JPS61116959A - Single-phase semiconductor motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce Joule loss and improve efficiency, by generating complex torque due to a magnet rotor and a magnetic substance rotor, and by arranging the torque due to the magnetic substance rotor at the peak when the torque due to the magnet rotor is zero. CONSTITUTION:A rotary shaft 1 is supported by bearings 1a, 1b to be freely rotated, and is fitted on a cylindrical supporting unit 3 set in a main unit 2. A fixed armature 4 is press-fixed to the cylindrical supporting unit 3, and the unit 3 is formed with salient poles 5a-6d and armature coils 7a-7d. And a magnet rotor 8 is formed with magnetic poles at the opening angle of 90 deg. and is fixed inside a cup-formed soft iron rotor 9. And inside the rotor 9, the outside of a ring-formed magnetic substance rotor 10 forming salient poles 10a-10d inside is fixed. And the position of the magnet rotor 8 is detected by a hole IC11. And when the torque of the magnet rotor 8 is zero, then, the torque of the magnetic substance rotor 10 is set at the peak and sufficient torque is generated, and poor starting can be avoided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a DC semiconductor motor equipped with a gunnet rotor.

The object of the present invention is to obtain an electric motor of this type suitable for use as an electric fan, especially when an external rotor type electric motor is used.

Although the l-phase semiconductor motor has a simplified configuration and can be manufactured at low cost, it requires special means to start automatically. As a means of self-starting, the magnetic rotor's magnetic poles are N and S poles.

A main pole and a complementary pole are provided on the fixed armature, and a set of armature coils is energized so that the width of the magnetic pole by the fixed armature is different between the N pole and the S pole. Set the width of torque generation to tgo degrees or more in electrical angle, and switch the energization to the other 7
By energizing the armature coils of the set and making the width of the magnetic pole by the fixed armature different between the N pole and the S pole, the width of torque generation in a predetermined direction is set to tgo degrees or more in electrical angle. There is a method that uses a coil to eliminate the dead center, but it is only possible to energize one way, and it is impossible to energize both ways.

Therefore, compared to reciprocating energization, the utilization rate of the armature fill is half, so the starting torque is half, resulting in poor efficiency.

) As a means for self-starting, when the torque generated by the armature coil is zero, there is a means to generate torque in a predetermined direction by coking torque to eliminate the dead center. In this case, one-way energization or two-way energization is possible as the energization method, but when the torque generated by the armature coil is zero, the reverse induced voltage also becomes zero, and the same current flows as at startup, and all of the current flows without contributing to torque generation. It has the disadvantage of poor efficiency due to joule loss. Furthermore, since it is self-started by coking torque, it becomes unable to start when the friction torque increases, which has the drawback of causing an unexpected accident. Furthermore, since the torque ripple is large, electric magnetic noise is generated, and there is a drawback that it cannot be used as a drive source that requires flat λ torque characteristics.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention achieves self-starting by using the combined torque of the torque caused by the fixed armature and the magnetic rotor, and the torque caused by the barrier pull reluctance of the fixed armature and the magnetic rotor. This made it possible.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a rotating shaft 1 is rotatably supported by a shaft bearing.

The rotating shaft is supported by ball bearings /a and /AiC press-fitted into a cylindrical support J installed in the main body.

Further, the central hole of the stationary armature is press-fitted into the cylindrical support J. The armature is made by a well-known method of cutting and laminating thin magnetic plates (silicon steel plates) with shape symbols & and A shown in the figure.

Sudden! α, 6α,! b, &A,...K are armature coils α, ?, respectively. A,... are installed.

The magnet rotor t is composed of magnetic poles with an opening angle of 90 degrees, and is fixed inside the rotor d, which is a cup-shaped mild steel layer. A rotating shaft l is fixed to the center of the upper surface of the rotor D by a well-known method. The magnet rotor g has a ring-like shape, and its N and S magnetic pole surfaces face the salient poles 4a, Ah, &e, and A& with a slight gap interposed therebetween.

The inner side of the ring-shaped magnetic rotor 10 is a salient pole 10a.

10b, 10e, and 10d, and the outside is fixed to the inside of the rotor 9. Salient poles 10a, 10b, 10 inside the magnetic rotor 10
Q, 10 d becomes a salient pole through a small gap, a,!
b, 3e,! It faces d.

