JPS60501976A - Silicone release paint for effect toner transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Background of the invention of silicone release coating for effective toner transfer The present invention relates to photoconductive assemblies capable of transferring a developed toner image to a receiver. do.

Photographic microfilm, that is, microfilm that uses silver halide to form images. The lume provides resolution in the range from approximately 20 to 400 line sets/mm. Can be done. Although this level of resolution is acceptable, The created microfiche cannot be renewed, i.e. it cannot be renewed after development. It is not possible to add additional images every day because the developing system is not microfiche. This is because it destroys the photosensitivity of.

Microfiche, which can be renewed, contains a photoconductive sheet; A microimage is developed on the toner by electrostatic means. These photoconductive Gender sheets suffer from two major defects namely: (1) They generally have a colored back ground, which results in poor contrast; (2) over time , the properties of the photoconductive sheet change and become non-receptive when further renewed. .

Thus, a microimage is developed from a photoconductive sheet onto which it is electrostatically developed. Inert microfiber that provides good contrast and does not deteriorate over time It would be desirable to transfer it to a microfiche. could be renewed even after a long period of time, for example after several years.

As is well known in the art, the basic electrostatic process deposits a homogeneous electrostatic charge onto a photoconductive insulating layer. imagewise exposure to disperse the charge over the exposed areas of the layer; It involves developing the resulting electrostatic latent image with a substance known as toner.

Toner is normally attracted to these areas that hold an electrical charge, thereby increasing the electrostatic potential. A toner image corresponding to the image is formed. The toner image is then deposited on a polymer film-like It can be transferred to the surface of the support. Toner is a mixture of polymer and carbon. Insulating liquid bottles containing powdered materials or finely pulverized solid materials dispersed therein. Liquid materials containing vesicles are possible. The toner-developed micro image is preferably a powder. Made by a liquid toner developer rather than a mixed toner developer, it is Liquid toner developers have better gradation than powdered toner developers. This is because it is possible to provide a highly resolved image.

However, a problem posed by the use of liquid toner developers is the transfer from the photoconductor to the receiver. Poor transfer, especially when transfer is caused by heat, pressure, or a combination of heat and pressure. This is the case if it is achieved. Achieving transfer to improve achromatic scale conformance It is desirable to use a combination of heat and pressure to achieve this. Poor transcription is (a) low Transfer efficiency, e.g. 50 coefficients or less, and jb+ low image analysis, e.g. about 80 lines / mm or more. Low transfer efficiency is bright and/or speckled. arrive. Low-image analysis results in blurred edges.

Currently, the efficiency of toner transfer is limited when transfer is achieved by means of heat or pressure. In some cases, high water advance after any trademark liquid development, e.g. no substantial loss of resolution. In general, it is not possible to increase the amount above about 50%.

Moreover, the analysis of aquatic plants is generally limited to C water only up to 80 line sets/mm.

Summary of the invention The present invention includes an electrically conductive support, a photoconductive layer and a dry thickness of from about 5 to about ID Onm. A top coat consisting of a cured film-forming silicone polymer with A photoconductive assembly comprising: Silicone topcoat thickness on photoconductive assembly By adjusting the diameter within this range, you can achieve more than 80 line sets/mm, and often Provides image transfer with a 10-hole locking system that has a resolution of 200 lines/mm or less. It turns out that it can be done. The melting point of the cured silicone polymer is image-shaped. If the temperature is high enough to prevent the silicone polymer from liquefying during formation or image transfer, No. Liquefaction during imaging or transfer results in a hazy image. The present invention also Electrographic photoconductive assemblies such as (electrograph1cal17) was exposed to light in a sensitized state, and the liquid The entire toner image is developed with a toner developer, and virtually all toner images are developed with high resolution. The method includes the steps of transferring the image to a receptor surface. The photoconductive collector of the present invention The method is to produce microimages on microfiche by electrostatic means. It can be used for.

drawing description FIG. 1 depicts an enlarged cross-sectional view of embodiments of photoconductive assemblies of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the light guide as a function of the silicone top coat after the transfer process has been achieved. FIG. 2 is a typical graph of the optical density of ].na remaining on an electrically conductive assembly.

Detailed description of the invention The photoconductive assembly shown in FIG. 1 includes a conductive support 11, a photoconductive layer 12, and and a top coat 13 consisting of a film-forming silicone polymer.

Conductive supports 11 for photoconductive systems are well known in the art and come in two types. general types are possible: (a) conductive metals or other highly conductive materials; stacked layers or blocks; (b) a thin conductive coating on them, e.g. vapor-deposited aluminum; An insulating material such as a polymer sheet, glass, or paper that has a coating applied to it.

