JPS6077392A - Heat accumulation type electric heater - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a regenerative electric heater used in a space heater or the like.

Conventional configuration and its problems Traditionally, as a local heater for the human body, an electric heater embedded in a heat insulator has been widely used, but in this conventional electric heater, the weight code is always required. and
The spatial usage range of the heater is limited to the length of its power cord.

In recent years, there has been a demand for a heater that continues to have a heating function for a certain period of time even after the power to the electric heater is turned off, and this requires the development of a regenerative electric heater. In addition, such a heat storage type electric heater is required to be lightweight, flexible, short in heat storage time (high heat storage efficiency), high in safety, and low in cost. On the other hand, the conventional latent heat storage method has a structure in which a latent heat storage material is housed in a robust heat storage tank, and a heating element such as an electric heater is embedded in the latent heat storage material. If this conventional latent heat storage method was adopted as the heat storage method of the above-mentioned heater, there would be problems in terms of weight, flexibility, cost, etc.

Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric heater for use in heaters, heat insulators, etc. using a latent heat storage method, which is lightweight, flexible, has high heating (heat storage) efficiency, high safety, and low cost. It is about providing.

Structure of the Invention The basic structure of the present invention is to install at least two or more heating elements on at least one side of a flexible sheet, electrically connect them with open sound sorted wires, and store a latent heat storage material. The heating element is covered and surrounded by a sealed container. Further, the heating element is a linear, ribbon-shaped, or planar heating element coated with electrical insulation as required, and is configured in close contact with a sealed container housing the latent heat storage material.

A regenerative electric heater having such a configuration is flexible and lightweight, has high heat storage material heating efficiency, and is low in cost. Here, cloth and plasti are used as lightweight flexible sorting materials.

In addition to electrically insulating materials such as film and plastic laminate film, metal foil, metal foil/plastic laminate film, and the like can be used. If an electrically insulating sheet is used (a, if the sealed container containing the heat damage material is also made of electrically insulating material such as plastic), it is not necessary to cover the heating element and lead wires with electrical insulation, but Safety is further improved by coating with electrical insulation. On the other hand, plastic, metal foil, metal foil/plastic laminate film, etc. can be used as the material for the sealed container that houses the latent heat storage material. These have excellent characteristics in terms of light weight, chemical resistance, water resistance, safety, and cost.

Further, the configuration of the present invention is that after the heating element is attached and fixed to a flexible sheet, the heating element is covered and surrounded by a sealed container, and the entire heating element of the sealed container is bonded with a thermally conductive adhesive. Alternatively, the sealed container is glued and fixed to a flexible notebook. In the latter case, in order to improve thermal contact between the heating element and the latent heat storage material, a thermally conductive filler is filled in the gap between the heating element and the sealed container. In particular, the latter has excellent long-term reliability. Furthermore, these configurations are also required for work I11.
Excellent rl productivity.

The structure of the present invention is to first adhere and fix the heating element to a sealed container with a thermally conductive adhesive, and then adhere and fix the sealed container to a flexible sheet. This configuration is also easy to work with.

It is excellent in mass productivity and is effective in increasing the heating efficiency of heat storage materials.

Still, the configuration of the present invention is such that the connecting portion between the heating element and the Riet wire maintains thermal contact with the sealed container (latent heat storage material) directly or indirectly via a flexible sheet, and this configuration The surface temperature of the heating element is uniform in all parts, which has the effect of increasing the safety and reliability of the heating element.

Further, the configuration of the present invention includes a configuration in which thermal contact between the heating element and the sealed container is indirect through a flexible sheet. 11,
2-0 Description of Examples Example (1) A latent heat storage electric heater as shown in FIG. 1 was prototyped. 1
1 is a heating element, here made of a copper alloy wire whose surface is electrically insulated, and has an outer diameter of 3j1711. Length 30Cnr2
．． A heater wire with a power consumption of 60 W (applied voltage of 100 V) was used. Lead wires 12 were connected to both ends of the linear heating element. Reference numeral 14 denotes a sealed container for storing the latent heat storage material, which has a shape shown in Fig. 1, with a length of 32 cnL and an internal volume of B.
A 5 ca plastic hollow molded body was used. After filling the latent heat storage layer 16 into the sealed container 14, the container was sealed.

The latent heat storage material 16 used here was sodium acetate trihydrate containing 1% by weight of the supercooling inhibitor pyrophosphate decahydrate, 110 grf (filled into one container 14, and then sealed) The heating element 11 and the lead wires 12 are embedded in the four parts (FIG. 1a) provided in the container 14, and the heating element 11 is inserted into the recess provided in the outer wall of the sealed container 14 using a thermally conductive adhesive. At this time, the connection part 13 between the heating element 11 and the lead wire 12 was fixed so as to be in contact with the outer wall of the sealed container 14, and to maintain thermal contact with the latent heat storage material 16 through the outer wall. .Four sealed containers 14 identical to those obtained in the same way were made, and they were fixed to a flexible sheet 17 in parallel as shown in FIG.

