JPS6085997A - Method of inspecting omission and incorrect collating - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] It is about law.

In a normal bookbinding process, a book with a predetermined number of pages is created by sequentially collecting each signature through a T-joint. The bookbinding process will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically illustrating a perfect binding line with 15 collating pieces in the binding section (1), and each collating device 1 The mechanical structure of a part of the piece is shown in Figures 2 and 3. A portion of the signatures to be supplied with that piece (27)
When placed on the machine, the timing valve (31
1 rotates, and the vacuum pump (331) and the suction mounting rod (30) are connected via the timing valve Gl1 to the piping bow (prefecture).
01 is equipped with a suction L-1 (29), each of which is constructed with a hollow member, so that one suction force of the vacuum pump (331) is used to pass the signature (28) through the suction L-1 (29).
can be pulled down one fold at a time. Now, when the timing position of the timing valve 13+1 is open to the vacuum pump (33), air is sucked from the suction port (29) and the lowest one of the signatures (28) is pulled downward. When the claw cylinder (341) rotates in the direction of the arrow (・t), the tip of the signature (28) is caught with the claw (3!it and the claw base f.'lli) at the right time. At the same time, the timing valve 01) becomes closed and no air is sucked from the suction port (29).

Furthermore, when the claw cylinder rotates in the direction of the arrow while holding the tip of the signature (28)', the signature (28)' becomes a signature (28).
When the signature (28") is pulled out from the hopper part (27) where it is loaded, the claw cylinder Oa further rotates, and the signature (28") is placed on the gathering plate 07), the claw (3) is pulled out from the claw base (3G). ) and drops the signature (285' onto the gathering plate (3L). When the signature (285) falls onto the gathering plate (0714-), the gathering chain (38) is moved to receive the signature from the next piece.
The transverse feed pin fixed to the
') is moved below the claw cylinder of the next piece.

In this way, if the signatures are sequentially fed out from the 1st frame to the 15th frame, and the signatures are stacked up, and all the signatures are cented, the final volume will be one volume book consisting of 15 types of signatures. Become.

Thereafter, the collated items are sent to the binder part (9) by the connecting conveyor (2), and while being held by the clamps (3), the roughening station (4) At station (5), the cover (7) is glued at the position of the clamp (6).Then, it passes through the conveyor (8) and is then stacked on three sides to form a finished book. .

The above process is a general perfect binding line, but books that are collated one by one are the same for flat binding.

Here, if the specified signatures are supplied correctly in each piece of the collating section (1), there will be no problem with the single collated book, but due to human error, T total defects will occur. There are cases. In other words, since humans are the ones who place the signatures on a part of the hopper of each piece, it is possible to place a different signature on a part of the hopper than the one that should be supplied to that piece. Even if it is a ding, it may be placed upside down. When something like this happens,
As a result of collation, the section of the signature is the whole (1'4
There is no connection between 8 and 8; (This results in what is called a misprinted book and a defective product.

Currently, as a method to prevent such human errors, a solid mark (JO) is placed on the spine or bag of each signature as shown in Figure 4.
Each signature can be distinguished by changing the position of the solid mark (10).

In other words, by checking the positional relationship of the solid marks as shown in Figure 5 after collating everything, it is possible to determine whether or not pages are missing. However, the currently available inspection method installs a reflective sensor (40) at the solid mark position of the signatures placed on each piece before collation, as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3. By scanning the reflection density, if there is a mark, it means that the correct signature has been inserted, and if there is no mark (in a different location), the wrong signature has been set. I am making a judgment.

However, with this method, if a part of the same signature is mixed in with the correct signature but upside down, it is difficult to find it if the signature has a small number of pages or is not thick. Further, if a jam occurs in each piece, it is necessary to stop the machine, have the operator correct the jam, and manually add or subtract the necessary signatures from the group of signatures that are being collated.

At this time, you may add the wrong signature or forget to add it, resulting in a book with missing pages, but current inspection methods cannot prevent this.
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The present invention attempts to solve the problems of the above-mentioned inspection method by employing an inspection method that detects missing pages by looking at the solid marks on each spine when all collation is completed. . Furthermore, the present invention aims to automatically carry out such inspection using an inspection device.
In this case, even if there are variations in the position or thickness of the object to be inspected, it is possible to perform the inspection 1:] favorably.

