JPS61102335A - Braking device for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make constant car-to-car distant running possible to be done as well as to aim at improvements in driving safety, by installing a car-to-car distance controlling device which operates a braking device at a time when the detected car-to-car distance becomes smaller than the setting one as much as more than the specified value. CONSTITUTION:At a front end part of a car body, there is provided with a car-to-car distance detecting sensor 21 in the forward direction, which detects a car-to-car distance of up to a preceding car ahead with ultrashort waves or electric waves, and the signal is outputted to a control unit 20. On the other hand, a car-to-car distance setter 22, which inputs the setting car-to-car distance, is installed in an instrument panel of a driver's seat and the detection signal is outputted to the control unit 20 as well. In addition, there is provided with an automatic braking modulator 11 for operating a braking device 2 automatically by control of the control unit 20 at a time when the detected car-to-car distance L becomes smaller than the setting one L0 as much as more than the specified value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a braking device for a vehicle equipped with a constant speed running device.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, vehicles equipped with a constant-speed traveling device, that is, an auto-cruise means, which controls the speed of the vehicle so that it travels at a constant speed at a set vehicle speed, have already been widely put into practical use. Therefore, there is no particular problem in controlling acceleration when the vehicle speed decreases, but when the vehicle speed exceeds, braking is only performed using the engine brake, which is extremely inadequate in terms of braking performance.

For example, when going down a long downhill slope at a constant speed, such as on a road in a mountainous area, engine braking alone will not provide enough braking force, so the brake pedal must be operated to apply the brakes. Furthermore, even when the distance to the preceding vehicle suddenly decreases, there is a problem in that the driver must operate the brake pedal to apply braking in the same way as described above.

In addition, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-1921) No. 4, the actual vehicle speed is
When the vehicle speed drops by a predetermined value or more from the set vehicle speed, and the signal output to maintain constant speed travel at the set vehicle speed is at its maximum, the gear of the automatic transmission is downshifted so that the vehicle can continue traveling at the set speed. In addition, although a constant speed driving device for a vehicle has been described in which constant speed driving control is canceled when a signal is output from a brake switch, the above-mentioned problems still remain unsolved.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a braking device for a vehicle that can control the inter-vehicle distance to a preceding vehicle by linking with a constant speed traveling device. shall be.

(Structure of the Invention) As shown in the functional block diagram of FIG. 1, the braking device for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a constant speed traveling device that controls the speed so that the vehicle travels at a constant speed set by a vehicle speed setting operation. In a vehicle having a vehicle, a brake operating means is provided to operate a brake device on a wheel in accordance with a running state number of the vehicle, a following distance detecting means for detecting a following distance to a preceding vehicle, and a following distance setting means for inputting a set following distance. an inter-vehicle distance that receives signals from the inter-vehicle distance detection means and the inter-vehicle distance setting means and outputs a signal to actuate the brake device to the brake activation means when the detected inter-vehicle distance becomes smaller than the set inter-vehicle distance by a predetermined value or more. A control means is provided.

(Effects of the Invention) In the present invention, when the inter-vehicle distance control means receives signals from the inter-vehicle distance detection means and the inter-vehicle distance setting means and the detected inter-vehicle distance becomes smaller than the set inter-vehicle distance by a predetermined value or more, the inter-vehicle distance control means operates the brake operating means to control the inter-vehicle distance. Since the brake device is activated, braking can be automatically applied so that the distance between vehicles becomes at least an appropriate distance.

In addition, it is easy to configure the vehicle distance control means to output a signal to the constant speed traveling device so that when the detected vehicle distance becomes larger than the set vehicle distance by a predetermined value or more, the constant speed traveling device accelerates. By linking the braking device and the constant speed traveling device in this manner, it is possible to travel at a constant distance between vehicles.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 2 shows the constant speed running device, anti-skid throat device, and
This shows the overall configuration of the braking system of the system, in which each wheel 1 is provided with a hydraulic brake device 2, and a mask cylinder 4 driven by a brake pedal 3 and the brake cylinder of each brake device 2 are connected by an oil path 5. Connected.

Further, in order to supply hydraulic pressure to the anti-skid device and the automatic braking device, a hydraulic pressure supply device 6 consisting of a reservoir 7, a pump 8, and an accumulator 9 is provided. and the automatic braking modulator 1) of the automatic braking device are connected.

