JPS6088254A - Continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a continuously variable transmission which performs continuously variable and smooth speed shifting operation in response to a change in an external load, by a method wherein a plurality of driving gears, engaging with gears on an input and an output shaft, are supported to 2 carriers respectively rotatably supported to the input and the output shaft. CONSTITUTION:Small and large center gears 1 and 2 are securly mated with the end parts, positioned opposite to each other, of input and output shafts 3 and 4, and carriers 5 and 5' are rotatably mounted to the shafts 3 and 4, respectively. In the carriers 5 and 5', large and small intermediate gears 7 and 8, engaging with gears 1 and 2, are secured on a rotary shaft 6 on which projecting parts 5a, protruded in 3 ways, are rotatably supported, and the rotation of the input shaft 3 is transmitted to the output shaft 4 through said driving gears. This constitution, since rotation and revolution (rotation of the carriers 5 and 5') of the intermediate gears 7 and 8 are automatically carried in response to an external load applied on the output shaft 4, causes a titled device to perform continuously variable and smooth speed-shifting operation.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a continuously variable transmission, and more specifically, the invention uses technical means such as gears to continuously and automatically change transmission speeds from an input shaft with a constant rotation speed according to load fluctuations. This invention relates to a continuously variable transmission that can output various different rotational speeds.

Conventional continuously variable transmissions exist in the form of fluid-type transmissions, but those that use mechanical means such as gears consist of a combination of transmission gears at different gears that are engaged by operating a switching lever. There was a multi-stage transmission device that changed the speed by changing the speed. The fluid-type continuously variable transmission device is widely used in automobiles and the like, and is used in a normal torque converter that generates pressure oil by rotating a pump impeller, thereby rotating a turbine impeller. The gearbox is used in combination with an auxiliary transmission to change gears in stages. However, this fluid-type continuously variable transmission has the drawback that during gear shifting, the pressure oil as an energy transmission medium causes sagging, resulting in a loss of energy.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and a plurality of transmission gears that mesh with gears fixed to the human power shaft and the output shaft are fixed to two carriers rotatably fixed to the input shaft and the output shaft, respectively. By supporting both ends of the rotating shaft,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuously variable transmission device that can automatically and steplessly obtain a smooth shifting action by allowing various rotational speeds to be extracted from an output shaft from a human-powered shaft having a constant rotational speed. purpose.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the description of the drawings.

A first center gear l and a second center gear 2 having a larger diameter than the first center gear l are fixedly integrated with an input shaft 3 and an output shaft 4, respectively, and the center line between these input shafts 2 and output shafts 4 is This is achieved by rotatably supporting the human power shaft 3 and the output shaft 4 on the frame A. Outside the position where the first center gear and second center gear 2 of the human power shaft 3 and the output shaft 4 are fixed, that is, on the opposite side of the first center gear 1 and the second center gear 2, the same shape and the same size are provided. The carriers 5 having the following are each rotatably attached. This carrier 5 has three projecting pieces 5a extending outward from the center at a certain relative angle.
Each protruding piece 5a is provided with a carrier hole 5b. These carrier holes 5b are formed at equal distances from the center of the carrier 5, and each of the carrier holes 5b is
Both ends of a rotating shaft 6 are rotatably fixed in the carrier hole 5b. Therefore, the two carriers 5, 5 rotate simultaneously by the three rotating shafts 6 regardless of the rotation of the human power shaft 3 and the output shaft 4, so that the respective protruding pieces 5a facing each other are always aligned with the same protruding piece 5a. They are placed in opposing positions.

A first gear 7 is fixedly integrated with the input shaft 3 side of each of the rotating shafts 6, and a second gear 8 having a smaller diameter than the first gear 7 is fixedly integrated with the output shaft 4 side. Gear 7 and second
The gears 8 are designed to rotate in synchronization. Historically, the first gear 7 meshes with the first center gear 1, and the second gear 8 meshes with the second center gear 2. Thereby, the rotation of the input shaft 3 is transmitted to the output shaft 4 via these gear transmissions.

