JPS608434B2 - Grain low temperature drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a low-temperature grain drying device that can dry grains at low temperatures and in a short time.

Conventionally, when drying grains such as paddy, hot air is sent through the paddy placed in a tank, and the drying process is carried out by blowing hot air through the paddy and raising and lowering it several times using an elevator.

In this case, the drying time is such that the moisture content before drying is 20-26%.
When the moisture content after drying is 14-15%, the hot air temperature is 53-15% (although it depends on the amount of paddy packed in and the outside temperature).
63pm and requires 6 to 1 preschool hours.

In order to shorten this drying time, it may be possible to increase the temperature of the hot air, but rapid dehydration from the surface of the paddy and the rise in grain temperature cause the Hataoka cracking phenomenon, resulting in "more broken rice and a loss of luster." It has the drawback of deteriorating quality.In order to eliminate this drawback, various so-called low-temperature drying devices that dry at low temperatures have been developed and proposed, but they have the drawback of taking too long to dry. The current situation is that it has not been put into practical use.

The present invention was devised in view of the above, and aims to provide a grain drying device that can dry grains at low temperatures and in a short time. A storage tank, a heating tank, a drying room, and a grain collecting tank are sequentially installed three-dimensionally in a dryer with a storage tank, a heating tank, a drying room, and a grain collection tank, and one end of the heating tank is equipped with a warm air frame that is suitable for a hot air generator and a lotus. In addition to forming a first flow path between each frame, the drying room has a ventilation heating frame with one end connected to the overflow/humidity adjustment device and a lotus passage, and the other end closed to the exhaust port. The low-temperature drying apparatus for grains is characterized in that exhaust frames suitable for a lotus are alternately arranged in parallel so that a second flow path is formed between each frame, and the exhaust port is equipped with a suction/exhaust fan.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

In the figure, 1' is the main body of the dryer, which is equipped with an equalizer 2 and a grain input port 3 above.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a storage tank in which the grains that have fallen from the input port 3 are temporarily stored, and a humidification tank 5 and a drying chamber 6 are arranged above and below in the lower part of the storage tank.

The heating tank 5 is constructed of warm air thin air frames 7 with triangular cross sections arranged in parallel, forming a first flow path 8 through which the grains pass. is hot air generator 9
The structure is such that warm air is sent through the inlet fan Fuha.

In the drying room 6, ventilation heating frames 11 and exhaust frames 2 are arranged alternately in parallel, and a second flow passage 13 for grains is formed between each frame weight and 12. One end of the faulty air frame 11 is closed, and the pond-side end communicates with the temperature generator i4. In addition, the exhaust frame 12 is closed at one end, contrary to the ventilation frame 1, and the pond-side end is connected to the exhaust port 6, so that the moisture in the drying chamber 6 is removed from the suction/exhaust mechanism 61. The structure is such that air is sucked out.

A rotary valve turtle 7 is provided at the lower end of the second downstream passage turtle 3,
The grain collecting tank 181 below is in communication with the grain collecting tank 181, and a screw conveyor 20 is disposed at the bottom of the grain collecting tank 181 to feed the grains that have fallen from the rotary valve to the elevator 19.

The dryer according to the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and the grains that fall from the input port 3 at the top and are temporarily stored in the storage tank 4 first enter the second downstream passage turtle 3 of the drying chamber 6 and are ventilated and dried. Before heating, warm air from the hot air generator 9 is received in the heating tank 5 through the holes 21 of the hot air heating frame 7 and is flooded.

This heating is performed by heating the grains flowing down the first flow passage 8 formed by arranging the warm air blower frames 7 in parallel,
This is carried out by flooding with ~20 oo of hot air, and the salting tank 5 is semi-sealed due to the weight of the grains loaded into the storage tank 4, so that the grains in the heating tank 5 are uniformly heated. can.

When the heating tank 5 is heated to 20qo to 4100°C (when the outside temperature is 15qo to 21°C), the water inside the grain expands and the horse mackerel comes out on the outer skin.

Next, the grains in this state are the exhaust frame 12 and the ventilation warming frame 1.
It reaches a second flow passage 13 sandwiched between 11 and 11, where the temperature/humidity adjusting device 4 receives and dries low-humidity, low-temperature warm air through the perforations 23 of the ventilation frame 11. .

