JPS6060218A - Exhaust apparatus for engine with turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To protect accessories of an engine and a cabin of a vehicle against heat, by branching an exhaust passage formed in a bank not having a supercharger into a first passage joining the upstream side of a turbine of a supercharger and a second passage having a waste gate that does not pass the supercharger. CONSTITUTION:Air supercharged by a blower of a supercharger 13 is introduced into a surge tank 7 and then supplied into cylinders 2, 3 formed respectively in two banks 5, 6. Exhaust gas introduced into an exhaust manifold 11 located on the side of a first bank 5 is carried into a turbine housing of the supercharger 13, while exhaust gas introduced into an exhaust manifold 12 located on the side of a second bank 6 is carried into the turbine housing via a first passage 30 since a waste gate 32 is closed at the time of low-load or low-speed operation of an engine. At the time of high-load, high-speed operation of the engine, on the other hand, the waste gate 32 is opened, so that the exhaust gas is carried through a second passage 31.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a 1-no-1 air system for a turbocharged engine or a horizontally opposed engine, mainly for automobiles.

(Prior art) When a turbocharger is installed on a J type engine or a horizontally opposed engine, the engine is equipped with two banks each having a plurality of cylinders. In some cases, each turbine is interposed on the exhaust passage of both banks, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-122122 or Japanese Utility Model Application No. In some cases, the υ1 air passages of both banks are merged and guided to the turbine of one turbocharger, but in the former case there is an lFI point in terms of cost, and in the latter case, two exhaust passages are used. The following problem arises due to the relationship of merging the two.

In other words, if there is only one supercharger, the supercharger should be placed near one bank due to the layout, and the exhaust passage of the other bank should be passed toward the front, up, or behind the engine. It is customary to merge the exhaust gas upstream of the feeder's turbine, but in that case, the high-temperature exhaust passage passes close to the engine, so it does not have a negative impact on the various auxiliary machines installed around the engine. In addition, when the exhaust passage is made to pass below or above the engine, the overall height of the engine increases, and when it is not passed through the back of the engine, the heat source is located just before the small chamber via the dash board. In particular, the rear part of the engine is a position where the running wind is blocked by the engine and cannot be cooled, so the temperature of the exhaust passage that passes through this position becomes extremely high. This worsens the temperature environment inside the vehicle.

(Purpose of Light) The present invention addresses the above-mentioned situation regarding the 1/1 air system of an engine having two banks and equipped with one turbo supercharger. 1. In general, in engines equipped with a supercharger, in order to prevent the supercharging pressure from increasing excessively, some of the exhaust gas is released without being supplied to the turbine during high load A speed when the amount of exhaust gas is large. The purpose is to utilize this to prevent heat damage to the conductor, engine accessories, etc. as mentioned above.

(Structure of the Invention) The exhaust modification of the turbocharged engine according to the present invention is as follows:
In order to achieve the above objectives, it is structured as follows.

That is, the first .h cylinders each have a plurality of cylinders. In a V-type engine or a horizontally opposed engine in which the second bank is installed, a turbocharger turbine is interposed in the exhaust passage on the first bank side near the first bank,
Near the second bank, the exhaust passage on the second bank side is branched into a first passage and a second passage, and the first passage avoids passing near the end face of the engine. When merging into the Jt, the second passage is directly connected to the exhaust passage, or the turbine in the exhaust passage of the first bank is sufficiently far away.
; connected to the flow side V1 and controlling the supercharging pressure to the second passage 611;
A single strike gate will be provided. This waste gate is
When the exhaust gas m is low at low speeds or under low load, in other words, when the exhaust gas temperature is low and there is no problem of heat damage, the second
The passage is closed and the entire amount of exhaust gas discharged from the cylinders of the second bank is supplied to the turbine of the supercharger via the first passage. Further, at high load and high speed when the amount of exhaust gas is large and the exhaust gas temperature is high, the second passage is opened, and the exhaust gas from the second bank side is released to the outside air through the second passage. This prevents excessive increase in boost pressure,
In addition, heat damage to the spare parts and the cabin due to the exhaust passage passing near the engine and the passenger compartment is prevented.

(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1.2, the engine 1 has a plurality of cylinders 2, 2, 3, and 3, respectively, and a first cylinder arranged at a predetermined angle around the crankshaft 4. It has second banks 5 and 6, and a bridge tank 7 is disposed above the intermediate portion of both banks 5.6. From this surge tank 7, intake passages 10...10 of the same number as the number of cylinders are branched off, each communicating with the intake bows 1 to (not shown) of the cylinder heads 8 and 9 in both banks 5.6. Also, the cylinder head 8.9 is installed in both banks 5 and 6.
There are multiple exhaust ports (not shown) on each outer side of the
1st to avoid 4 confluence. 2nd JJF Ki Manibold 11.1
2 is provided.

