JPS61127355A - Letter board for photographic typesetting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit the printing of natural consecutive letters to be performed by a method in which a guide number representing the feature of the beginning of writing, a guide number representing the feature of the ending of writing, or both the guide numbers are provided in a mirror letter form every Kana letter, and letters of same guide number are selected. CONSTITUTION:On a letter board, for every Kana letter representing one sound among 50 sounds, letters of type to be shown in the following are arranged. For the initial letter of consecutive top Kana letters, the end portion and extended line of writing are provided in types to be naturally connected to the following letter, e.g., five kinds of types, and one guide number to represent what group letter is connected with is added to near the lower part. The type of the writing start portion for letters positioned at the middle of Kana consecutive letters becomes one type every letter, and the type in the writing end portion becomes five kinds. The guide number 2 of the group belonging to the letters is added to near the upper part, and the guide number 3 to represent what group letters are connected is added to near the lower part. For the letter positioned at the end of the Kana consecutive letters, the type of the writing start portion is five kinds, and one guide number to represent the belonging group is added to the place near the upper part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dial for printing kana continuous text on a phototypesetting machine.

ψ) Technical background In typesetting, whether it is typesetting or phototypesetting, individual characters have the flexibility to be adapted to horizontal or vertical typesetting, or to any combination. This is the biggest advantage.

However, of course, kana continuous text can only be written vertically,
Its usage is also quite limited. Another problem is that the kana characters themselves have been drawn freely with a calligraphy brush since ancient times, and the shapes of the kana characters that make up the kana characters vary depending on the individual characters, making it difficult to decide on a specific type. I can't find anything in particular about it, and it seems that the individuality of the wealthy families was respected, so there may have been no idea of a continuous system as a general purpose.

If you were to turn this kana continuous text into a dial and print it out, the kana characters that make up the text would have different forms depending on the characters that precede and follow that character, and they would continue smoothly in any combination. When creating a dial like this, it is necessary to give different variations in the form of the starting and ending strokes so that each kana character is connected to all the kana characters, and the number of characters that must be placed on the dial is enormous. Therefore, it is practically difficult to implement.

Conventional dials for phototypesetting machines have independent characters arranged on them, and when creating sentences using these, it is possible to create text that is not affected by the format of adjacent characters. It was something. This is based on the advantage that, with such a configuration, each character placed on the dial can be printed in any combination.

For this reason, there are few techniques for printing consecutively with the preceding and succeeding characters, which is essential for printing continuous text. At the Award Creative Typeface Contest Exhibition, characters with a design that has lines connecting characters (continuous lines) and are printed as continuous characters were announced, and are also included in the same collection of works. I don't see any other example.

(c) Conventional technology and problems The letters of the design were faithfully copied from the collection of works of the 8th Ishii Award Creative Typeface Contest, and this is shown in Figure 5.

As seen in this example, the characters are unified at the center position on the virtual body line of both universities where the lines that connect the characters meet when printed, and their inclination angle is fixed at 45°. Therefore, it has the following problems. In other words, ■There is no sense of necessity as a continuous line in shorthand; rather, it appears to be just a line for connecting.

■In order to match the starting part or ending part to the continuous line of the uniform form,
The shape of the letters becomes unnatural, giving the reader a sense of discomfort.

■The size of the letters is uniform and at the same time equally spaced,
Because it has continuous lines at the same angle, the continuous lines stand out and it lacks the flowing rhythm characteristic of continuous lines. In addition, all of the continuous lines extending from this character are within the upper and lower ends of the virtual body, and depending on the feeding accuracy of the dial, there is a risk that the continuous lines may break at the part where they touch each other during printing.

As something similar to the present invention, there is a structure in which lines for printing ruled lines extend outside the virtual body when placed on the dial, but in this case they extend at right angles from the virtual body. Moreover, since the extending portion has a trapezoidal shape, there are the following problems in applying this technique to continuous lines of characters. That is, (1) If the continuous lines are not perpendicular to the ends of the virtual body, they cannot be connected naturally.

■ Although the continuous lines are visually broken in the continuous text, there are always partial veins that are connected due to the strokes of the brush, and in order to achieve this in printing, the characters with these continuous lines must be separated. It is necessary to print it out. When used in this way, with the present technology having a trapezoidal tip, the shapes of the large stroke part and the drawn part cannot be said to be natural, resulting in an unnaturally cut continuous piece.