The anti-skin tomulator 10 includes, for example, an anti-skid control valve 12 and a hydraulic pressure regulator 13. The hydraulic pressure regulator 13 is connected to the middle of the oil passage 5 as shown in the figure, and is connected to the mask cylinder 4. A check valve 16 provided in an oil passage between the first boat 14 connected to the brake device 2 and the second port 15 connected to the brake device 2 is connected to the piston 1.
7, when the pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic oil chamber 18 on the back of the piston 17, the check valve 1 opens as shown in the figure.
6 is opened and the pressure oil in the hydraulic oil chamber 18 is discharged, the piston 17 retreats to the hydraulic oil chamber 18 side, the check valve 16 is closed, and the pressure oil in the brake cylinder flows back into the pressure reducing chamber 19. It is designed to be depressurized.

The anti-skid control valve 12 is located at a position where pressure oil is supplied from the accumulator 9 to the hydraulic oil chamber 18, a position where the pressure oil in the hydraulic oil chamber 18 is cut off, and a position where the pressure oil in the hydraulic oil chamber 18 is discharged to the reservoir 7. This is an electromagnetic directional valve that can be switched to

The control unit 20 outputs a switching signal to the anti-skit control valve 12 when the slip rate of the wheel 1 exceeds a predetermined value in response to detection signals of the rotational speed of the wheel 1 and the actual vehicle speed. The system performs anti-skid control to reduce the braking force by reducing the hydraulic pressure in the brake cylinder by switching the brake cylinder to the position where the pressure oil is discharged. It also serves as a unit.

Next, the automatic braking device will be explained.

An inter-vehicle distance detection sensor 21 that detects the inter-vehicle distance to the preceding vehicle using ultrasonic waves or radio waves is provided at the front end of the vehicle body, facing forward, and its detection signal is output to the control unit 20.

On the other hand, an instrument panel in the driver's seat is provided with an inter-vehicle distance setting device 22 for inputting a set inter-vehicle distance, and the inter-vehicle distance setting device 22 outputs the information to the control unit 20.

An automatic braking modulator 1) for automatically operating the brake device 2 under the control of the control unit 20 when the detected inter-vehicle distance becomes smaller than the set inter-vehicle distance L0 by a predetermined value or more is provided as follows.

The automatic braking modulator 1) includes a brake control actuator 23, an oil supply control valve 21c4, and an oil discharge control valve 25, and the brake control actuator 23 is configured as shown in FIG. 3, for example.

That is, a plunger 29 formed by integrally connecting a first piston 27 and a second piston 28 is installed in the casing 26 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a hydraulic oil chamber 30 is provided between the first piston 27 and the casing front wall 26a. A back pressure oil chamber 31 is formed between the first piston 27 and the second piston 28, and a pressurized oil chamber 32 is formed between the second screw I/N 27 and the casing 26, and a pressurized oil chamber 31 is formed between the first piston 27 and the second piston 28. The plunger 29 is elastically biased toward the hydraulic oil chamber 30 by a compression coil spring 44 mounted within the chamber 32 .

Then, when the first port 33 is opened to the hydraulic oil chamber 30 and the second boat 34 is opened to the pressurized oil chamber 32, and the plunger 29 is in contact with the casing front wall 26a, the pressurized oil chamber 3
A third port 35 that opens near the front end of the back pressure oil chamber 31 and a fourth boat 36 that opens near the rear end of the back pressure oil chamber 31 are provided. It communicates with a fifth port 38 opened in the mated connecting fitting 37.

The first piston 27 has a pair of ■ring packings 39.
is attached to the second piston 28 so as to be able to seal in two directions, and one ring packing 40 is attached to the second piston 28 so as to seal only the flow of pressure oil from the pressurized oil chamber 32 to the back pressure oil chamber 31. At the same time, the second piston 28 has a packing groove and a back pressure oil chamber 31.
A communication hole 41 is opened for communication between the two.

The brake control actuator 23 is connected to an intermediate portion between the mask cylinder 4 and the oil pressure regulator 13 in the oil path 5 leading from the mask cylinder 4 to the brake device 2 via the oil pressure regulator 13, and is connected to a fifth port 38. The second boat 34 and the first boat 14 of the hydraulic regulator 13 are connected in communication with each other.