Next, the operation of the continuously variable transmission according to the present invention will be explained below.

First, a case where no external load acts on the output shaft 4 side will be described. When the input shaft 3 directly connected to the prime mover etc. (not shown) is rotated by rotating the prime mover etc. (not shown), the first
Due to the gear transmission between the center gear 1 and the first gear 7, the three first gears 7 begin to rotate simultaneously. Then, as a matter of course, the rotating shaft 6 also rotates at the same time, and along with this, the three 1f
~2 +M'+ When wheel II also starts rotating, the second gear 8
The output shaft 4 also begins to rotate L7 through the gear transmission with the second munter gear 2. However, the absolute position of the rotating shaft 6 is not fixed, and both ends thereof are connected to the input shaft 3.
It is only rotatably supported by two carriers 5.5 which are rotatably attached to the output shaft 4.

Therefore, when the first gear 7, the second gear 8, and the rotation shaft 6 start rotating, the carriers 5, 5 simultaneously start being rotated by the rotation shaft 6 in the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 6. Therefore, the first gear 7, the second gear 8, and the rotating shaft 6 begin to rotate in synchronization with the carriers 5, 5 at the same time as they rotate. That is, it begins to revolve around the input shaft 3 or the output shaft 4 as the center of rotation. Due to the above action, the rotation speed of the output shaft 4 is not determined by the rotation speed of the input shaft 3 and the tooth number ratio between each gear, but is determined by the rotation speed of the first gear 7 or the second gear 8,
It is determined by the ratio of the number of teeth between the second gear 8 and the second center gear 2.

When an external load starts to act on the output shaft 4 side, the load starts to act on the second center gear 2 and the second gear 8 via the second center gear 2, and a brake is applied to the rotation of the second gear 8. It starts to get hung up on. At the same time, the revolution of the second gear 8 and the first gear 7 slows down, and the rotation of the carrier 5.5 also starts to slow down.

The rotational force of the input shaft 3 is divided by the rotation and revolution of the first gear 7 (or the rotation of the carrier 5), so when the rotation of the carrier 5 starts to slow down, the rotation of the first gear 7 is accelerated. The rotation of the output shaft 4 is restored via the second gear 8 and the second center gear 2.

When the external load acting on the output shaft 4 becomes extremely large, the rotation of the carrier 5 is finally stopped, the first gear 7 only rotates, and the rotation speed of the output shaft 4 becomes equal to the rotation of the human-powered shaft 3. It is determined by the number of teeth and the ratio of the number of teeth between the transmission gears.

As is clear from the above description, the continuously variable transmission of the present invention uses a plurality of intermediate gears, and the rotation shaft to which the first and second gears are attached is not fixed in position. 1 because the intermediate gear is supported by a rotatable carrier and rotated and revolved (rotated coaxially with the carrier) by constant rotation of the manual shaft.
, - rotation and revolution are complementary to each other (in an N-like relationship, for example, when a load acts on the output shaft and the rotation of the carrier (or the revolution of the intermediate gear) slows down, the rotation speed of the intermediate gear increases, and therefore the output The rotational speed of the shaft is automatically reduced.Therefore, the rotational speed of the 11-1 force shaft can be automatically and smoothly changed in response to changes in load.

Historically, it is possible to prevent energy loss during gear shifting, and because there is no shock during gear shifting,
The durability of each gear and parts is improved.