Here, to explain the hot air exhaust path with reference to FIG. 3, the pressure inside the exhaust chamber 22 and the exhaust frame 12 that fits into the exhaust chamber 22 decreases due to suction by the suction exhaust fan 16 provided at the exhaust port 16. The low-temperature air in the air frame 11 crosses the grains at right angles to the direction in which the grains in the second flow passage 13 flow down due to gravity,
Moisture is absorbed from the surface of the grains and becomes a humid wind, which is sucked into the exhaust chamber 22 through the exhaust frame 12 and discharged to the outside air through the exhaust row 5.

At this time, a large amount of dust in the second downstream section 13 is also discharged from the exhaust port 15 along with the exhaust air.

The temperature of the wind blowing out from the ventilation blower frame 1 in the drying chamber 6 was approximately the same as the outside temperature, and the humidity was approximately 12%. Normally, the moisture content after drying is 14% or more for government-funded rice.
Although it is supposed to be 15% or less, ``In the case of conventional hot air drying using kerosene, it is technically impossible to reduce the moisture content to 16% or less after drying (only 18%). was also having a negative impact.

However, in the present invention, since the wind is close to the outside temperature, it is easy to set the humidity to 12% or less, and the purpose is well achieved. The grains also receive low-temperature wind through the perforations 23 of the ventilation fumarole frame 1, are dried to some extent, fall onto the sloped wall 24 of the grain collecting tank 8 by the rotary valve 17, and move along the sloped wall surface. They gather in the oblique wall recess 25 and are conveyed to the elevator 19 by the screw conveyor 20'.

The grains sent up by the elevator stove 9 are carried to the center of the storage tank 4 by the equalizer 2, fall onto a scattering plate 26, and are uniformly scattered and stored in the storage tank 4.

The above process is one cycle, and depending on the drying state of the grain, the above cycle is repeated several times until the grain reaches a predetermined moisture content. Normally, when drying grains such as paddy, water does not evaporate until the grain temperature reaches a certain temperature, and only the grain temperature changes.Then, once the grain temperature reaches a certain temperature, only the surface water evaporates. , grain temperature and drying rate are both kept constant.

However, this holding period does not exist unless the grain is extremely moist, and the grain usually moves on to the next step.

That is, moisture moves from the inside of the grain to the surface, and the moisture on the surface is evaporated and carried away by hot air, raising the grain temperature and gradually decreasing the drying rate. In this way, in order to evaporate the moisture in the grains, it is said that the grain overflow must be raised to a certain temperature, but in the present invention, the grains are not allowed to flow down into the second flow path 13 of the drying chamber 6. By uniformly flooding the grains with warm air through the holes 21 of the hot air blower frame 7 of the heating tank 5 before drying, the moisture inside the grains is induced to move to the surface. , the next drying time in the drying chamber 6 can be greatly shortened.

In addition, the air blowing temperature during drying can be kept low, thereby suppressing the occurrence of shell cracking of the grains.Also, there is no discoloration of the grain skin, and the finished product is uniformly dried.
Since grain components are not destroyed at high temperatures, high-quality grains can be provided, and the grain can be hulled immediately after drying.

Also, while flowing down the second flow path 13, a large amount of dust mixed into the grains is removed by the suction 9E blower! Exhaust frame 12 by 6
Since it uses a so-called windsock method in which most of the dust is sucked up from the air and discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 15, there is no clogging phenomenon that occurs when removing with an air circulation filter. There are also advantages such as there is no need to stop the operation and clean it, and dry grains that are free from contamination with dust can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a dryer according to the present invention, and FIG.
The previous figure is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line C-C. 1...Dryer body, 4...Storage tank, 5...
...Heating tank, 6...Drying room, 7...Hot air counter, 8...', first flow path, 9...Hot air generator, 11 ...... Ventilation blow frame, 12... Exhaust frame,
13... Second flow passage, 14... Overflow/humidity adjustment device, 15... Exhaust port, 16... Suction exhaust fan, ]8...・Grain collection tank, 19... Lifting machine. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A storage tank, a heating tank, a drying room, and a grain collecting tank are sequentially installed three-dimensionally in a dryer that has a grain input port at the top, and the heating tank has a heating tank with one end communicating with a hot air generator. Wind blower frames are arranged in parallel to form a first flow path between each frame, and the drying room includes a ventilation blower frame with one end communicating with the temperature/humidity adjustment device and the other end closed. Low-temperature drying of grains, characterized in that exhaust frames whose side ends communicate with exhaust ports are alternately arranged in parallel so that a second flow path is formed between each frame, and the exhaust ports are equipped with a suction exhaust fan. Device.