JPS61101598A - Apparatus for preparing rice hull solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain rice hull solid fuel with excellent ignition property and moldability and high combustion efficiency in which the rice hull is finely crushed, by pressure molding rice hull crushed with difficulty together with a specified binder for molding. CONSTITUTION:A solid fuel with high combustion efficiency and excellent igni tion property is obtd. from rice hull being a trouble for a farmer by a constitu tion having a means (4) for transporting and storing received rice hull, a means (7) for transporting and storing a received binder for molding, a means (10) for withdrawing and mixing the stored rice hull and binder in a certain propor tion, a means (27) for determining the moisture content of the mixed rice hull and binder and adjusting the content to a predetermined value with addition of water, a means (14) for quantitatively withdrawing and pressure molding the mixture of the rice hull and binder of adjusted moisture content and a means for controlling a quantity to be withdrawn corresponding to a load during the pressure molding.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] [11] The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing solid fuel mainly composed of rice husks.

``1. Peeling'' Rice husks have a large calorific value, and nearly 2.5 million tons of rice husks are produced as a by-product every year. However, because the surface is covered with a hard material, it is extremely difficult to crush, and it is only used for charcoal with slightly low combustion efficiency, livestock bedding, compost, etc., and there is concern that energy resources will be depleted. In recent years, there has been a demand for the development of effective ways to use it.

The present invention was made based on the knowledge that by press-molding rice husks that are difficult to crush together with a specific molding binder, the rice husks are crushed inside the molded product. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing rice husk solid fuel with excellent moldability and high combustion efficiency.

[Configuration 1 of the Invention To achieve V] The rice husk fuel manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a means for transporting and storing received rice husks, a means for transporting and storing the received molding binder, and a means for transporting and storing the received rice husk. A means for extracting and mixing rice husks and a molding binder at a constant ratio, a means for measuring the moisture content of the mixed rice husks and the binder, and adjusting the moisture content so that the moisture content is constant; The present invention is characterized by comprising means for quantitatively extracting the binder mixture and press-forming it, and means for controlling the amount of the extract according to the load during press-forming.

According to the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to continuously produce a solid fuel from receiving the raw material rice husks to a final solid fuel product made by pulverizing the rice husks and having a high combustion efficiency.

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to drawings showing an example of its implementation.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a rice husk receiving hopper, in which rice husks received from the hulling process are conveyed to a rice husk tank 4 by a feeder 2 and a packet elevator 3, and stored there.

The molding binder necessary for molding rice husks is supplied to feeder 5.
The binder is transported to a binder tank 7 by a packet elevator 6 and stored. The molding binder used in the present invention is preferably a powder of a petroleum-based or coal-based bituminous material having a soft boiling point of 70 to 300°C, or a powder of a thermoplastic resin, either alone or mixed in an appropriate ratio. This must be solid at room temperature, that is, it must be finely granulated through pulverization, mix well with rice husks, and once melted during pressure molding to bind the main ingredient, rice husks. Specific examples of bituminous materials include petroleum pitch, petroleum asphalt, tar that is the carbonization residue of coal, pitch, and heat-treated products thereof. Further, as the thermoplastic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc., and powders and granules of waste materials thereof are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of effective use of resources.

The rice husks and binder stored in tanks 4 and 7 are extracted at a predetermined rate by feeders 8 and 9, respectively, and supplied in a constant quantity to a mixer 10, where they are continuously stirred and mixed before being sent for service. Supply to tank 11.

It is important to keep the extraction mixing ratio of the rice husk and the binder within a predetermined range, and the binder is in the range of 3 to 30%, preferably 7 to 15% by weight, based on the rice husk. That is, if the binder content is less than 3%, it is difficult to uniformly crush and bind the rice husks throughout, and if it exceeds 30%, the content of heat-melting components composed of bitumen etc. increases. This is because the entire mixed system becomes melted and softened during pressure molding, making molding difficult.