Furthermore, when two of the devices of the invention are lined up and one of the output shafts is used as a human power shaft, the carriers for the two devices work in conjunction, so the ability to respond to external loads is expanded compared to when only one device is used. Therefore, -1m smooth and stable shifting action can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the invention, with FIG. 1 being a side view and FIG.
121 is a sectional view taken along line II-I+ in FIG. ■ 1st center gear, 2-2nd center gear 3-human shaft, 4-output shaft, 5.5-carrier, 7-1st gear, 8
-Second gear. Patent Applicant Okamoto In Beautiful Agent BR Attorney Mihiko Watanabe Procedure Neho Masashi: (Jiji n) January 18, 1985 Patent Application No. 197288' No. 2 of 1985, Title of Invention Continuously Variable Transmission Device 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address: 131-2 Kadoo, Gunge-cho, Hekami-gun, Tottori Prefecture Name: Kiyomi Okamoto 4, Agent: 530 Phone: Osaka 06 (361) 31
131 Address: 2-2L, Taiyuji-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi (1) Full text of the specification (2) Drawings 1 and 2 6, Contents of amendments Amendment 111I document 1, Name of the invention Continuously variable transmission 2, Claim +11 A human-powered shaft whose axes are aligned, an output shaft, a first center gear, a second center gear, a first gear and a second gear fixed to the same shaft, and two carriers, and is connected to the input shaft. is a first center gear, and a second center gear is attached to the output shaft.
The center gears are fixed and integrated, and the two carriers are rotatably supported one by one, each having a plurality of protrusions extending outward at equal angles from the center on opposite sides of the two carriers. A carrier hole is provided in each of the projecting pieces, and both ends of a rotating shaft on which the first gear and the second gear are fixed to the same shaft are connected so that the first gear becomes a first center gear and the second gear becomes a second center gear. A continuously variable transmission characterized in that each of the continuously variable transmissions is rotatably supported in a carrier hole so as to be engaged with each other. 3. Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission, and more specifically, uses technical means such as gears to adjust the speed relative to the input rotation speed according to changes in load and human power. The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission that can extract various rotational speeds from an output shaft. Conventional continuously variable transmissions exist as fluid-type transmissions, but as transmissions that use mechanical means such as gears,
There was a multi-stage transmission device that changed gears by changing the meshing of a combination of transmission gears at different stages by operating a switching lever. The fluid-type continuously variable transmission device is widely used in automobiles, etc. In a normal torque converter that generates hydraulic pressure by rotating a pump impeller and rotates a turbine runner, it is combined with an auxiliary transmission. 1, the gears are changed stepwise by -V. However, this fluid-type continuously variable transmission has the drawback that slippage and heat occur in the oil as an energy transmission medium, resulting in a loss of energy m. This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and a plurality of transmission gears that mesh with gears fixed to the input shaft and output shaft are fixed to two carriers rotatably supported by the input shaft and the output shaft, respectively. By supporting both ends of the rotating shaft so that it can rotate freely, various rotational speeds can be extracted from the output shaft in response to changes in load and input power, resulting in smooth gear shifting. It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuously variable transmission device that can automatically and steplessly obtain the following. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the description of the drawings. [Embodiment] A first center gear 1 and a second center gear 2 having a larger diameter than the first center gear 1 are fixedly integrated with an input shaft 3 and an output shaft 4, respectively, and these human power shafts 3 and output shafts 4 The center lines of the input shaft 3 and the output shaft 4 are made to coincide with each other by the frame body A rotatably supporting the input shaft 3 and the output shaft 4. On opposite sides of the first center gear 1 and the second center gear 2, carriers 5.5' are rotatably attached to the input shaft and the output shaft, respectively. The carriers 5, 5' are provided with three projecting pieces 5a extending outward from the center at a certain relative angle.