Further, an oil supply control valve 24 for opening and closing the oil passage 42 is installed in the middle of the oil passage 42 that communicates the accumulator 9 and the first port 33.
An oil drain control valve 25 for opening and closing the oil passage 43 is provided in the middle of the oil passage 43 that communicates and connects the first port 33 and the first port 33.
is installed.

Both the oil supply control valve 24 and the oil discharge control valve 25 are electromagnetic directional valves operated by operation signals from the control unit 20.

Here, the operation of the automatic braking modulator 1) will be explained.

When the automatic braking device is not operated, the oil supply control valve 24 is closed and the oil drain control valve 25 is opened as shown in Fig. 2, and the oil passage 5 from the mask cylinder 4 to the brake device 2 is connected to the fifth port. 38, the third port 35, the pressurized oil chamber 32, and the second boat 34, and when anti-skid control is not being performed, the check valve 16 of the hydraulic regulator 13 is also open, so the brake pedal 3 is not pressed. When stepped on, the hydraulic pressure of the mask cylinder 4 is transmitted to the brake device 2, and the brake device 2 is activated.

At this time, the hydraulic pressure generated by the mask cylinder 4 is applied to the pressurized oil chamber 3.
2 and the back pressure oil chamber 31, the plunger 29
is surely brought into contact with the casing front wall 26a.

On the other hand, when operating the automatic braking system, the oil supply control valve 24 is opened and the oil drain control valve 25 is closed. Then, the plunger 29 is pushed toward the pressurized oil chamber 32 by the pressure oil supplied to the hydraulic oil chamber 30, and the third boat 35 is closed by the second piston 28.
Since the hydraulic oil in the pressurized oil chamber 32 is pressurized by the plunger 29, the brake device 2 is operated. When the oil supply control valve 24 and the oil discharge control valve 25 are switched from this state, the plunger 29 is returned to its original position by the hydraulic pressure of the pressurized oil chamber 32 and the spring force of the compression coil spring 44.

Next, the constant speed traveling device controls the throttle valve of the engine so that the vehicle travels at the set speed, and the detected vehicle speed is sent to the control unit 20 from the vehicle speed detection sensor (indicated route) and from the vehicle speed setting device (indicated route). The set vehicle speed is output, and the control unit 20 controls the engine control actuator 4 so that the detected vehicle speed becomes approximately the set vehicle speed.
The throttle valve 46 is controlled via the throttle valve 5.

As described above, the control unit 20 also serves as a control unit for an anti-skid device, an automatic braking device, and a constant speed traveling device.

The control unit 20 of the anti-skid device compares the rotational speed of the wheel 1 with the rotational speed of the wheel 1 corresponding to the actual vehicle speed, and when the slip rate of the wheel 1 exceeds a predetermined value, the anti-skid control valve 12 Equipped with a discrimination circuit that outputs an operation signal to switch the oil to the oil drain position.

The control unit 20 of the automatic braking system controls the detected inter-vehicle distance and the set inter-vehicle distance. Compare the detected following distance with the set following distance. When the value becomes smaller than a predetermined value, an operation signal for switching the refueling control valve 24 to the open position and an operation signal for switching the oil drain control valve 25 to the closed position are output, and the control unit 20 of the constant-speed traveling device is operated to perform constant-speed traveling. It is equipped with a discrimination circuit that outputs a signal to release the

The control unit 20 of the constant speed traveling device compares the detected vehicle speed and the set vehicle speed, and when the detected vehicle speed is lower than the set vehicle speed by a predetermined value or more, the control unit 20 controls the engine by controlling the operation signal to open the throttle valve 46. It is provided with a discrimination circuit which outputs an operation signal to the engine control actuator 45 and controls the throttle valve 46 in the direction of closing when the detected vehicle speed becomes higher than the set vehicle speed by a predetermined value or more.

The control unit 20 includes an A/D converter that converts each detection signal from the inter-vehicle distance detection sensor 21 and the vehicle speed detection sensor into AD, the signals from these A/D converters, the inter-vehicle distance setting device 22, and the vehicle speed setting. Input port that outputs those digitally set signals to the CPU, CPU
, ROM, in which various control and calculation programs for anti-skid devices, automatic braking devices, and constant speed running devices are input in advance, , RAM, which exchanges data with the CPU, and C.
An output port that receives an output signal from the PU, and each control valve 1 that receives an output signal from the output port and performs DA conversion.
It may be constructed from a D/A converter for 2, 24, and 25, a D/A converter for engine control actuator 45, and the like.

