JPS6054454B2 - How to transport large offshore structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for transporting a large offshore structure, and more specifically, a method for transporting a large marine structure by transporting a ship Γ, -D onto a basic structure installed on the sea.
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For example, offshore structures such as offshore oil field equipment and plants that are mounted on offshore foundation structures are large in size and weight, so they are built as one piece and installed all at once on a crane ship (barge), etc. That is impossible.

For this reason, in the past, structures were built by dividing them into multiple relatively small blocks, depending on the capacity of the crane ship, and these were transported to the installation site on a barge, and the pre-installed foundation structure was The blocks will be moved one by one using a crane ship, and then connections such as piping and wiring between each block will be made. Therefore, the amount of on-site offshore installation work and post-installation connection work is large, and efficiency is low.
There are problems in that the construction period is long and costs increase. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is possible to easily transfer a large marine structure built as one piece or a large block thereof from a ship onto a substructure, and thus a large offshore structure or a large block thereof can be easily transferred from a ship to a foundation structure. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for transporting large marine structures that can significantly shorten the construction period for marine structures and on-site installation work, and improve safety during installation work.

The method according to the present invention, when transferring a large marine structure from a ship to a foundation/structure installed on the sea, is equipped with a plurality of horizontal rollers at the bottom that roll on the ship and roll on the foundation structure. Two longitudinally movable elongated carts equipped with a plurality of horizontal rollers on the upper sides, parallel to each other, are interposed between the ship and the offshore structure above it. After positioning it near the foundation structure, the bottom roller is rolled on the ship to move the cart to the foundation structure, the top roller is placed on the foundation structure, the bottom roller is rolled on the ship, and the top By rolling the rollers over the foundation structure, the cart is moved further toward the foundation structure, the marine structure is transferred onto the foundation structure, and a jack installed at the bottom of the marine structure is used to move the marine structure to the foundation structure. The feature is that the marine structure is supported on an object and lifted above the truck, and after the truck is recovered, the marine structure is lowered onto the foundation structure using a jack.

According to this invention, large marine structures can be easily transferred from a ship to a foundation structure without using a crane ship or the like.
It can be done safely and reliably.

Therefore, it is possible to integrate large offshore structures or increase the size of the blocks, and to increase the number of parts built in well-managed factories, it is possible to obtain high-quality offshore structures, and The construction period for offshore structures can be shortened. In addition, installation work on-site at sea is easy and the work of connecting pipes and piping is reduced, making it possible to shorten the installation work period, and in addition to shortening the construction period, it is possible to reduce the cost of offshore structures. It is. Also, when the cart moves, the upper roller rolls on the foundation structure, so there is a gap between the cart and the foundation structure. The friction of
It is safe because large horizontal forces do not act on the foundation structure. Furthermore, since the offshore structure is lifted up using a jack, it is possible to recover the truck easily and quickly. Furthermore, since the rollers on the upper sides of the bogie roll on the "substructure", even if the height of the bogie increases due to strength requirements, the upper surface of the substructure and the top surface of the bogie, i.e. the marine structure, The vertical distance from the bottom of the object can be made small, so the stroke of the jack can be made small. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show a first embodiment, in which a large marine structure 1
(1). Installation work is carried out as follows.

First, a marine structure 1 built at a land-based facility is placed on two elongated trolleys 2, and a work boat (barge) 3 is placed on it by an appropriate means.
Move it to the top and fix it to the ship 3 together with the trolley 2.

The work boat 3 is provided with four support legs 4 that can be raised and lowered, two on each side of the hull 5.

Each support leg 4 penetrates the hull 5 vertically, and has a lifting device (
(not shown) allows the hull 5 and the support legs 4 to move up and down relative to each other and to be fixed at arbitrary positions. Then, when moving the marine structure 1 onto the ship 3,
A ship 3 is moored to a quay, the support legs 4 are brought to the bottom of the seabed, and the hull 5 is fixed at a position that matches the quay. Two mutually parallel L-shaped members 6 are fixed to opposite sides of the bottom surface of the marine structure 1, and a guide rail 7 is provided on the horizontal upper surface of each L-shaped member 6 to extend in the length direction thereof. It is being

Additionally, a plurality of jacks 8 consisting of downward hydraulic cylinders are installed at appropriate positions on the bottom of the offshore structure 1, and their piston rods 9 are retracted above the bottom of the offshore structure 1. A plurality of horizontal chill rollers (bottom rollers) 11 that roll on the ship 3 are attached to the bottom surface of the bottom plate 10 .