On the other hand, the engine 1 is equipped with a turbo supercharger 13 near the first bank 5 located on the right side in the drawing. A connecting shaft 18 connects the turbine 15 housed in the turbine housing 14 and the blower 17 housed in the blower housing 16.
A flowmeter and an air cleaner (not shown) are connected to the air intake port 16a of the blower housing 16 via the intake pipe 19. The valve 1 outlet 1611M is connected to the supercharging passage 20, and the passage 20 is connected to the valve 21 through the throttle body 22 containing the valve 21.
- communicated with the tank 7. Further, the turbine housing 14 is provided with an exhaust port 14a and an exhaust outlet 14b.
), and the exhaust population 14a is located where the supercharger 13 is located.
It is connected to the exhaust manifold 11 on the first bank 5 side, and an exhaust passage 23 extending rearward is connected to the exhaust outlet 1/Ib.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the engine 1 is connected to the front part of the vehicle body, and a crankshaft 4 extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body within an engine room 26 that is separated from the vehicle interior 25 by a board 24. A transmission 27 is attached to the rear end face. Further, the exhaust passage 23 is guided below the passenger compartment 25 toward the rear of the vehicle body, and a catalytic converter 28 and a muffler 29 are provided in the passage 23 from the engine 1 side.

In this engine 1, as shown in FIG. 4, the second exhaust manifold 12, which is attached to the cylinder head 9 of the second panchronometer, connects the first passage 30 and the second passage 31 in the vicinity of the second panchromatic cylinder. It is branched into. 1st aisle 3
0 is located on the rear end surface of the engine 1 and flows above the transmission 27 to join the exhaust manifold 11 on the side of the first bank 5 on the upstream side of the turbine of the turbocharger 13 provided near the first bank 5. ing. Also, 2nd street, 3rd street
1 extends rearward under the vehicle compartment 25, and J as shown in FIG. between the vessels 29). And the second passage 3
A waste gate 32 is provided at a downstream position of a branch part with a first passage 30 that enters the passage 1. This Ukosu] - Gate 32G, - [Note 1 From inside the Noge tank γ to the communication path 3
The supercharging pressure is introduced through the diaphragm 34 through the Urad 35 and the lever 36. The second passage 31 is closed as shown by V, but when the boost pressure exceeds a predetermined value lζ, the second passage 31 is opened as shown by the chain line V.
Ru.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

The air sucked in from the lacrina (not shown) by the blower 17 of the super@machine 13 is installed in the supercharging passage 20 and passes through the IC.
After the flow rate is adjusted by the throttle valve 21, it flows into the surge tank 7, and from the surge tank 7, it passes through each intake passage 10...10 to the cylinders 2...2, 3,... of both banks 5.6. ...3 are respectively supplied. In addition, the lζ exhaust gas generated by combustion in each cylinder 2...2, 3...3 is generated by the cylinder head 8 of both banks 5, 6.
．． Installed on the 1st and 2nd exhaust manifolds 11.
12, but the supercharger 13 is provided and the IC
The exhaust gas that has flowed into the exhaust manifold 11 on the side of the first bank 5 flows into the turbine housing 14 of the supercharger 13 and drives the turbine 15 . As a result, the blower 17 is rotated, and the air sucked from one aculea as described above is passed through the surge tank 7 to each cylinder 2.
...2,3...3 is supercharged.

After driving the turbine 15, this exhaust gas is led to the exhaust gas through the catalytic converter 28 and two mufflers through the exhaust passage 23, and is discharged to the outside air.

On the other hand, the path of the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust manifold 12 on the second panchromatic side is changed depending on the operating state of the engine 1. In other words, when the φ supercharging pressure generated by the supercharger 13 in J3 is low during low load or low speed, this supercharging pressure is introduced from the surge tank 7 through the communication path 33 into the die 17 flam 34. Due to this operation, the waste gases 1 to 32 in the second passage 31 branched from the second exhaust manifold 12 are completely closed. Therefore, all the exhaust gas that has flowed into the 21st J) air manifold 12 is transferred to the first passage 30.
and is guided to the upstream side of the turbine of the supercharger 13 by the passage 30. As a result, the supercharger 13
The turbine 15 is also driven by the exhaust gas discharged from the second eighth ink 6 side, and as a result, the supercharging pressure is increased and the output is increased.

By the way, in this case, the exhaust gas is branched from the second exhaust manifold 12 and passes through the first passage 30 that passes along the rear end surface of the engine 1 and just before the passenger compartment 25. Since the operating state of the engine is low load or low speed, and the exhaust gas temperature is low, the exhaust gas passing through the first passage 30 damages the auxiliary equipment installed near the rear end of the engine 1 and the passenger compartment. 25 will not suffer from heat damage.