This is a Hall IC that detects the position of the magnet rotor g. Next, FIG. 2 will be explained. The same symbols as in FIG. 1 indicate the same members and the same effects.

Figure 2 (,) shows the magnet rotor t and the magnetic rotor IO.
This is a developed view, showing a view from the inside.

Fig. 2(b) Salient pole j a , 6 a , ! b
, A b , - is a developed view from the outside, with a salient pole! r
G,! ; b... is the magnetic rotor 1 through a slight air gap.
0 salient pole 10a.

10b, . . .K are opposed to each other, and the magnetic poles gα, nisu, .
・It is facing -.

Hall IC//ke salient pole 5A and salient pole SL? The magnetic rotor t faces the magnetic poles tα, gb, . . . via gaps so that the magnetic flux of the magnet rotor t penetrates the Hall IC.

FIG. 3 shows a drive circuit for the armature coils α, squirrel, etc., and the same symbols as in FIGS. 1 and 1 indicate the same members and the same functions and effects.

FIG. 3(,) is an example in which one-way energization is performed.

Since the Hall IC 7l is configured to be at one high level when it is under the magnetic field of the S pole, the tiger/distaco l conducts and the armature coil l becomes the DC power supply Jl) a, J
l) Power is applied from A. At this time, the transistor becomes non-conductive, so the armature coil B is not energized.

When the Hall IC/l is under an N-pole magnetic field and its output becomes a low level, the conduction of transistors 2/n alternates and only the armature coil B is energized.

Armature coil A and Eh are respectively armature coil 7 in Fig. 1.
m, 7e and armature coils 7b, 7d. Salient poles of the armature coils are energized by energization of the armature coils 7a, 7b, . . .! a,&a,! ;b, I-b, -
・- is configured to correspond to the N pole and 11 points.

FIG. 1 is a developed view for explaining torque generation of the salient poles and magnetic poles shown in FIG. 1;

@q The state in figure (a) is the salient poles 5α, 6a, and
! ;b, l-b, .=, magnetic poles and salient poles 10a, 10h.

. . . indicates the relative position of Ω, and the state of FIG. 9(b) shows the case where the magnet rotor has rotated qo degrees in the direction of the arrow.

＠D figure
Since this is the point where the armature coil 7α starts to enter the
7a is energized, and the salient poles jg, 4a, je
, Aa ke N pole, salient pole s b.

A b,! ; d, bt magnetically definite south pole is generated.

At the same time, I hit gjg again! H,! re, rd and salient i.

Due to the attractive forces of a, 10b, 10e, and 10d, torque in the direction of the arrow is generated in the magnet rotor, causing it to rotate in the same direction. When the magnet rotor g rotates u, j degrees, the above-mentioned torque is converted into a counter torque, but at this time, the magnetic poles α, gh, ... and the salient pole 6α
, 6b, . . . is generated in the direction of the arrow, the magnet rotor is further driven in four directions, and the fjSt diagram (
, ) is rotated by qo degrees, resulting in the state shown in Figure 1 (b). That is, in FIG. 7, it rotates qo degrees in the direction of the arrow.

Therefore, since the Hall IC enters under the magnetic field of the N pole, its output becomes a low level, and the armature coils 7b and 7t
Since t is energized, the salient pole sh.

Ah! cl, 4dd N pole, and all other salient poles are converted to S poles. For exactly the same reason as in the case mentioned above, sudden! a,!
;b,! e,! d and salient pole 10d, /θα.

/fl) h, /Q between e and the salient pole &a, Ah,
Attraction between 4e, &d and magnet @td, ga, KA, re.

Due to the repulsive force, the magnet rotor receives a driving torque in the direction of the arrow, and continues to rotate in the same direction.

The time chart in FIG. 5 shows the torque curve mentioned above. Symbols JOa, JOb, . . . magnetic poles gα, Nisu, . . . and salient poles 6α, 6b.

Due to the rotational torque caused by..., there is one dead center per rotation. Naturally, this alone does not allow self-starting, and the large pull torque causes electromagnetic noise. Salient pole 5α of the torque curve 31 in Figure 9,! A...
It shows the torque due to attraction and repulsion due to salient poles 10a, 104°, etc. Torque song #JOα, 30
The position of the zero point (dead center) of b, . . . is the peak value. Therefore, the resultant torque curve is shown by the symbol J. Therefore, a flat torque is generated.