A is provided with a carrier hole 5b. These carrier holes 5b are formed at equal distances from the center of the carriers 5, 5', and both ends of the rotary shaft 6 are rotatably supported in the carrier holes 5b of the respective carriers 5, 5'. Therefore, the two carriers 5, 5' rotate simultaneously by the rotating shaft 6 regardless of the rotation of the input shaft 3 and the output shaft 4, so that the respective projecting pieces 5a are placed in a positional relationship in which they face each other. There is. A first gear 7 on the input shaft side and a second gear 8 having a smaller diameter than the first gear 7 on the output shaft 4 side are fixedly integrated with each of the rotating shafts 6. Center gear 1
The second gear 8 meshes with the second center gear 2, respectively. Thereby, the rotation of the input shaft 3 is transmitted to the output shaft 4 via these transmission gears. Next, the operation of the continuously variable transmission according to the present invention will be explained below. [Function] Since this transmission has the characteristic that it operates according to fluctuations in external load and fluctuations in input power, let us assume that it is used in an automobile as an example. First, when the clutch is connected and driving force is transmitted to the input shaft 3, an external load is applied to the output shaft 4, and at the time of starting, the static load is large, so it is impossible to turn the entire carrier 5.5'. , the first center gear 1, the first gear 7, the second gear 8, and the second center gear 2 each rotate on their own axis, and the vehicle starts moving with a high gear ratio. As the input is gradually increased and the acceleration is slightly increased, the load starts to lighten.The rotational force of the input shaft 3 is distributed between the rotation and revolution of the first gear 7, so the intermediate gears (first gear 7, second gear 8 ) begins to revolve (carrier rotates) little by little. Since the rotation and revolution of this intermediate gear are in a mutually compensatory relationship, the rotation automatically decreases and the gear ratio automatically decreases. Furthermore, when the input power is increased, the revolution of the intermediate gear further increases, and therefore the rotation becomes slower, the gear ratio becomes lower, and the speed increases. In this way, the gear changes steplessly depending on the changes in input power and load, and eventually the input overcomes the load, and the intermediate gear's revolution and rotation become one-to-one. In other words, the input shaft 3, carrier 5.5', and output shaft 4 are 1:
It rotates at 1 and enters a so-called direct connection state. Further, if the balance between the input and the load is lost due to acceleration of the boot, etc., the rotation of the carriers 5, 5' becomes relatively slow. In other words, since the load on the output shaft is relatively greater, the output shaft 4 cannot be rotated at the same rotation speed as the input rotation speed at that time, and the intermediate gear begins to rotate. As a result, the torque of the °ζ output shaft 4 increases and the gear is automatically shifted. In this way, this transmission is sensitive to load and input and automatically changes the rotation and revolution (rotation of the carrier) of the intermediate gear, thereby making it possible to perform a stepless and smooth speed change operation. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent energy loss during gear shifting, and continuously variable transmission allows the driving force of the prime mover to be utilized very efficiently, improving acceleration and fuel efficiency, and eliminating shocks during gear shifting. The durability of each part is improved. When two of the devices of the invention are lined up and one of the output shafts is used as an input shaft, the carriers for the two devices work in conjunction, so the ability to respond to external loads is expanded compared to when only one device is used. Therefore, a smoother and more stable gear shifting action can be obtained. 4. Brief Description of the Drawings The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front bow, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view taken along line nn' in FIG. 1. 1-first center gear, 2-second center gear 31. Input shaft, 4-output shaft, 5.5'-carrier, 7-first gear, 8-second gear. Patent applicant Kiyomiyo Okamoto Patent attorney Mihiko Watanabe (bt) 5a 5a 5b Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a transmission equipped with an input shaft that rotates at a constant rotation speed and an output shaft whose axes are aligned, a first center gear is fixed to the input shaft, and a second center gear is fixed and integrated to the output shaft. opposite sides of the first center gear and the second center gear, in which carriers having complementary projecting pieces extending outward at equal intervals from the center are fixed to the human power shaft and the output shaft; one by one is rotatably fixed to the two carriers, carrier holes are provided in each protruding piece of the two carriers, and the first gear and the 21'#'1 wheel are fixed with their axes aligned. both ends, and the first gear to the first
Said number again on the center gear:! A continuously variable transmission characterized in that gears are rotatably fixed in carrier holes so as to mesh with the second center gear.