The top plate 12 of the truck 2 extends horizontally on both sides, and a plurality of horizontal chill rollers 13 for recovering the truck are attached to the lower surface of the top plate 12 on one side. Further, a roller support leg 15 is fixed between the top plate 12 on the opposite side and the upper part of the side plate 14 of the truck 2, and a jacket (foundation structure) is attached to the lower surface of this frame 15.
Horizontal chill roller (upper roller) 17 rolling on 16
is installed. Annular guide grooves 18 and 19 are provided on the center outer periphery of the trolley recovery roller 13 and the upper roller 17.
are provided for each. In addition, all the rollers 11,
13 and 17 are parallel to each other, and due to these, the trolley 2
is movable along its length. The two carts 2 are arranged parallel to each other under the marine structure 1 so that the cart recovery rollers 13 are located directly above the rails 7 of the L-shaped members 6 of the marine structure 1.

Then, the truck 2 may be inserted under the structure 1 during or at an appropriate time after the construction of the marine structure 1, or the structure 1 may be constructed on the truck 2 from the beginning. 2 trolleys 2
Once the marine structure 1 is placed on the ship 3, the support legs 4 are removed from the seabed, the ship body 5 is floated on the sea surface, and the ship 3 is towed to the installation site using a tugboat (not shown) or the like.

Jacket 16 carrying offshore structure 1 is installed on the seabed at the site.
is fixed in advance and the jacket 1 protrudes above the sea surface.
A cap truss 20 is provided at the upper end of 6.

Moreover, two mutually parallel guide rails 21 are provided on the upper surface of the cap truss 20 on both sides of the jacket 16. The mutual spacing of these rails 21 is the same as that of the two trolleys 2.
The distance between the grooves 19 of the upper roller 17 is the same as that of the grooves 19 of the upper roller 17. When the ship 3 carrying the offshore structure 1 arrives at the site, the ship 3 is parked near the jacket 16, and when viewed from above, the lines connecting the grooves 19 of the upper rollers 17 of each bogie 2 are the rails of the jacket 16. After adjusting the position of the ship 3 so that it is on the extension line of
The height of the groove 19 on the lower side of 7 is the rail 21 of the jacket 16.
Fixed at a position that matches the height of

Next, by rolling the bottom roller 11 over the ship 3 using the cart moving device 22, the cart 2 is moved to the jacket 1.
Gradually advance to the 6th side.

At this time, the bottom roller 11 rests on the upper surface of the hull 5 and rolls thereon, but does not contact the top roller 17 at all. The moving device 22 shown in FIG. 1 is a known hydraulic jack type that is commonly used when moving heavy objects by pushing or pulling, but the structure of the moving device is arbitrary. As the truck 2 moves forward, the bottom rollers 11 separate from the ship 3 one after another, but instead, the groove 1 of the top roller 17
9 one after another on the rail 21 of the jacket 16, and the roller 17 rolls on it, so as to make the bottom roller 11 roll on the ship 3 as shown in FIG. By rolling the upper roller 17 on the rail 21, the cart 2 is further moved toward the jacket 16 side.

After moving the marine structure 1 directly above the cap truss 20, the truck 2 is stopped. As shown in FIG. 2, when the offshore structure 1 moves directly above the cap truss 20, most of the bottom rollers 11 are separated from the ship 3, and only the bottom rollers 11 at the rear end are attached to the ship 3. remains on top. Next, the rod 9 of the jack 8 attached to the offshore structure 1 is advanced downward to come into contact with the upper surface of the cap truss 20, and the rod 9 is further advanced to place the offshore structure 1 on the cap truss 20. Support it and lift it slightly above the trolley 2.

