunnel, concrete is sprayed onto the wall surface in a band with a constant width.

(E) Movement of the device After spraying concrete at a constant width on the side walls of the tunnel (1) and the arch (2), the device is moved to the prefectural road, and spraying is carried out in the same manner on the wall adjacent to the rear wall.

Other Examples E In the concrete spraying device of this example, the rotation of the rotating arm 3, the expansion and contraction of the first and second arms 1.2, etc. are performed by connecting multiple sprockets with a chain. However, it is of course possible to use known methods such as a combination of a belt and a belt pulley, a hydraulic cylinder, a worm gear and a worm, etc.

In short, the rotation of the drive source can be transmitted to the rotating arm 3 at the tip, and the rotation axis P, which is the center of rotation of the rotating arm 3, is always on the vertical line, so that the entire device can expand and contract. It is sufficient if it is done.

Further, in the above embodiment, a tunnel having a substantially vertical side wall was targeted for spraying, but it is of course possible to target a horseshoe-shaped tunnel with non-vertical side walls.

Of course, other wall surfaces other than tunnels, such as shafts and retaining walls, can also be targeted.

<VT> Effects of the Invention Since the present invention has been described above, the following effects can be expected.

(b) When spraying concrete onto a tunnel wall, it is ideal to aim the nozzle at right angles to the wall, keep the same distance away from the wall if the W/C is the same, and swing the concrete in the direction of the tunnel axis. It is true.

With conventional manual or remote-controlled dedicated machines, all of the above points depended on the intuition of the worker, making it difficult to spray onto partially uneven walls from a perpendicular position, and resulting in a large amount of concrete. A rebound was inevitable.

According to the apparatus of the present invention, since it is possible to perform spraying on both the arch portion and the wall surface while always setting the distance from the wall surface to be substantially constant, it is possible to perform spraying that is close to the ideal.

(b) Even if the wall surface is not necessarily vertical, spraying can be carried out on a somewhat sloped or curved surface while maintaining substantially the same spacing, so it is possible to perform good spraying under the same conditions.

(c) There is no need to rely on the skill level of the worker, and anyone can perform spraying under the same conditions.

Furthermore, the working conditions can be quantitatively controlled to some extent from the number of rotations of the drive unit, the amount of concrete consumed, etc.

(d) Since the operator only has to adjust the moving speed of the arm, he or she can observe the mixing state of the amount of water, etc. with sufficient leeway.

Therefore, high quality concrete can always be sprayed with a minimum bounce rate.

(e) Workers are safe because they can always work in a position completely protected by concrete, and are not affected by powder particles or splashing concrete.

(f) Compared to conventional remote-controlled dedicated machines, the mechanism is relatively simple and maintenance and repair are easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1: The concrete spraying of the present invention is a front view of the equipment. Figure 2. The concrete spraying of the present invention is a side view of the equipment. Figure 3. Explanation of the rotation and expansion and contraction mechanism. is an explanatory diagram of the device 1: First arm 2: Second arm 3: Rotating arm 4: Swinging arm procedure amendment (information) April 25, 1985

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a concrete spraying device in which a rotating arm is attached to the upper part of an arm for vertical movement via a rotating shaft, rotation that rotates around the center of a circle or an approximate circle of a sprayed curved surface as a rotating shaft. An arm, a swing arm that rotates and swings together with the swing arm and has a spray nozzle at the tip, and an arm for vertical movement configured such that the rotation axis of the swing arm moves up and down on a vertical line. Concrete spraying equipment consisting of: