JPS6112412A - King pin coupling device for coupler - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve reliably locked condition in a coupler for coupling between a tractor and a trailer, by constructing the coupling device for engaging/disengaging the king pin of trailer such that the retracted condition of a wedge chip under opening of main jaw is maintained through engagement of the wedge chip and a ratch member. CONSTITUTION:When receiving and coupling a king pin, the king pin (not shown) is received under the condition a shown on the drawing then an operating arm 8 is pushed by the king pin to rotate counter-clockwise around a pin 6. Consequently, a projection 10 will push the pin 9 of main jaw 5 to rotate said jaw 5 in same direction thus to hold the king pin. Then the stop/hold section 32 of main jaw 5 is engaged with the end section of second ratch member 27 to rotate said member 27 against a spring 29 thus to disengage a stopper chip 31 and a stop notch section 24. Consequently, a wedge chip 12 is advanced through a spring 15 to lock main jaw 5 thus to prevent removal of king pin reliably.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention relates to a tractor-trailer coupling device.

That is, the present invention relates to a kingpin connecting device for connecting and disconnecting the kingpin of a trailer in a fifth wheel coupler.

(Prior art) In the coupler, the device for connecting the king pin of the trailer has conventionally used a joint having an engagement recess for engaging the king pin. The format and 2
There are two types: a double jaw type, which has a structure in which the king pin is sandwiched between two jaws. In either type, the structure is such that a wedge piece prevents the opening of the opening and rotation of the opening in the open/closed state.
issue).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, in this kingpin coupling device, when the kingpin is in the locked state, the wedge piece prevents the rotation of the jaw and maintains the blocked state, and the kingpin In the detached state, the wedge piece must be retracted and maintained in the retracted position to prevent it from moving forward. Therefore, in the conventional device, the wedge piece is always given elastic force in the forward direction by spring elasticity, and when the wedge piece is in the retracted position, a notch is provided in the operating handle that operates the wedge piece to prevent the wedge piece from moving forward unnecessarily. The cut-out portion was configured to be locked to an operating handle guide member provided on the immovable portion of the coupler base. With this structure, the engagement and separation of the notch of the operating handle and the operating handle guide member must all be performed manually. Therefore, there is a problem in that a reliable locking state may not be achieved due to carelessness, or the timing of disengagement may be incorrect, and a reliable operation may not be obtained.

This invention automatically locks the wedge piece when it moves backward, that is, locks it to maintain the wedge piece in its retreated state, and also automatically moves the wedge piece forward. This was done for the purpose of increasing safety by ensuring that the king pin operates in a state where it is securely held by the jaw, thereby eliminating the risk of malfunction.

(Means for Solving the Problems) To solve this problem, the present invention provides a fixing jaw which is fixed approximately at the center of the coupler base and has an engagement recess for receiving the kingpin facing toward the rear guide path of the coupler base. The main jaw, which faces the fixed jaw and also has four retaining parts, is pivoted so that it can be rotated to open and close, and the main jaw is pivoted to a pivot pin that pivots this main jaw, and overlaps with the fixed jaw. An operating arm that rotates accordingly, a wedge piece to which a force is applied in the forward protruding direction by spring elasticity to ensure that the main jaw is in a closed state, and a locking notch formed in this wedge piece engages with the wedge piece. and a latch member having a locking protrusion that maintains the wedge piece in the retracted state, and the locking protrusion of the latch member and the locking notch of the wedge piece are connected to each other at the final position of the closing operation of the main door. The latch member is characterized in that a latch holding portion is formed on the main shaft to engage and displace the latch member in order to release the engagement.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 indicated by imaginary lines in the figure is a coupler base, and a hole for inserting a king pin (not shown) is formed in the center of the base in the same way as in known couplers. A guide path 2 for guiding the king pin is formed at the rear of the fitting hole, which is connected to the fitting hole and widens toward the rear.

In the figure, reference numeral 3 denotes a fixed jaw for receiving the kingpin, which is positioned immediately in front of the kingpin insertion hole and fixed to the coupler base 1, with its engagement recess 4 facing the insertion hole. In the figure, reference numeral 5 denotes a main jaw provided opposite to the fixed jaw 3, which is rotatably supported by a pivot pin 6, and whose engagement recess 7 is connected to the engagement recess 4 of the fixed jaw 3. It was like holding Kingpin in his arms.

In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes an operating arm pivotally supported by the pivot pin 6, which is positioned so as to overlap the fixed jaw 3 when the main jaw 5 is closed, and a projecting piece that engages with a pin 9 protruding from the main jaw 5. 10 is provided. That is, when the main arm 5 is pushed by the king pin and rotates clockwise around the pivot pin 6 in the figure, the protrusion 10 is pushed by the pin 9, and the operating arm 8 also rotates around the pivot pin 6. so that it rotates clockwise.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a loose member fixed in front of the fixed jaw 3 marked - at a higher height than the fixed jaw 3, and is adapted to receive the actuating arm 8, so that the impact when the king pin is inserted is absorbed by the actuating arm 8. It is intended to be absorbed through the body.

In the figure, reference numeral 12 denotes a wedge piece, which locks the closed state of the main jaw 5, and is guided by guide members 13 and 14 provided on the coupler base 1, and is slidable in the left and right directions. This wedge piece 12 is given an elastic force in the direction of protrusion so as to be in a locked state in which the main jaw 5 is locked by the expansion elasticity of the spring 15. Reference numeral 16 denotes a swinging link, the center position of which is pivoted 17 on the coupler base l, one end of which is connected to the wedge piece 12 with a pin 18, the other end of which is similarly connected to the operating lever 20 with a pin 19, and the operating lever 20 is By pulling the wedge piece 12, the wedge piece 12 is pulled in against the expansion elasticity of the spring 15, thereby releasing the locked state of the main jaw 5.

The respective joint surfaces 21.2 of this wedge piece 12 and the main jaw 5
2, the joint surface 22 of the wedge piece 12 is an inclined surface so as to be tapered, and the closing position of the main door 5 can be determined by the locking position of the wedge piece 12. Adjustment is performed by a known position-adjustable stopper pin 23. Also, in order to secure the retracted position, this wedge piece I2 is formed with locking notches 24 and 25 for locking a latch, which will be described later. 26 and 2
7 is a pair of latch members, each of which is pivoted at its center position on the coupler base 1, pulled by a spring 28, 29 at opposite ends, and has a locking protrusion 30, 31 at the end opposite to the spring. The locking protrusion 30 of the first latch member 26 engages with a locking notch 25 formed at an intermediate position of the wedge piece 12, and the locking protrusion 30 of the first latch member 26 engages with a locking notch 25 formed at an intermediate position of the wedge piece 12. The locking protrusion 31 is adapted to engage with a locking notch 24 formed at the tip of the wedge piece 12.

The main door 5 has a lock holding portion 32 that holds one end of the second latch member 27 when the main door is closed, and the holding action is released when the main door is opened. And the locking protrusion 3 of the first latch member 21
0 and the locking notch 25, the actuation arm 8, which rotates in response to the opening operation of the main jaw 5, engages with the first latch member 26.
It can be released by kicking the end opposite to the locking protrusion 30.

(Operation) The operation of the apparatus of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration will be explained below.

In Figure 1, Kingpin is held by Jiyou 5,
The state in which the main shaft 5 is locked by the wedge piece 12 is shown. To release the king pin from this state, first pull the operating lever 20 to the left in FIG.
is pulled toward the right in the figure against the elasticity of the spring 15. When the wedge piece 12 is fully retracted, the locking notch 25 engages the locking protrusion 30 of the first latch member 26.
When the latch member 26 reaches the position, the latch member 26 is given a rotational tendency by the spring 28 in the direction in which the locking protrusion 30 engages with the locking notch 25, so that the locking protrusion 30 and the locking notch 25 are rotated. portion 25 automatically locks to prevent the wedge piece 12 from protruding and maintain its retracted state (as shown in the second figure).

When the kingpin is pulled out from this state upward and downward in the figure, the main jaw 5 is pushed by the kingpin, and this main jaw 5 is moved to the third position.
It is rotated clockwise around the pivot pin 6 in the figure. As shown in FIG. 4, the king pin will be removed when the main lever 5 is sufficiently rotated. In this process, as shown in FIG. 3, the second latch member 27 held by the locking and holding part 32 of the main jaw 5 is released from its holding action, so that it receives the traction force of the spring 29 and moves to the third latch member 27.
As shown in the figure, it rotates counterclockwise around the shaft support 33, and the locking protrusion 31 can engage with the locking notch 24 of the wedge piece 12. As shown in FIG. 4, when the main jaw 5 is sufficiently rotated, the actuating arm that rotates with the main jaw 5 connects the end of the spring 28 of the first latch member 26 with the spring 28. The locking protrusion 30 and the locking notch 25 are disengaged by pushing against the traction force.

However, in this state, the locking protrusion 31 of the second latch member 27
As a result of the engagement between the locking notch 24 and the locking notch 24, the wedge piece 12 still maintains the retracted state (as shown in the fourth figure).

Next, the function of receiving and connecting the king pin will be explained. That is, when the king pin is detached, the device of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 4. When the kingpin is received here, the operating arm 8 is pushed by the kingpin and rotated counterclockwise about the upper pivot pin 6 in FIG. Jiyou 5 is also rotated in the same direction, and it begins to hold the kingpin. Then, with the kingpin fully received, the locking holding part 32 of the main jaw 5 engages with the end of the second latch member 27, and the second latch member 27 is held against the pulling force of the spring 29. It rotates to release the engagement between the locking protrusion 31 and the locking notch 24 . As a result, the locking and restraining action on the wedge piece 12 is released, so the wedge piece 12 protrudes forward due to the expansion elasticity of the spring 15, and the main jaw 5
lock. Therefore, there is no risk that Kingpin will be overthrown.

On the other hand, when the king pin is received, the enlarged diameter portion of the lowermost end presses the actuating arm 8, and the actuating arm 8 that receives this pressing action is received by the buffer member 11 and absorbs the impact. Therefore, when the king pin collides with the fixed jaw 3, the impact will not be transmitted to the driver's seat, and there is no risk of damaging the fixed jaw or the coupler base.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the device of the present invention includes a fixed jaw which is fixed at a substantially central position of the coupler base and whose engagement recess for receiving the king pin is disposed toward the rear guide path of the coupler base; The main jaws that face each other and have the same engagement recess and are pivoted so that they can be rotated to open and close, and the main jaws are pivotally supported by the pivot pin that pivots the main jaws and overlap with the fixed jaws, and rotate with the raw jaws. The actuating arm is engaged with a wedge piece to which a force is applied in the forward protrusion direction by spring elasticity to ensure the closed state of the main door, and a locking notch formed in this wedge piece. a latch member having a locking protrusion that maintains the wedge piece in a retracted state, and the locking protrusion of the latch member and the locking notch of the wedge piece engage with each other at the final closing position of the main door. The main door is characterized by a locking holding part that engages and displaces the latch member in order to release the main door. This is ensured by the engagement between the locking notch of the wedge piece, which cannot be operated from the side, and the locking protrusion of the latch member, so there is no risk of this retracted state being released unnecessarily.On the other hand, in the closing operation of the main shutter, At the final position, the locking and holding part of the main jaw operates the latch member to release the restraining action of the wedge piece.
This wedge piece automatically protrudes forward and locks the main door in its closed state, so you don't have to worry about forgetting to lock the main door.
A locked state can be obtained reliably. Therefore, it has the advantage of being a highly secure coupling device.

In addition, in the present invention, a buffer member is fixed in the front position of the fixed jaw to receive the actuating arm, so it absorbs the shock when receiving the king pin, alleviates the shock when connecting the king pin, and eliminates the risk of damage to the fixed jaw or the base plate. It also has the advantage that it can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings schematically show the device of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the device in its closed state and locked by a wedge piece, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which the wedge piece is retracted. , FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the initial state of detachment of the kingpin,
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which the king pin is fully removed, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the main part.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) a fixed jaw fixed at a substantially central position of the coupler base and having an engaging recess for receiving the king pin arranged toward the rear guide path of the coupler base; and an engaging recess facing the fixed jaw; A main door that is pivotably supported to be able to open and close, an operating arm that is supported by a pivot pin that pivots the main door, overlaps the fixed door, and rotates with the main door; A wedge piece to which a force is applied in the forward protruding direction by spring elasticity to ensure the closed state is engaged with a locking notch formed in this wedge piece to maintain the retracted state of the wedge piece. a latch member provided with a protruding piece, the latch member being engaged to release the engagement between the locking protrusion of the latch member and the locking notch of the wedge piece at the final position of the closing operation of the main jaw; 1. A king pin connecting device for a coupler, characterized in that a locking and holding portion that operates to be displaced is formed on the main shaft. (2) having a fixed jaw fixed at approximately the center position of the coupler base and having an engaging recess for receiving the kingpin arranged toward the rear guide path of the coupler base; and an engaging recess facing the fixed jaw; A main door that is pivotably supported to be able to open and close, an operating arm that is supported by a pivot pin that pivots the main door, overlaps the fixed door, and rotates with the main door; A wedge piece to which a force is applied in the forward protruding direction by spring elasticity to ensure the closed state is engaged with a locking notch formed in this wedge piece to maintain the retracted state of the wedge piece. a latch member provided with a protruding piece, the latch member being engaged to release the engagement between the locking protrusion of the latch member and the locking notch of the wedge piece at the final position of the closing operation of the main jaw; 1. A king pin connecting device for a coupler, characterized in that a locking and holding part that operates to displace is formed on the main jaw, and a buffer member for receiving the operating arm is fixedly provided at a position in front of the fixed jaw.