By slightly lifting the marine structure 1 in this way,
The groove 18 of the trolley recovery roller 13 fits into the rail 7 of the marine structure 1, and the trolley 2 can move freely, so the moving device 22 gradually retreats the trolley 2 toward the ship 3 and recovers it. . At this time, the bottom roller 11 rolls on the part of the bogie 2 on the ship 3 side, and the upper roller 17 rolls on the rail 21 of the jacket 16 on the part on the jacket 16 side, and the bogie is recovered. The rollers 13 roll on the rails 7 of the marine structure 1. Then, all the bottom rollers 11 are eventually placed on the ship 3, and the cart 2 is recovered on the ship 3. Once the truck 2 is recovered, the rod 9 of the jack 8 is gradually withdrawn upward, the marine structure 1 is lowered onto the cap truss 20, and the jack 8 is removed from the marine structure 1.

Although the height of the bogie 2 is quite large due to strength requirements, the height of the roller support frame 15 may be small, so the vertical distance between the top surface of the cap truss 2 and the bottom surface of the marine structure 1 is the same as that of the bogie 2. It is quite small compared to its height. Therefore,
The stroke of the jack 8 is small, and the jack 8 can be made smaller. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment, in which the structure of the truck 2 and jacket 16 and the method of collecting the truck 2 are slightly different from those of the first embodiment.

That is, the roller support frame 15 of the bogie 2 is provided with a plurality of notches 23 passing through it vertically, and the bogie 2 is positioned so that these notches 23 are directly below the jack 8 attached to the marine structure 1. Place.

This truck 2 is not provided with a roller for recovering the truck. In addition, the cap truss 20 of the jacket 16
The width is smaller than that of the first embodiment.
The rest is the same as in the first embodiment, and the same parts are given the same reference numerals. Move the trolley 2 from the work boat to the jacket 16 side and move the offshore structure 1 to the cap truss 20.
The operation up to the point where it is moved directly above the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, but multiple pulleys were temporarily attached to the offshore structure 1 at an appropriate time and the A plurality of wire lobes are connected to the trolley 2. Then, when the marine structure 1 moves directly above the cap truss 20 and the truck 2 stops, the rod 9 of the jack 8 is advanced downward through the notch 23 of the truck 2, thereby moving the rod 9 above the cap truss. The marine structure 1 is brought into contact with the top surface of the truck 20 and lifted slightly above the truck 2.

Next, the bogie 2 is
is moved in the width direction and pulled out to the side of the jacket 16,
It is then recovered on board using the work boat's crane. In this case, if the bogie 2 is moved in the longitudinal direction while the offshore structure 1 is lifted by the jack 8, the roller support frame 15 will interfere with the rod 9 of the jack 8, so as in the case of the first embodiment, the bogie 2 It is impossible to recover 2. Therefore, the truck 2 is recovered using a crane as described above, but since the truck 2 is much lighter than the marine structure 1, the recovery operation is not so difficult. The second embodiment is effective when the width of the cap truss 20 is narrow and it is difficult to secure a space to support the jack 8, for example, when the support space for the jack 8 can only be secured on the jack opening 6P leg 24. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a side view showing the offshore structure being moved toward the jacket side, and Figure 2 being the side view showing the offshore structure being moved to the jacket side. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the same, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 3, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a drawing equivalent to Figure 4,
FIG. 6 is a plan view with the marine structure of FIG. 5 removed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When transferring a large marine structure 1 from a ship 3 onto a foundation structure 16 installed on the sea, a plurality of horizontal rollers 11 that roll on the ship 3 are provided at the bottom, and a roller that rolls on the foundation structure 16 is installed at the bottom. Two longitudinally movable elongated carts 2 having a plurality of moving horizontal rollers 17 on the upper sides are interposed parallel to each other between the ship 3 and the offshore structure 1 thereon. Then, after positioning the ship 3 near the foundation structure 16, the bottom roller 11 is rolled on the ship 3 to move the cart 2 toward the foundation structure 16, and the upper roller 1 is moved to the side of the foundation structure 16.
7 on the foundation structure 16, the bottom roller 11 is rolled on the ship 3, and the upper roller 17 is placed on the foundation structure 16.
By rolling the top, the trolley 2 is further moved to the foundation structure 1.
6 side, move the marine structure 1 onto the foundation structure 16, support the marine structure 1 on the foundation structure 16 with the jack 8 provided at the bottom of the marine structure 1, and place it above the bogie 2. A method for transporting a large marine structure, which comprises lifting and recovering the truck 2, and then lowering the marine structure 1 onto a foundation structure 16 using a jack 8.