Further, as the brake operating means, the anti-skid device is used to control the supply of hydraulic pressure from the mask cylinder as described above, but the supply of negative pressure from a vacuum booster may also be controlled.

Hereinafter, based on the flowchart of FIG. 4, a brief explanation will be given of the control when automatically controlling the inter-vehicle distance by the automatic braking device.

Reference numeral 5L-38 in the figure indicates each step. After starting at Sl, the detected inter-vehicle distance detected by the inter-vehicle distance sensor 21 is read in S2, and the set inter-vehicle distance L0 set by the inter-vehicle distance setting device 22 is read in S3. is loaded.

In S4, it is determined whether the difference between the detected inter-vehicle distance and the set inter-vehicle distance L0 is greater than a predetermined lower limit value a, and a<
When the condition (LLo) is satisfied, the process moves to S8, and when the above condition is not satisfied, that is, when the following distance is too small, the process moves to S5, and in S5, the engine control actuator 45 and the heslo sotor valve 46 are closed. An operation signal is output and the engine brake state is established.

In S6, it is determined again whether or not a<(L Lo), and when a<(L Lo'), the process moves to S8, and when a<(L Lo), that is, even if the engine is in the engine braking state, the inter-vehicle distance is still small. If it is too small, the process moves to S7, where an operation signal is output to the automatic braking modulator 1), and the automatic braking modulator 1) operates the brake device 2 to decelerate.

Move from S7 to 86 and continue S6 until a<(LLo).
-57→S6 is repeated and when a<(LL.), the process moves to S8 and ends.

In addition, when braking is performed by outputting to the automatic braking modulator 1), a command signal to temporarily cancel constant speed driving is sent to the control unit 20 of the constant speed driving device;
, Ka wa.

;) Note that if the above (LLo) is not smaller than a predetermined upper limit value, that is, if the inter-vehicle distance is too large, acceleration can be performed, but this acceleration control is performed by the constant speed traveling device.

In the manner described above, the inter-vehicle distance I is controlled to be within a predetermined range.

According to the vehicle braking device according to the above embodiment, a vehicle equipped with a constant speed running device and an anti-skid device includes an automatic braking modulator 1) of a simple configuration, a control circuit, a following distance detection sensor 2, and a following distance setting. By simply providing the device 22, it becomes possible to drive at a constant distance while controlling the distance between vehicles to a value within a predetermined range, and the safety of driving is greatly improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the invention, Fig. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of an anti-skid device, a braking device, and a constant speed traveling device, and Fig. 3 is a brake control actuator. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 4, which is a flowchart of control for deceleration control by the automatic braking device. ■...Wheels, 2...Brake device, 6...Hydraulic pressure supply device, 1)...Automatic braking modulator, 20...Control unit throat, 21...Following distance detection sensor, 22...Following distance setting device, 23...Flake City I
I J wholesale actuator, 24...Oil supply control valve y', 25...Oil drainage control valve,
45...Engine control actuator, 46...Throttle knob\lube. Patent applicant: Mazda Motor Corporation Drawing IF (
No change in content) Figure 4 Procedural amendment (also) March 15, 1985 1.1 Patent Application No. 224497 of 1982 2, Name of invention Vehicle city 1) ffJj device 3, Relationship with Hanyu, the person making the amendment Patent Applicant Location 3 Shinchi, Fuchu-cho, Aki-gun, Hiroshima Prefecture [Name]
Name (313) Mazda Motor Corporation Representative Yama
Ken Moto - 4, agent

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a vehicle having a constant speed traveling device that controls the speed so that the vehicle travels at a constant speed set by the vehicle speed setting operation, a brake operating means that operates the brake device of the wheels according to the traveling condition of the vehicle, and An inter-vehicle distance detection means for detecting the inter-vehicle distance to the vehicle, an inter-vehicle distance setting means for inputting the set inter-vehicle distance, and a signal received from the inter-vehicle distance detection means and the inter-vehicle distance setting means, and the detected inter-vehicle distance is greater than the set inter-vehicle distance. A braking device for a vehicle, comprising: inter-vehicle distance control means for outputting a signal to actuate a brake device to a brake actuating means when the distance becomes smaller than a predetermined value.