JPS61112404A - Phased array antenna system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain inexpensive constitution and to reduce weight and size by using a non-polarization wave switching bit phase shifter in common with respect to two elements antennas in pairs. CONSTITUTION:An input from a point P is divided into four by a 4-distributor 4 and inputted to digital phase shifters 5a-5d. The digital phase shifters 5a-5d consists of the non-polarized wave switching phase shifters 51, 52 of 22.5 deg. or 45 deg. bit used in common for two element antennas used as a pair, a 2-distributor 57, and polarized wave switching 90 deg. and 180 deg. bit phase shifters 53, 54, 55, 56 provided with each element antenna. The digital phase shifters 5a-5d are subjected to phase shift to direct a beam in a desired direction in response to the bit set thereto and subjected to phase shift to synthesize a desired polarized wave and the radiation in conducted from element antennas 11a-14b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a phased array antenna device capable of polarization switching.

[Conventional technology]

Figure 5 shows the magazine Microevave Journal.
1^Rey published in October 1981 issue, P25
"Iew of Array Ra-dars" Fig
This is a rewrite of 21 with the same functionality.0
In the figure, 11 to 14 are element antennas, and the a group and b group of the element antennas 11 to 14 are arranged so as to be spatially orthogonal to each other. Also 21a, 21b~2
4a.

24b is a digital phase shifter, an example of its configuration is shown in FIG. Note that 31 to 34 are two-way dividers, and 4 is a four-way divider.

FIG. 6 shows the internal configuration of the digital phase shifter in FIG.
Here, an example of the configuration of the 4-bit digital phase shifter 21a is shown. In the figure, 211 to 214 are each 22.5°
These are 45° bit, 90° bit, and 180° bit phase shifters. In addition, other digital phase shifters 21t) to 24
b is also configured in the same way.

These bit phase shifters advance or delay the phase shift of an input signal by being turned on by an external control signal, and are composed of, for example, two changeover switches and two lines provided between them. , these two lines have different line lengths.

Next, the operation will be explained. The radio wave input from point P is divided into four parts by the four-way divider 4, and each of the divided outputs is further divided into two parts by two parts 531-34, and reaches the digital phase shifters 21a-24b. This phase shifter 21a~
24b, after phase setting is performed to direct the combined beam in a desired direction, the element antennas lla~
14b.

Now, in this phased array antenna device,
Phase shifters of group a of phase shifters 21a to 24a, and phase shifters 21b to 24
By combining the settings of the 90° bit and 180° bit phase shifter of group b phase shifter as shown in Figure 7, it is possible to switch to four polarizations: horizontal, vertical, right-handed, and left-handed. It is.

In FIG. 7, a - mark indicates that the phase setting for beam pointing is not changed, and a circle mark indicates that a new change is made. However, for circularly polarized waves, if the 90° bit is already set to 90°, it is necessary to change the setting for the 180° focus of the same group at the same time.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The conventional phased array antenna device is configured as described above, and has disadvantages such as being expensive and increasing weight and dimensions because a phase shifter is connected to each element antenna to switch the polarization. was there.

The present invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional antenna device, and provides a phased array antenna device that can be constructed at low cost and that can reduce two dimensions of weight.

[Means for solving problems]

In the phased array antenna device according to the present invention, a non-polarization switching bit phase shifter is shared by two element antennas constituting one set.

[Effect]

In this invention, since the non-polarization switching bit phase shifter is shared by two element antennas forming one set,
Therefore, the number of bit phase shifters can be reduced by 9 minutes.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a phased array antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, lla to 14b are element antennas, 4 is a four-way divider, and 5a to 5d are digital phase shifters of the device of this embodiment.

An embodiment of this phase shifter is shown in FIG. In Figure 2, 53.54 and 55.56 are 90° and 180° bit phase shifters for polarization switching provided for each element antenna, and 51.52 are two element antennas forming one set. 57 is a two-way divider. The figure shows phase shifter 5.
Although only phase shifter a is shown, the other phase shifters 5b to 5d are similarly configured.

Next, the operation will be explained. The radio wave input from point P is divided into four parts by a four-way divider 4, and is then divided into four parts by digital phase shifters 5a to 4.
Reach 5d. This four-way distribution output undergoes a phase shift to direct the beam in a desired direction and a phase shift to synthesize a desired polarized wave in accordance with the bits sent to it in this digital phase shifter, and the element antennas lla to
14b.

In this way, according to this embodiment, the bit phase shifters for non-polarization switching such as 45° and 22.5° are made common, and the 2-divider and the 90° and 180' bit phase shifters are all made into one.
In the above embodiment, the element antennas lla and 11b are arranged separately, but they are arranged so that the two linearly polarized waves are spatially orthogonal. For example, as shown in Figure 3 (a
l, (Two element antennas la and lb may be overlapped as shown in bl.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the composite polarization is a horizontal polarization and a vertical polarization, but the polarization to be combined is not limited to the horizontal and vertical polarization. polarization 2
It goes without saying that as long as the two electric fields EA and EB are orthogonal, each polarized wave may have an arbitrary slope.

In addition, although we have described an antenna using a linear antenna as the element antenna, this element antenna can be used, for example, in Fig. 4 (
As shown in a), (b), and (C), the circular horn 7
, rectangular horn9. The diagonal horn 10 may be connected to something capable of orthogonal power feeding, such as a polarization splitter 8.

Furthermore, the phase shifter is not limited to 4 bits;
Other numbers of bits may be used, and for example 11.25°, 22.5°, 45° for 5 bits and 5.625', 11.25 for 6 bits.
'.

22.5° and 45° bit phase shifters can be shared,
In short, components other than the 90° and 180° bift phase shifters can be used in common.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, phase shifters other than both 90° and 180° bift phase shifters were shared, but horizontally polarized waves were used.

If switching only vertical polarization, everything except the 180° Bift phase shifter can be used in common, and if switching between linear polarization, right-handed circular polarization, and left-handed circular polarization, a 90° Bift phase shifter can be used. Everything else can be shared.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the phased array antenna device according to the present invention, the focus phase shifter for non-polarization switching is shared by two element antennas, so that the number of bit phase shifters is reduced to half. This has the effect of reducing the cost and weight in two dimensions.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a phased array antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a digital phase shifter used in the device of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the element antenna of Fig. 1. 4 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the element antenna of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a conventional polarization-switchable phased array antenna device, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the digital phase shifter shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the settings of each bit for polarization switching in the device shown in FIG. 5. In the figure, 11 to 14 are element antennas, 4 is a distributor,
5 is a digital phase shifter, 51.52 is a 22.5° bit, 45° bift phase shifter (bit phase shifter for non-polarization switching),
53.54 and 55.56 are 90” bits and 180°
This is a bit phase shifter (a bit phase shifter for polarization switching). Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or equivalent parts.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a polarization-switchable phased array antenna device configured with a pair of two mutually orthogonal element antennas as a unit, a bit phase shifter for polarization switching is provided for each element antenna, and non-polarization switching is performed. 1. A phased array antenna device, characterized in that a bit phase shifter is shared by the pixel antenna. (2) The polarization switching bit phase shifter includes a 180° bit phase shifter, a 90° phase shifter, or a 180° bit phase shifter and a 90° bit phase shifter, and the non-polarized wave The switching bit phase shifter includes a 45° bit phase shifter, a 22.5° bit phase shifter, ..., and a (360°/2^n) bit phase shifter (n is an integer of 3 or more). Features a phased array antenna device.