Object of the Invention The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a dial for a phototypesetting machine that can print natural continuous lines.

g) Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of identical kana characters, each of which has the same starting part and a different ending part, for each kana character representing one of the 50 syllables. Each character is placed on the dial one by one, and each character has an extension line extending from the tip of the starting part, the ending part, or both, and each character has a characteristic of the starting part of that character. A guide number representing the character, a guide number representing the feature of the final stroke, or both are attached in mirror letters near the character so that it can be identified from the back of the character, and characters with the same guide number are ,
In the case of an extension line of the so-called writing part that extends from the writing part of the character in the opposite direction to the stroke direction, at the upper virtual body end of the character,
In addition, in the case of an extension line of the so-called end stroke part extending from the end stroke part in the stroke direction, the position of the extension line on the line where the upper virtual body end of the character to be printed next to that character touches during printing,
The structure was such that the angle of inclination and thickness were the same.

(F) Embodiments of the Invention Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

On the dial in this embodiment, characters in the following format are arranged for each kana representing one of the 50 syllables.

Is it the beginning of a 0 sequence? It is a character to be printed as the first character of a continuous line, and it forms a continuous line with the next character to be printed, so it has an extension line at the end of the stroke, but it has an extension line at the beginning of the stroke. There is no extension line. The end stroke part and its extension line have the following five types of forms that naturally connect to the next printed Kana character.

Belongs to the group of ■ (described later) Form connected to letters (Figure 2 A) Belongs to the group of ■ (described later) Form connected to letters (Figure 2B) Belongs to the group of ■ (described later) Form connected to letters (Figure 2 C) Belongs to the group of ■ (described later) Form connected to letters (Figure 2 D) Belongs to the group of ■ (described later) Form connected to letters (Fig. 2 E) Furthermore, each letter of the renzu kana is the number of groups near the bottom. Guide to connect to characters One number is attached.

I wonder if it's an O series... It's a character used to print the character located in the middle of a series (the second character if it's a three-character series, or the second or third character if it's four or more characters). It has both an extension line of the starting part to form a continuous line with the character printed before the character, and an extension line of the ending part to form a continuous line with the character to be printed next.

The form of the writing part is 1 for each character. This is the form mentioned above. belong to one of the groups.

Also, the shape of the final stroke is probably a series of heads. Similarly, any glue from ■ to ■ Connects naturally to letters belonging to groups It has 5 types of forms such as Ru.

Additionally, each letter has a Beside it, you can see which group the letter belongs to. Guide number indicating whether it is a character is attached. Near the bottom Connect to which group of letters There is a guide number that indicates There are two guide numbers for these guys. It is numbered.

0-sequence kana...A character used to print the character located at the end of a sequence, and has an extension line of the starting part that forms a continuous line with the character printed before the character, and There is no extension line of the brush stroke, so characters with a starting stroke form belonging to one of the groups ■~■ and a ending stroke shape unique to that character are arranged 1) in each of the 50 syllables.

Additionally, each letter has a Beside it, you can see which group the letter belongs to. Guide number indicating whether it is a character One is attached.

Above - For each kana sound, a total of 1) forms of characters are arranged: 5 forms of renma kana, 5 forms of renma kana, and 1 form of renyo kana.

Figure 1 shows a part of the dial on which the kana (kana) with extension lines of the starting and ending parts are arranged, and is a guide because it is a view from the back side of the surface that the operator sees when printing. The numbers are in mirror letters.

l is the dial, 2 is the guide number representing the starting point of the character, and 3
is a guide number representing the form of the final stroke.

With this, when some people try to print kana,
Check the guide number 2 indicating the starting part of the character to be printed next to that character, and select and print the character with the same guide number indicating the ending part. Universities are printed with smooth continuous lines. 4 represents a handakuten, and 5 and 5゛ represent a voiced mark.The only characters for handakuten are ba, bi, bu, be, bo, and since there are no characters with significantly different character widths, it is a virtual body (Fig. 2) 7) (to be described later) are uniformly arranged in one location. Dakuten 5 has a relatively narrow width and is a dakuon character (gi).

gu, go, za, ji, zo, ji, do), and 5゛ is used for other voiced sounds (ga, ge, zu, ze, da, zu, de).

It is arranged for use in ba, bi, bu, be, bo).