The mixer 10 is also equipped with water adding units 2 and 7, which measure the moisture content of rice husks, etc. during mixing using a non-contact continuous moisture meter, and adjust the water content so that the moisture content is about 20%. It is possible to calculate the moisture content and spray or add the required amount of water.

The mixture of rice husks and binder temporarily stored in the service tank 11 is fed by a variable feeder 12 through a feeder 13 to a pressure molding machine 14, where it is pressure molded into a desired shape such as a cylinder or a disc. be done.

The variable figure 12 is linked to the pressure molding r114, and when the molding machine 14 is overloaded, its rotational speed changes to adjust or stop the supply amount and protect the equipment and motors. In addition, the feeder 13 is used to prevent the mixture from clogging and stagnation in the supply path, and forcibly supply the mixture in a constant quantity. 100 to 500 to this roller.
The rice husks are crushed and shaped at the same time by applying a pressure of around 300 kg/cm2, usually 300 kg/cI*'' to the mixture with rolls. In other words, frictional heat is generated by the rotation and pressure of the rollers. However, the temperature inside the machine is 100~
The temperature rises to 200°C. As a result, the binder melts and binds with the rice husks to be crushed. This caking action prevents the unpulverized material from escaping from the rollers, and at the same time the temperature of the water contained in the rice husks rises due to the heat of compression. The rice husks are pulverized by the expansion pressure.

The rice husk solid fuel obtained by pressure molding is fed to feeder 1.
5 and a packet elevator 16 at a low speed so as not to be destroyed, and enters a ventilation cooling rack 17, where it is cooled to room temperature. This is to remove the compression heat generated by pressure molding and prevent condensation inside the machine. 25 is cooling 8!
The blower 126 of No. 17 is a dust collector.

The solid fuel cooled to room temperature is sieved by a rotary shaker 18 into sized particles, powder, and half sized particles, and the sized particles are conveyed to a product tank 20 by a conveyor 19 and stored and smoked for home consumption. The final product is weighed and packed into bags by a weighing machine 23 and a bagging bag 24. On the other hand, the sieved powder and half grains are returned to the service tank 11 by the feeder 21 and the packet conveyor 22, and are recovered and made into a product again.

The rice husk solid fuel produced in this way is made by binding crushed rice husks with a binder such as bituminous material, so it has excellent formability and ignitability, and has high combustion efficiency. Therefore, it is suitable for use in coal-fired boilers. By burning the mixture with coal, fuel costs can be reduced through self-consumption, and by packaging it into bags and commercializing it, it can be used as heating fuel for general households and greenhouses. Additionally, the ash produced after combustion can be reused as a soil conditioning agent. Furthermore, because rice husks are bonded with a layer of hydrophobic bituminous material, they do not absorb moisture and swell and break, and have high bending strength, so they can be used not only as solid fuel but also as various fillers and underdrain drainage. It can also be used as a material.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is as explained above, it is possible to produce rice husk solid fuel with excellent ignitability and formability, and high combustion efficiency. It can be effectively used as a source.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a 70-chart structurally showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention. 1... Hopper, 2, 5, 8, 9, 15, 21...
Feeder, 3,6.16...Packet elevator,
4...Rice husk tank, °7...Bingu tank, 1
0...Mixer, 11...Service tank, 12...
- Variable figure, 13... Feeding machine, 14... Pressure molding machine, 17... Cooling machine, 18... Rotary shaking, 19... Conveyor, 20... Product tank.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A means for transporting and storing the received rice husk, a means for transporting and storing the received molding binder, a means for extracting and mixing the stored rice husk and the molding binder at a fixed ratio, and the mixed rice husk and binder. A means for measuring the moisture content of rice husks and adjusting the humidity to maintain a constant moisture content, a means for quantitatively extracting the mixture of rice husks and a binder and press-molding the mixture, and a means for press-molding the mixture, An apparatus for producing rice husk solid fuel, comprising means for controlling the extraction amount in accordance with the above.