However, when the engine 1 is operating in a high-load, high-speed state in which a large amount of high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged, and the boost pressure rises above a predetermined value, the boost pressure is introduced. As the wastegate 32 is opened by the operation of the diaphragm 34, the second panchromatic cylinder 3
... 3 flows from the second exhaust manifold 12 to the second passage 31 side. Therefore, the amount of exhaust gas introduced into the turbine housing 14 of the supercharger 1fi13 is reduced, and the supercharging pressure is prevented from increasing excessively beyond the predetermined value.

At the same time, the high-temperature exhaust gas hardly or not passes through the first passage 30 passing near the rear end surface of the engine 1 and the passenger compartment 25, so that the exhaust gas does not damage the auxiliary equipment or the passenger compartment 25. Heat damage is prevented. Here, the second passage 31 through which the high temperature 171 gas passes is the passenger compartment 2.
5, but this position is easily affected by the cooling effect of the running wind, and the second passage 37 -
The cabin 25 will not suffer heat damage from the exhaust gas.

Note that the second passage 31 shown in -E is led from the first bank 5 side as shown by the chain line in FIG. It's so hard to open up.

In addition, as shown by the chain line in FIG. 3, a partition wall is provided at the point where the first exhaust manifold 11 and the first passage 30 branched from the second exhaust manifold 12 join together in the upstream part of the turbine of the supercharger I 13. 38 to tΩGj, the 1st. When the exhaust gases from both the second exhaust manifolds 11 and 12 drive the turbine 15, collision of the 171 gases from both sides is prevented, and the dynamic pressure effect of both exhaust gases is effectively utilized. This will improve the driving efficiency. In addition, in connection with this, the second exhaust manifold 12# is
In order to increase the flow rate of exhaust gas from II, the first passage 3o is narrowed in this embodiment.

Furthermore, at high load and high speed, even though the wastegate 32 is completely closed and the exhaust gas on the second exhaust manibold 12 side is no longer supplied to the supercharger 13 side, the exhaust gas on the first exhaust manibold 11 side is not supplied to the supercharger 13 side. If there is a possibility that the supercharging pressure exceeds a predetermined value due to exhaust gas, the exhaust port 14a and the exhaust outlet 14 are connected to the turbine housing 14 of the supercharger 13.
In addition to providing a bypass passage that directly connects B and B, an auxiliary waste gas 1- is provided in this passage, which is opened by a diaphragm 39 through which supercharging pressure is introduced from the surge tank, as shown by the chain line in Fig. 3. You may also do so.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, when an engine having two banks, such as a V-type engine or a horizontally opposed engine, is equipped with one turbo supercharger, the 1) Branch the air passage provided in the bank that is not equipped with 1) into a first passage and a second passage, and pass the g51 passage near the end face of the engine and join it to the upstream side of the turbine of the above supercharging number. In addition, since the second passage that does not pass through the supercharging ti is equipped with a wastegate that controls the supercharging pressure, the wastegate prevents excessive supercharging pressure from occurring at high load and high speed with a large amount of exhaust gas. In addition to preventing the above-mentioned H, exhaust gas is allowed to flow into the first passage passing near the end face of the carrot or near the passenger compartment only at low load or low speed. Become. In this type of engine, heat damage to the auxiliary equipment and the passenger compartment in the passage leading exhaust gas to the supercharger can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of the exhaust system α, FIG. 2 is a rear view thereof, FIG. 3 is a right side view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a left side view thereof. FIG. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the wastegate section in FIG. 4. 1...Engine, 2,3...Cylinder, 4...Crankshaft 17F1~. 5...1st bank, 6...2nd bank
Bank, 11.23...Exhaust passage of the first bank (11
. . . 1st exhaust manifold), 12 . . . 2nd bar. exhaust passage (second exhaust manifold), 13...turbocharger, 15...turbine, 30...first passage, 31...second passage, 32... 1
~ Applicant Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 7 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A first cylinder, each having a plurality of cylinders. In an engine in which a second bank is arranged at an angle around the crankshaft, a turbine of a turbocharger is interposed in the vicinity of the first bank in an exhaust passage communicating with the cylinders of the first bank. On the other hand, the exhaust passage communicating with the cylinders of the second bank is branched into a first passage and a second passage near the second bank, and the first passage is passed through near the end face of the engine to the exhaust passage on the first bank side. a wastegate that connects the upstream part of the turbine, opens the second passage to the atmosphere or communicates with the exhaust passage sufficiently downstream of the turbine on the first bank side, and controls the supercharging pressure in the second passage; An exhaust system for an engine equipped with a turbo supercharger.