The method for printing handakuten and voiced characters using this dial is as follows. In other words, if there is a character in a sentence that requires a voiced or handakuten, first operate the voiced or handakuten at the printing position of that character, print it without operating the tooth feed device, and then print it. Later, by printing the character part of the voiced sound or half-voiced sound as usual, the voiced sound or half-voiced sound character is printed. In general, phototypesetting machines have a mechanism that allows you to select between shaft-only operation and printing and tooth-feeding at the same time with a single touch, so this dial configuration is possible. This is a device to reduce the number of characters on the dial, but if an increase in the number of characters is allowed, add one character each with a voiced or handakuten to the character structure described above. It is also possible to configure an additional arrangement.

Renma kana only lacks the extension line of the writing part, and the arrangement on the dial and printing method are the same as renma kana. Furthermore, continuous kana does not have an extension line at the end of the stroke and is not affected in form by the next character to be printed, so it is sufficient to select and print the character as it is.

6 is a number representing the number of feed teeth for fill printing in grade 16, and is used to create a sense of rhythm based on the size of the characters. That is, when printing characters arranged in a certain column, simply by turning on the closing printing mechanism, the characters are automatically advanced by the number assigned to the left of that column. In the figure, 7 represents the mark on the dial, and 8 represents the row on the dial.

In this embodiment, the maximum feed is 16 teeth, and when characters arranged in this stage are printed, the number of feed teeth becomes the same as the dimension of the virtual body line 9. For example, when "A" is printed, the number of feed teeth is the same as the size of the virtual body line 9 at the character width (16) unique to "A". In terms of dimensions on photographic paper, the number of feed teeth corresponds to the character series currently being printed. Similarly, when "I" is printed, the number of feed teeth is 1)/16 of the series.

Therefore, by arranging the characters to be printed on the dial according to the feed size, variations can be given to the vertical dimensions of the printed characters. In this example, as a result of famous handwriting analysis, this arrangement was found to be the closest to natural, and 16 teeth feed...A, U, Ke, So, Shi, Te, Na, Ne, Ha, Su, Re, E, Wo, 15 Tooth feed...ki, ku, ta, h, ma, mu, mo, yo, ro, n, 14 Tooth feed...e, su, chi, no, ha, fu, mi, yu, wa, y , 13-tooth feed...O, Ni, Nu, Me, Ra, 12-tooth feed...
・K, se, to, ya, ru, 1) Tooth feed...i, sa, tsu, 10 tooth feed...ka, to, toshi.

Next, to explain how to connect continuous lines smoothly using the continuous line kana as an example, the final stroke of each kana in the continuous line (which is also the connection to the next kana) is determined by the stroke of the next kana. Since this is fixed, kana characters with similar starting points, angles of inclination, etc. are written as <A-E as shown in Figure 2.
At the point where the extension line of the writing part touches the upper part of the virtual body line 9, the position, angle, and thickness are set to be the same for each group. Note that IO is a standard character, 1) is the center line, a is the length of the side of the virtual body, b is the width from the vertical center line, and h is the intersection of the upper line of the virtual body and the extension line of each group. represents the angle at which

■Group (letters whose writing is similar to Figure 2 A) Ah,
I, o, ka, ke, su, se, ta, tsu, te, na, ni, nu, ha, hi, he, ha, mu, ya, yu, ro, these are 22 characters e=
1/8a, h = 45°■ group (the writing part is shown in Figure 2B)
Characters close to) U, Ki, Ko, To, Ne, Fu, Ma, Mi, Me, Su, Re, Wa, I, E, \, Above 15 characters e=1/16a, h=75'■ Group (the writing part is vertically close to C in Figure 2) E, ku, shi, mo, yo, ra, Group of the above 6 characters (touching the center line to the left h = 90°)■ Group (the writing part is vertical) A group of 4 characters (h-45° to the left of the center line)■ 2) The above two characters (h-75° to the right of the center line), and as mentioned above, for all the kana characters, the extension lines of these five types of strokes and the virtual body. On line 9, the end stroke shapes are arranged so that the deviation from the center line, angle, and thickness are the same, so by selecting and printing the suitable one from among them, it is possible to create a smooth Continuous lines can be printed.

Furthermore, since the tip of the extension line extends outside the virtual body 9 as shown in FIG. 2, even if a slight deviation occurs due to machine precision, the continuous line will not break midway.

Next, a method for printing continuous fibers will be described using FIG.

First, when printing the character "i", check the guide ■ that represents the starting stroke of the character "ro" to be printed next, and then print the character "i" with the number 1 attached, which represents the same ending stroke. Select and print. By printing this, next
When the characters ``Ro'' are printed, connect them clearly as shown in the diagram. In addition, as a measure to prevent the continuous wires from breaking, the extension wires partially overlap at the connection points, so that connection accuracy can be maintained to the extent that even a slight deviation in feed cannot be recognized by normal character reading.

