JPS6054064B2 - dental subperiosteal implant - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to dental subperiosteal implants.

As is well known, in recent years, artificially manufactured implants have been inserted into bone tissue for dental treatment and fracture treatment. It's starting to feel like this. For example, in the case of dental implants, in order to restore fallen teeth with dentures, they are implanted into the jawbone or under the abdomen of the jawbone, and the dentures are provided through these implants.

The present invention relates to a subperiostial implant (subperiostial implant) in which the implant is inserted under the abdomen of the jawbone. By the way, the reality is that this subperiosteal implant has conventionally been made of a metal material, that is, Co-Cr-Mo is used as the metal material.
Although alloys, metal TiNFe-Ni-Cr alloys, etc. have been used, subperiosteal implants made of these materials have the following drawbacks.

To enumerate these, 1. Because metal materials ionize and elute in vivo, they have poor ``compatibility'' with surrounding tissues.

2. During surgery, a slight gap is created between the subperiosteal implant and the bone surface, and if there is any looseness, bone resorption will occur in that area and the gap will become even larger. A high subperiosteal implant must be fabricated and placed.

Therefore, in order to manufacture highly accurate subperiosteal implants using the materials used, it is necessary to first take an impression of the bone surface shape of each patient and then perform precision casting based on this impression, which requires a cumbersome casting process. must be performed for each individual patient, which places a heavy burden on the practitioner and takes time. 3 Moreover, when taking the impression, the periosteum and mucous membrane on the bone surface must be incised, the incision site must be temporarily sutured after the impression is taken, and the incision and suture must be made again when implanting the implant. It is important to understand the pain suffered by patients, who are forced to undergo multiple surgeries, and if the postoperative course does not go well, they may need another surgery.

4 Furthermore, dental subperiosteal implants usually consist of a curved implant body that sits on the jawbone and a post that stands up from the top of the curve, but if it is made of metal, the base end of the post The ゜゜compatibility with the gingival mucosa in contact with this is poor, the degree of tight bonding is poor, and so-called ゜゜ pockets are formed.
This causes bacterial infection.

The present invention was devised to overcome the drawbacks of conventional metal subperiosteal implants as described above.

That is, the gist of the present invention is a dental subperiosteal implant that is inserted and seated between the subperiosteum of the jawbone and the jawbone surface, which comprises a curved ceramic implant body that fits and sits on the jawbone surface, and a bone tissue. It consists of a ceramic inner layer integrally formed on the curved inner surface of the implant body to allow and promote net-like penetration of the implant body, and a post erected above the top of the implant body. The dental subperiosteal implant is made of dense ceramics, and will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings of the respective embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment. In addition, in the figure, the same reference numerals are attached to the same corresponding parts. The subperiosteal implants 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are ceramic subperiosteal implants for dental use, and each shows a different embodiment.
The overall shape is that of a conventional metal implant. However, there is a clear difference between the so-called special product and the ready-made implant, and the implant 1 of the present invention is equipped with an inner layer that allows and promotes net-like invasion of bone tissue. There is.

That is, the subperiosteal implant of the present invention replaces the conventional metal bone described above! Unlike submembranous implants, which are cast for each individual patient, dental subperiosteal implants, such as those shown in the examples, are not special products, but are standard type subperiosteal implants that match the surface shape of the jawbone. It is a "ready-made product" that is uniformly formed in several types by factory production. The ceramic subperiosteal implant 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a bone surface a
The curved implant body 1 is inserted between the periosteum b and the periosteum b.
1 and the post 12 to which the denture c is attached are integrally formed, and a porous ceramic inner surface member 111 is curved on the curved inner surface of the curved implant body 11.
For example, a dense and strong alumina ceramic implant body 11 and a porous (
An inner surface member 111 made of ceramic such as alumina or apatite with a bore size of 50 μm to several hundred μm (Ti) is adhered and sintered to integrate the two.

Such a porous inner surface member 11-1 allows bone tissue to proliferate and infiltrate through the porous gaps of this inner surface member 111 after implantation, in order to achieve the so-called anchoring effect of the living tissue, thereby increasing the strength of the implant main body 11. The point is to strengthen it.
The implant main body 11 and the post 12 are, for example, made of alumina ceramics, to which a suitable organic binder, sintering accelerator, and grain growth inhibitor are added and are sintered into one piece. As an alternative construction to the porous inner surface member 111 for the same purpose, the ceramic subperiosteal implant 1 shown in FIG. 2 has a curved implant body 11.
and a post 12 are integrally formed, and a large number of fine ceramic beads 112 are integrally baked on the curved inner surface of the curved implant body 11,
For example, the body 1 is made of dense and strong alumina ceramics.
1 and particle size 0.2-1.07177! Fine alumina or apatite ceramic beads 112...
. . . and are integrated.

Bead baking layer 11 by this piece 112...
It goes without saying that bone tissue proliferates and invades through the 2" microgap 113. The subperiosteal implant of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional metal subperiosteal implants. It is possible to resolve all of the matters in item 4.

In other words, ceramics do not corrode or ionize in vivo and have good compatibility with surrounding tissues, and even in cases where there is a small gap between the bone surface and the implant, this gap will be filled. The bone grows and develops, allowing for a strong settlement. Therefore, in the case of ceramics, there is no need to achieve complete contact between the bone surface and the implant at the beginning of surgery, unlike in the case of metals, and the surface of the jawbone Several types of standard implants that match the shape are uniformly mass-produced at Kogyo, and the practitioner selects the one that most closely resembles the patient's bone surface shape from among these several types. Implants can be implanted by simply cutting and adjusting the bone surface to match the implant's inner surface shape, which was previously unimaginable. This requires only one surgery, and eliminates the need for at least two incisions and sutures into the mucous membrane and periosteum, which is required in the past, which not only halves the pain inflicted on the patient, but also allows the implant to be cast for each patient. Since there is no need for this, the time and effort of the practitioner is shortened, making it possible to perform implant surgery quickly. In addition, a porous ceramic inner member 111, a ceramic piece 112...
Since the baked layer 112'' is integrally attached to the curved inner surface of the implant body 11 as an inner layer,
Bone grows and develops within the porous spaces and micro-spaces of the beads.
This allows for a strong bond between the bone and the implant.

As described above, the ceramic subperiosteal implant of the present invention not only has good compatibility with the surrounding living tissue, but also can be mass-produced in a factory, reducing patient pain by half and speeding up the surgery. It is possible to achieve this, and it also promises strong integration of the implant with the bone, so its practical value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment. (Explanation of symbols), 1... Ceramic subperiosteal implant, 11... Ceramic implant body, 111... Porous inner surface member, 11
2... Ceramic beads, 112''... Bead baking layer, 12... Post, a... Bone surface, b... Periosteum, c... ...dentures, d.
...Mucous membrane.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A subperiosteal dental implant that is inserted and seated between the subperiosteum and the surface of the jawbone, which comprises a curved ceramic implant body that fits and sits on the surface of the jawbone, and bone tissue. It consists of a ceramic inner layer integrally formed on the curved inner surface of the implant body in order to allow and promote net-like penetration of the implant body, and a post erected above the top of the implant body, and the body and the post are connected to each other. A dental subperiosteal implant that is made of dense ceramic. 2. The implant according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface layer comprises a porous ceramic layer. 3. An implant according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface layer comprises a baked layer of a large number of fine ceramic beads.