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

In the present invention, the back of the collation section υ) solid mark σ) image input is performed in the image input section of the inspection device (41), and all image input from this image input section is σ] collation is completed. For example, as shown in Fig. 6, the connecting conveyor (2)
This is carried out at a state σ) where the collated part (11) is conveyed to the binder part (9) and sandwiched between the clamps (3). That part is shown in FIG.

Various inspection devices can be considered for carrying out the inspection method of the present invention, and some that can be used for missing page inspection are also commercially available.A typical inspection device example is an image input section (42). and an inspection processing section (431).
I) is shown.

The inspection device (41) inputs an image (12) of a range including the entire solid mark (10) on the spine of the collated book (11) as shown in FIG. A collation failure is determined.

The image input section (42) may be a TV/video camera, a line sensor camera, etc., but any device can be used as long as it can input the image (12) that includes the entire solid mark (1) as shown in FIG. The image signal (44) sent from the image input unit (421) is stored as one image in a storage unit such as a frame memory in the inspection processing unit (43). The image data may be in either analog or digital format.Also, the image signal (it may be converted into data directly from Tsukuda, or it may be converted into data by calculus, binarization,
The data may be converted into data after undergoing operations such as filtering.

Inspection processing department (431K) Judgment of collation failure is made by collation book (
This is done by detecting whether the solid marks (10) of each signature on the back of 11) are in the correct position.
If the solid mark ( ) is missing or in a different position, it is determined to be defective.

In order to detect the presence or absence and position of the solid mark (10), the inspection processing unit (43) sets an inspection area (50) as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 8 within the area of the stored image data.
Processing such as examining the average concentration within the inspection area (50), the area of the specified λ or concentration portion, or the correlation between several inspection areas (50) is performed, and these data and preset standards are used. It is possible to check for missing pages by comparing with the value. Figure 8 shows an example of how to set the inspection area (50).The shape, size, and number can be set arbitrarily, and the inspection area (50) can be set according to the type of books to be collected. Depending on the settings, the corresponding image data in the storage unit will be marked with a solid mark (
10) Used in processing for detection.

By the way, in the apparatus for inspecting defective books such as missing pages using the method described above, the collected books to be inspected must always be at a fixed position within the screen. If there is no collated book at a certain position on the screen, the solid mark (10) on the spine may not be detected due to the set inspection area (50) even if the book is normally collated, and the accuracy of inspection will be significantly degraded.

As shown in FIG. 6, the inspection device (41) is generally installed in a part of the binder (9), and the collected books (11) are held between the clamps (3) and conveyed. The position of the collated book (11) in the conveyance direction is a part of the binder (9)
It can be detected from the traveling system of the A2+, or it can also be detected by checking the image signal (44) from the image input section (A2+) using the inspection device (4j). The input timing of the signal (44) is adjusted so that image data with a constant position of the inspected object in the transport direction can be obtained on the screen.However, when collating books (
11) The position on the screen is not only in the transport direction (transport direction 1)
(On the other hand, in the vertical direction, positional fluctuations occur due to rattling in the transport drive system of the binder part (9).Furthermore, variations in the pressure due to the spring of the clamp (3) to clamp the binding book (11), or Due to factors such as variations in the thickness of the papers that make up the combined book (11), the collated book (11)
) also varies in thickness. Therefore collated books (11)
Even if only the position in the conveyance direction is fixed within the screen, it is difficult to achieve inspection accuracy.

Therefore, the present invention adopts an inspection method that corresponds to the positional variation of the collated book (11) in the direction perpendicular to the conveyance direction and the thickness variation of the collated book (11), and performs a more accurate inspection. It is.

In the present invention, in order to detect the solid mark (10) on the spine of the collated book (11) during the inspection using the inspection device shown in FIG. The position is corrected by moving according to the 14-place variation of the collated book (11), and the method of setting the inspection area (50) that is not easily affected by the thickness variation of the collated book (11) and the solid mark. Collation defects are inspected by using the detection method (10).

To correct the position in the direction perpendicular to the transport direction of the collated book (11), as shown in Figure 9, a position detection area (5υ) is provided within the screen, and the Technical book (1)
The entire position detection area (5]) and inspection area (50) are moved so that the positional references of 1) coincide. In Fig. 9, as an example, the position reference of the collated book (11) is set to one side (53) of the book. Other objects can also be used as the position reference as long as they move together with the position detection area (51) and can be detected by the position detection area (51).
1) can be set at any position within the screen depending on the positional reference of the collated book (11). A fixed position (52) within the position detection area (51) at which the position reference of the collated books (11) should be aligned is determined, and the position is shown in FIG. 9 by a dashed line.