Here, J is the number of feed teeth (as shown in Figure 1).
1)), so when the character "I" is printed, it is fed by the distance rbJ corresponding to the number of feed teeth (1), and the upper virtual body line 9 of the next printed "RO" is aligned with that line. set in position. By repeating the same operations thereafter, it is possible to print a continuous material that is close to natural.

Each guide and the frame surrounding it are covered with a transparent red opaque, which is visible on the dial, but does not appear on the photographic paper when printed.

(g) Effects of the Invention According to the invention described above, it has become possible to print natural kana continuous fibers relatively easily. The individual effects can be summarized as follows: ■By connecting the kana characters with a continuous line that matches the special @ (position, direction) of the starting point, we can create a continuous line that closely approximates the movement of the brush in the joint signature. It is now possible to print.

■Since the shape of the final stroke is not forced into place, there are no unnaturally shaped letters.

■The relative size of each kana character in the continuous text is determined, and the size and character arrangement are matched to the phototypesetting machine's printing function, making printing itself easy and the size of the characters Not uniform or to the point.

It is now possible to print continuous lines with a sense of rhythm.

■Extension lines extending from the starting and ending parts of each kana character,
On the virtual body line that touches both characters, stones of a predetermined size are formed to form a continuous line, so even a slight error in feed accuracy will not break the continuous line, and even though each character is an independent character, it looks natural. It became possible to print a continuous material with continuous lines close to .

■ By preparing Renma kana, Renka kana, and Renyo kana, the first and last characters of the continuous text can now be printed without looking unnatural. In addition, when it comes to the actual continuous material, we cut the continuous material as appropriate, rather than connecting it in a mischievous manner, but it is possible to print on that part in the same way, making it possible to print with an even more natural feeling. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows a part of the dial according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows the relationship between the positions of five types of writing parts and the position and angle of continuous lines on the virtual body line, which is an embodiment of the present invention. represents,
Fig. 3 shows the relationship between characters, virtual bodies, and the number of feed teeth when printed using the dial of the present invention, Fig. 4 shows Japanese poems printed using the dial of the present invention, and Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the characters printed using the dial of the present invention, and Fig. 5, which is a conventional technique. As an example of characters with lines, this is a faithful copy from the collection of works from the 8th Kaisaku Ishiben Typeface Contest. l...Dial, 2...Guide number of writing section, 3...
・Guide number at the end of the stroke, 4...Handakuten, 5.5° ・
・・Dakuten, 6... Number of tooth feeds for fill printing, 7... Rows on the dial, 8... Rows on the dial, 9... Virtual body line, lO... Standard rate zura , 1)...center line, a
... Length of the side of the virtual body, b ... Feed width for fill printing, e ... Width from the vertical center line, h ... Between the top line of the virtual body and the extension line of each group Shows the angle at the intersection. Bore 51Kl -RiQQ-

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) For each kana character representing one of the 50 syllables, place multiple identical kana characters on the dial with the same starting part and different ending part shapes, and Each character has an extension line extending from the tip of the starting part, the ending part, or both, and each character has a guide number representing the feature of the starting part of the character or a guide representing the feature of the ending part. A number or both are attached in mirror letters near the character so that it can be identified from the back of the character, and characters with the same guide number are placed in the opposite direction from the writing direction of the character. In the case of an extension line of the so-called starting stroke part, the upper virtual body end of the character, and in the extension line of the so-called end stroke part extending from the end stroke part in the stroke direction, the next part of the character is printed. A dial face for a phototypesetting machine, characterized in that the position, angle of inclination, and thickness of the extension line are made to be the same on the line where the upper virtual body edge of the character to be printed touches. (2) The extension line of the writing part of the characters placed on the dial is
outward from the edge of the upper virtual body of the character, or outward from the position on the dial of the character where the extension line of the end stroke touches the upper virtual body of the character to be printed next to the character during printing, 2. A dial for a phototypesetting machine according to claim 1, wherein each dial extends in the shape of a warhead or a spearhead. (3) Each character placed on the dial has a fixed positional relationship between the upper end of the virtual body in which the character is placed and the upper face of the character, and Among the specific sizes of the dial, the vertical size determines the rows on the dial that are arranged, and the characters placed on one row are a group of characters with the same vertical size. 2. A dial face for a phototypesetting machine according to claim 1, wherein the center position of a character is shifted upward as the vertical width of the character becomes smaller.