In this case, the heating element 11 was brought into contact with the outer wall surface of the sealed container 14 to which it was fixed, or with one side of the flexible sheet 1.

The flexible sheet used here has a length of 33 mm and a width of 20 CIn.
A heat-resistant adhesive was used to fix the sealed container 14 on one side of the dovetail and the front using a glass film.Finally, four heating elements were connected in parallel.

In this way, the regenerative electric heater shown in FIG. 1 was created. The melting point of this latent heat storage layer 16 is 58'C, and the freezing point is 1d53°C1, and the heat of melting and solidification is 60cal/7. The average specific heat in solid form is 0.3 cal/79'C, and the specific heat in fi form is 0.7 cal/fC. Therefore, when the outside air temperature is 6°C9 and the heat storage temperature level is set to 65°C, the heat storage capacity of this storage type heater is the sum of the latent heat amount of 26.41 cal and the sensible heat amount of 9.21 cal, which is 35.61 cal, and the heater power is 240 W (applied voltage 100■), so
The time required to store that amount of heat in an adiabatic state is 10 minutes and 21 seconds.

Next, this regenerative electric heater can be used as a heater for an electric vest, which is a local heater. As a result of embedding this heat storage type heater in the heat retention area of the vest, when the power is turned on, the vest enters the heat retention state (2OW heat radiation) and the temperature of the latent heat storage material 16 reaches the set temperature in 11 minutes and 30 seconds after the power is turned on. Even if the temperature reaches 65°C and the power is turned off at this point, it will remain warm (20W heat dissipation) for the next two hours.

Conventional electric vests (heater power is 20W for comparison) can maintain heat retention (20W heat dissipation) when the power is turned on, but rapidly lose their heat retention function when the power is turned off. On the other hand, when the heat storage type electric heater of the embodiment of the present invention (heater power: 240 W, heat storage capacity: 35.61 cal) is used, the heat retention function can be maintained even after the power is turned off. Furthermore, this regenerative electric heater is lightweight (approximately 600 mm), flexible, low cost, and highly practical.

Example? ) We prototyped a latent heat storage type electric heater as shown in Figure 2. 2
1 is a heating element, and here the same heater wire as used in Example (1) was used. Lead wires 22 were connected to both ends of the linear heating element. Four identical heating elements were made, and as shown in Fig. 2, two of them were placed on the top surface of the flexible sheet 27, and the remaining two were placed on the opposite bottom surface parallel to each other, and also on the top surface. They were fixed alternately to the bottom surface. The flexible sheet 27 used here was a cloth with a mesh 33 having a width rl'l 20 thm, and the heating element 21 was fixed to the cloth using a heat-resistant adhesive and sewing. 24 and 25 are sealed containers that house latent heat storage containers, and here they are made of polyethylene (6
A plastic laminate film consisting of three layers (0 pm)/Al foil (9 μm)/nylon (12 μm) was used as the container material, and a tube-shaped container was created by thermo-compression sealing with the polyethylene side facing inside. As 24, tube-shaped containers having a length of 32 and an internal volume of so, y, respectively, were prepared. 24 has a latent heat storage material 26 in the container 88
Then, 62 g of the same was filled into No. 25 S container, and then sealed. The scorching heat storage tube 26 used here is the same as that used in Example (1). Four pieces each of the same items as Nos. 24 and 25 were made. Then, each of the four heating elements 21 is covered and surrounded by the four sealed containers 24,
The container 24 was fixed to the flexible sheet 27 with a heat-resistant adhesive. On the opposite side of the flexible sheet 27, each sealed container 25 was fixed to the flexible sheet 27 with a heat-resistant adhesive as shown in FIG. Finally, four heating elements were connected in parallel. In this way, the regenerative electric heater shown in FIG. 2 was created. Now, when the outside air temperature is 5°C and the heat storage temperature level is set to 65°C, the heat storage capacity of this regenerative electric heater is the sum of the latent heat amount of 361 cal and the sensible heat amount of 121 cal, which is 48.5 kal, and the heater power is 240 W (applied voltage of 100 ), the time required to store that amount of heat in an adiabatic state is 14 minutes and 6 seconds.

Next, this regenerative electric heater can be used as a heater for an electric vest, as in Example (1).

As a result of burying this heat storage type heater in the insulation material of the vest, when the power is turned on, the vest enters the heat insulation state (20W heat dissipation) and reaches the latent heat storage temperature 26 in 15 minutes and 23 seconds after the power is turned on. Even if the temperature reaches 65'GK and the power is turned off at this point, it will remain warm for 2 hours and 49 minutes (2
0W heat dissipation) could be maintained. In this way, when the heat storage electric heater of the embodiment of the present invention (heater power 240W, heat storage capacity 48.51 eaf) is used, the heat retention function can be maintained even after the power is turned off. Moreover, this regenerative electric heater is lightweight (approximately 700 y), flexible, low cost, and highly practical.