The position detection area (51) detects the position reference of the collated book (11) based on the density level or the amount of change in density, and moves it to match the fixed position (52) within the position detection area (51). , At the same time, the inspection area (50) also moves in the same direction and by the same distance. In FIG. 9, the movement of the position detection area (51) and the inspection area (50) is represented by arrows. The situation after position correction is as shown in Figure 10, where the fixed position (
52) and one side (53) of the 16 standard of the collated book (month) match, and the position of the inspection area (50) also almost matches the solid mark (10).

In the examples shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, one inspection area (50) is provided for each solid mark (lO), but the inspection area (50) is not limited to this example and can be set freely.

After the correction for the positional fluctuation of the collated book (11) is made,
In this invention, the collated books (1
1) We will adopt an inspection method that allows accurate inspection even for thickness variations. As an explanation of the inspection method, a method of setting an inspection area (50) and a method of processing data obtained from the inspection area (50) will be described.

If there is still a change in thickness even after correction has been made for the positional variation of the collated book (11), the collated book (11), which is the base for inspection,
The solid mark (10) on the spine of 1) is the collated book (11) on the screen.
) changes in width and position in the thickness direction. Therefore, for one solid mark (10), multiple inspection areas (5
0), and the inspection areas (50) of the double gauze are arranged for each solid mark (10) so as to be lined up in the thickness direction of the collected book. Inspection area (5) provided for one solid mark (]0)
The number of 0) depends on how much the position and size of the solid mark (10) changes due to changes in the thickness of the collated book (11), but if there are too many, a large amount of data from the inspection area (gloss) will be required. Since subsequent processing requires negative Jil, it is usually best to use two or three. The shape and size of one inspection area (50) are approximately equal to one solid mark. Figure 11 (al
, (bl) shows an example in which two and three inspection areas (5o) are provided for each solid mark (10), respectively.

Even if the thickness of the collated book (11) changes depending on the method of setting the inspection area (50) such as ``-'', the solid mark (10) will not correspond to any of the inspection areas (50) corresponding to itself. 12 (a), (b) and FIG. 13 (al, (bl). Similar to FIG. 11, the inspection area (50
12(a) and 131 (b) are the thickness of the book, or the case where bl is the thickness of the book, and 131st 1(a) and (b) are the cases where it is thin.

Next, the data obtained from the set inspection area (5) and the processing method for detecting collation defects using the data will be described.

In the inspection area (50), the average density or solid mark (
10) Measure the area of the portion identified as 1-. In the example where two or three inspection areas (50) are provided for one solid mark (10) as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the nth
The inspection areas (50) of the th signature will be called All, Bn, and Cn. Inspection area (50) is solid mark (10)
For each solid mark (10), AnlBn is provided in the case of 2, and An, BnSCnQ is provided in the case of 3. An, Bn, and Cn are arranged in the same way.

Furthermore, the area of the portion determined to be the average density or the solid mark (10) within the inspection area An of the n-th signature is expressed as arl. Similarly, the inspection area Bn of the f1th signature
The average density within SCn or the area of MjX that is determined as a solid mark (10) is expressed as bnI□,cn. The solid mark (10) shows how to judge whether the collation is normal or abnormal from the data obtained from each inspection area (50).
This will be explained using cases where there are two and three inspection areas (50) for one inspection area.

Inspection area j (50) 2 for one solid mark (lO)
In this case, each data is considered normal if it satisfies the following conditions, and abnormal if it does not.

I! 1≦an tensu. '-12(] ])(,=j,
2. , , k) and here k is the number of solid marks (1o).

In addition, inspection area (50) per solid mark (10)
In the case of three, it is considered normal only when the following conditions are satisfied.

15≦an + bn +cnL16 C2]) (low L 2+ ``'+ k) and (n-1, 2, ... - - 〇 under the conditions of each example, formula C1-]) and formula C2-1
) is used to determine whether there is one solid mark (1o) within the multiple inspection areas (5o) provided for one solid mark (1o), and whether the solid mark (]0) is located at a predetermined position. If not, an-1-bn, an+bn-)-
cn is l! It becomes smaller than the value of 1.15, and becomes larger than 12.16 if the same signature overlaps.