In FIG. 3(b), the armature coils 7α, 7h, . . . are energized simultaneously to perform reciprocating energization. In FIG. 3D, since the salient pole magnetized to the S pole is excited to the S pole by the armature coil, the rotational operation is the same as that for one-way energization, so a description thereof will be omitted.

When the Hall IC // becomes an S-pole magnetic field and the Hall IC 1l becomes high level, the transistor 26 becomes conductive, the transistor 26 becomes conductive, the transistor 26 becomes non-conductive, and the transistor 26 becomes conductive.

Since the transistor conducts, the transistor/distaco becomes non-conductive. Therefore, the armature coil C is energized in the direction L, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 9(a). Further, when the hall tcii is under the N-pole magnetic field and the hall IC // becomes low level, the transistor tcii becomes non-conductive and the transistor tcii becomes conductive. Since the transistor is conductive, the transistor is conductive. Since the transistor becomes conductive, six transistors become non-conductive.

Therefore, the armature coils C and L are energized in the opposite direction, resulting in the state shown in Fig. 3(b).

For the examples, salient pole &a, Ah, ... and magnetic pole 1a
, tb, ... are the same number of poles, but even if the other numbers (for example, λgs, 6, or the number of shafts) are different, as long as the positions of the salient poles are in the same phase, the objective can be achieved. can be achieved. Of course, the response was sudden! α, rb,・
...and the salient pole 10a.

Able to achieve clear objectives.

In this embodiment, the magnetic rotor 10 and the magnet)
A gap is provided between the rotor t and the magnet:
) The magnetic flux around the rotor is prevented from being reduced by the magnetic rotor /θ, but the object of the present invention can be achieved without providing an air gap. Further, the gap portion may be a spacer as long as it is made of a non-magnetic material. Also, when the magnetic flux from the armature coils 7a, 74°... passes through the armature O, passes through the entire armature, and passes through the magnetic rotor 10, the armature 5.
Since eddy current loss occurs in the armatures 5 and 6, a synthetic torque is generated between the gap between the armatures 5 and 6, which is separated by a non-magnetic material, and the barrier pull reluctance torque caused by the magnetic rotor. When the torque generated by the magnetic rotor is zero, the torque generated by the magnetic rotor reaches a peak torque in a predetermined direction. Since the torque due to barrier pull reluctance does not depend on the direction of energization of the armature coil, dead points are eliminated.

When the reverse induced voltage of the magnetic rotor is zero, the reverse induced voltage due to the magnetic rotor reaches its peak, which suppresses the armature current and reduces Joule loss, resulting in good efficiency and the torque of the magnetic rotor. When the torque is zero, the torque of the magnetic rotor reaches its peak, and sufficient torque can be generated, so even when the frictional torque increases, no starting failure will occur. In addition, it is possible to perform not only one-way energization but also round-trip energization, so the starting torque can be doubled.
The effect is significant because it can increase efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 (,) and (h) are explanatory diagrams of the device of the present invention;
The figure is also an explanatory diagram of the salient pole and magnetic pole, FIG. 3 (α). (A) is the armature coil energization control circuit diagram, Figure 4 (α)
. (A) A developed view of the salient pole and the magnetic pole, and FIG. 3 shows a time chart of the output torque curve. t... Magnet rotor, 9... Mild steel rotor, lθ... Ring-shaped magnetic rotor, //...
・Hall tC, ko/, U2, 2J, ko*, a,
#...Transistor, 30a,
JOb, JOc, J17d, J/,
JJ - Torque curve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a one-phase semiconductor electric motor, a magnetic rotor is rotatably supported on a main body by a rotating shaft and a bearing, and is provided with n (n is an even number) N and S magnetic poles. , B. A magnetic rotor that is placed in parallel with the magnetic rotor and rotates synchronously and has salient poles; C. Salient poles facing the aforementioned magnetic rotor; and salient poles facing the aforementioned magnetic rotor. D. an armature coil for exciting the salient poles of the fixed armature; E. a position detection device for detecting the position of the magnet rotor; F. a position detection device for detecting the position of the magnet rotor; an energization control circuit that switches the energization of the armature coil according to the output; A one-phase semiconductor electric motor characterized by comprising: an arrangement device for arranging a magnet rotor and a magnetic rotor so that the magnet rotor and the magnetic rotor are arranged so that