Example (3) A latent heat storage electric heater as shown in FIG. 3 was prototyped. 3
Here, a sheet heater was used as a single heating element, which was made of nickel alloy foil with an electrically insulated surface, had an area of 5 cm, had a diameter of 3 mm, and had a power consumption of 20 W (applied voltage: 25 V). Twelve of these same planar heaters were created, and four of them were connected in series as shown in Fig. 3 to create three series bodies.
Furthermore, the series bodies were connected in parallel. 12 is a lead wire, and the length of the series connection between the heating elements was 3 mm. Twelve such planar heaters were fixed to one side of a flexible sheet 37 with a heat-resistant adhesive as shown in Fig. 3.The flexible sheet 37 used here was a plastic film with an area of 346 m x 20 cm. It is. 34 and 35 are sealed containers for storing the latent heat storage material, and here they are made of the same material as the plastic laminate film used in Example (2), and are sealed with a length of 6 cm, a width of 4 crn, and an inner part by thermocompression bonding/ru. Create 24 bags with a total size of 16.8 Cffl, and make 34 of those bags.
After 20y of the same latent heat storage material 35 as used in Example (1) was filled into the bags 35 and 35, the bags were sealed. These 12 sealed containers 34 are placed on top of the planar heater.
The remaining 12 sealed containers 35 were each fixed below the planar heater via a flexible sheet 37. Note that between the planar heater 31 and the sealed container 34 and the flexible seam 37
A thermally conductive filler (Cu powder) was filled between the sealed container 35 (the area where the planar heater is located) and the sealed container 34 and the periphery of the sealed container 350 were fixed to a flexible sheet with an adhesive. The connection portion 33 between the heating element 31 and the lead wire 32 was kept in thermal contact with the latent heat storage material 36 via the wall of the sealed container or the flexible sheath 1f. The heat storage electric heater shown in Fig. 3 created in this way has a heat storage capacity of 3 s and 5 lcal (
However, the outside air temperature was 5°C, the heat storage temperature level was 66°C), and the heater power was 240W (100V applied).

When this heat storage type electric heater is used as a heater for an electric vest as in Example (1), when the power is turned on, the vest enters the heat retention state of 20W heat radiation, and the latent heat storage starts in 12 minutes and 18 seconds after the power is turned on. The temperature of 236 reached the set temperature of 65°C, and even if the power was cut off at this point, it was able to maintain the heat retention state (20W heat dissipation) for 2 hours and 15 minutes.Moreover, this regenerative electric heater Lightweight (approx. 65
0y), is flexible, low cost, and highly practical.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the heat storage type electric heater of the present invention can store heat for a short time (
(e.g. within 30 minutes), long-term heat dissipation (e.g. 2 hours or more)
A heater with high heat storage efficiency can be obtained. Furthermore, the configuration of the present invention provides a heater that is lightweight, flexible, highly safe, and low cost, and enables cordless use when used as a heater for a local heater or the like. . .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 a, b, Figure 2 a, b, and Figure 3 a. b is a cross-sectional view and a plan view, respectively, showing an embodiment of the regenerative electric heater of the present invention. 11.21.31...Heating element, 12,22.32
... Lead wire, 13 , 23 , 33 ... Connection part between heating element and lead wire, 14, 15, 24, 25,
34゜35...Sealed container for storing latent heat storage material, 1
6゜26.36...Latent heat storage material, 17,27,37
...Flexibility/-t. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure (α) 2nd (b)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) At least two or more heating elements are installed on at least one side of the I'iT flexible sheet, the heating elements are electrically connected by lead wires, and the latent heat storage material is housed. The heat storage type electric heater is formed by surrounding the heating element in a sealed container. (2) The regenerative electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the flexible sheet is an electrically insulating sheet made of cloth, plastic film, or plastic laminate film. (3) A regenerative electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the heating element and the lead wire are coated with electrical insulation. (4) The regenerative electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is a linear, ribbon-shaped, or planar heating element. (5) The heat storage type electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is provided in close contact with the sealed container. (6) The regenerative electric heater according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the heating element and the sealed container is filled with a thermally conductive filler. (a) The heat storage type electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the heating element and the sealed container are bonded together with a thermally conductive adhesive. (8) The heat storage type electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is closely fixed to a flexible sheet. (9) The regenerative electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the sealed container is fixed to a flexible sheet. (10) The regenerative electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the sealed container is brought into thermal contact with the heating element via a flexible member. (11) The heat storage according to claim 1, wherein the connection portion between the heating element and the lead wire is in thermal contact with the sealed container directly or indirectly through a flexible sheet. type electric heater. (12) The sealed container is made of glass or metal foil.
Alternatively, the heat storage type electric heater according to claim 1 is constructed of metal foil/Glastino laminate film.