The value of el, 12.15.14 is marked with a heta mark (
It can be determined appropriately depending on the size of 1o). Formula CI-2)
and Equation [2-2] are AIl II , I for the corresponding inspection area (50) of the adjacent solid mark (1o), that is, An
The difference in the average density or the area of the solid (10) portion is taken as 13n+1 for Jn and Cn+1 for Cn. If the fold is normal, the relative position If IMI of each solid mark (10) and the plurality of inspection areas (5o) is almost the same, and even if there is a variation in the thickness of the collated book (11), the relative position of each solid mark (10) and the plurality of inspection areas (5o) is almost the same. If it is a quire, there will be little change. However, if there is no solid mark (10) on a certain signature, if the signatures are mixed in a section, or if the order of adjacent signatures is reversed, the average density of the inspection area (5o) or Solid mark (
10) The area of the part changes greatly even if it is one fold next to the other. Gatte inspection area (50) 2 pieces (7) Case Hatan-a
n+1.1bn-bn++ 1 is thicker than the value of 13.14 (t7, inspection area (50) for 3 pieces &'L
l an-anal l, Ibn-bn++ l, I
C++-Cn+11 are each I! 7.l! It becomes larger than the value of 8.19.

l! 3.14.17.18.19 The value is larger than the change in the average density in each inspection area (5o) or the area of the solid mark (10) due to thickness variation of 1 and is abnormal. It is better to take a value smaller than the change in the case.

In this way, the inspection area (
50) data correlation and adjacent solid marks (1o)
By examining the correlation of the data in the inspection area (50), collation defects such as those shown in Figures 17, 18, 19, and 20 can be detected regardless of the thickness variation of the collated book (11). can do. Solid mark (10) of normal collated book (11)
is as shown in Figure 16, but Figure 17 shows when a certain signature is missing, Figure 18 shows when a certain signature is in the wrong position, and Figure 19 shows the top and bottom of a signature. When the numbers are reversed, Figure 20 shows a case where certain signatures are overlapping.

The present invention corrects the positional correction of the inspection area (50), the setting of the inspection area (50), and the processing of data from the inspection area (50) as described in 4 above to correct the positional variation and thickness variation of the collected book (11). The present invention provides a method for inspecting collation defects without being affected by.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the collation process, Figs. 2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams of a part of the hopper of one piece of the collating device, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a signature, and Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a part of the hopper of one piece of the collating device. Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the inspection device and the collated book to be inspected; Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the solid mark on the spine of the collated book and the input range; Fig. 8 The figure is an explanatory diagram of the inspection area, Figures 9 and 10 are explanatory diagrams of movement of the inspection area, Figures 11 to 13 are explanatory diagrams of setting multiple inspection areas with one solid mark,
Figures 4 and 15 are illustrations of the principle of inspection for missing pages based on multiple inspection areas, Figure 16 is an illustration of normal collated books, and Figures 17 to 20 are illustrations of examples of missing pages or irregular pages. Figures are shown respectively. (1) ...Working section (2) ...Connection conveyor (
3) ... Franz (4) ... Roughening Station (51 ... Glue Station (61 ... Clap (7) ... Cover (81 ... Conveyor (9)
)... Part of the binder (10)... Solid mark (
11)...Collated book (27)...Hotsuno' part (28
)... Signature (29)... Suction port GO)... Suction port mounting rod c31)... Timing valve f3a ・
・Plumbing hose 031 ・・Vacuum pump C34)
... Claw cylinder 09 ... Claw (31i1 ・
・Claw stand C371...Gather link plate connection 19
．． Gathering chain (39) ・°°Transverse feed bin (40...Inspection device (4)...°Image input unit (4)
31... Inspection processing unit (50)... Inspection area (51)
...Position detection area (52)...Fixed position patent applicant Kazuo Suzuki Representative of Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 De

Claims (1)

[Claims] (By inputting an image that includes the entire solid mark on the spine of a collated book that has completed the first binding process, and detecting the solid mark in an inspection area that has been set up in advance in correspondence with the solid mark, defects in collation can be detected. In the inspection method, the position is corrected by moving the inspection area according to changes in the position of the collected book, and multiple inspection areas are set for each solid mark to inspect even when the thickness of the collected book changes. A method for inspecting missing pages, characterized in that a collation defect is determined by examining the correlation between the average density of inspected extremely white areas or the area of solid mark portions.