Photoconductive layer 12 is an organic photoconductor (Al or (Bl) dispersed in a suitable binder. Dispersions of inorganic photoconductors in particle form are possible. Photoconductive layer thickness Depends on the material used, but typically ranges from 5 to 150 micrometers. It is. The organic photoconductive layer contains a material such as a dye or pigment that generates a charge. The polymer in the layer and a suitable binder is bis-( Charges containing other materials such as benzocarbazole) phenylmethane derivatives and a transport layer. Two-layer photoconductors suitable for the present invention are Patent No. 4. No. 61,667. Alternatively, U.S. Pat. 361,637, organic photoconductors are used for charge generation and charge transport. It can include only a single layer containing both materials.

with or without binders and additives that enhance their special sensitivity Phthalocyanine pigments and polyJ-N-vinylcarbazole are not commonly used in this technology. It is knowledge. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,877,935 discloses polycyclic quinones in binders. The use of pigments as photoconductive layers is illustrated. U.S. Patent No. 3,824,099 Electrophotographic charge transport of methine squarate and triarylpyrazoline compounds Specify use as a layer. BoIJ-N-vinylcal as photoconductive insulating layer The use of Bazorno is disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,037,861. Quinones Many diverse organic photoconductors, such as the Anthrones and Anthrones, have 39, (1966), pp. 16'70-1673], However, carbazoles are still commonly used as photoconductors.

e.g. zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide dispersed in an insulating binder , and inorganic photoconductors such as antimony sulfide are well known in the art and Can be used with sensitizers if required by any of their conventional types. Ru. The binder can be chosen from any that does not already contain silicone materials. can. Preferred binders are resinous materials, including but not limited to styrene butadiene. Copolymer, modified acrylic polymer, vinyl acetate polymer, styrene-a Lucid resin, Sawyer alkyl resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, aluminum Crylonitrile, polycarbonate, polyacrylic and methacrylic esters , polystyrene, polyester, and combinations thereof.

Is the material for top coat 13 a type of film-forming silicone polymer? These can be further cross-linked by hardening action. . A preferred class of these silicone polymers has the structure of the following general formula: (In the ceremony R1, R2, and R3 independently represent hydrogen, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, or a substituted alkyl group. Kyl group, cycloalkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group, and alkenyl group selected from the group consisting of R4, R5 and R6 independently represent an alkyl group, substituted alkyl group, aryl group, alkyl group, selected from the group consisting of a lekenyl group and an epoxy group, n and m are positive integers such that n+m is in the range of about 50 to about 15,000. number or 0 (4).

If R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, or R6 is alkyl or substituted alkyl from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and preferably about 1 up to about 10 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propylene butyl, butyl, inbutyl, n-butyl, pentyl, isomethyl, hexyl, hexyl, Butyl, octyl, decyl, pentadecyl, eicosyl, oyo and similar It is. If R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, or R6 is cycloalkyl When it is a group, it is preferably a group such as cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. 5 to about 8 carbon atoms in the ring, and preferably 5 to 6 carbon atoms in the ring contains carbon atoms. If R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, or R6 are aral If it is a kill group, like benzyl, ethyl phenyl, it is preferably Contains no more than 20 carbon atoms in total. If R1, R2, R3, R4, When R5 or R6 is an alkenyl group, ethynyl, propenyl, futhynyl , pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, naphthynyl, decenyl, pendadecenyl It can range from 2 to about 24, such as ole, eicosenil, and the like. and preferably can contain from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms. Ali radicals such as phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, and the like. including, but not limited to, from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms. Alki mentioned above The group includes, but is not limited to, halogens such as chloride, bromide, fluoride, and iodide. A variety of different alkyls, including alkyl as defined herein, and the like. may contain substituents. If R4, B5, or R6 is an epoxy group, in which case it contains up to 20 carbon atoms, and preferably up to 1n carbon atoms. Can contain atoms. Most Preferred Silicone Pores for Practicing the Invention A remer is one in which H4, R5, and R6 are -CH3. 7 rice of the present invention Particularly useful silicone polymers include those in which R1 is ~OH and F2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are -CH3, and n+m is from about 2000 to about 500 It is a range.

Silicone polymers suitable for the present invention include U.S. Pat. No. 4,216.252, which are hereby incorporated by reference.

Commercially available silicones suitable for the present invention &U Mama are Dowkonin 2. , available from 7, 2. -o, ■23, sill-off 292, and sill-o F■294, O■ 5S-4310 available from General Electric Company and General Electric Company. include.

Cross-linking of these polymers by methods well known in the art produces high melting points, i.e., about 1 To provide a resinous substance that decomposes without melting at temperatures above 00°C or at high temperatures.

A discussion of these types of compounds can be found in No. 11'r Silicone Chemistry and Technology (Ch. emistry and Technology of Silicones) J, Academic Press, = knee 9-ri (Academic Pres s, New York (19t53)). Chapter 6 The resinous materials disclosed in Section 6.2 and particularly in Section 6.2 are most useful for the present invention. It is a good material.

These silicone polymers are organic, non-polar polymers such as xylene or hebutane. Dissolved in a solvent to create a low concentration solution, e.g., less than about 10% solids, and then This technique, for example, wire-wound rod, knife, extrusion, or gravure coating can be applied to the surface of the photoconductive layer by techniques well known in the art. Before applying, Additives such as adhesion promoters, pot life extenders, curing accelerators, crosslinkers, and catalysts Additives can be added. Suitable materials that can be used with these polymers Additives are well known in the art. R1 for curable silicone polymers , R2, R3, R4, R5 or R6 as substitutions for one or more hydro Ki (By knee off ■) 297 adhesion promoter/bot life extender, this is the following general formula has: oxidation promoter/cross-linking agent, which has the general formula: Si-strand OCH2CH20C H2CH20CH3)4Tau obtained from Corning Corporation, and Dow Corning ■XY-176 catalyst, obtained from Dow Corning Corporation as one or more substituents of the R3, R4, R5 or R6 group Additives for curable silicone polymers with alkenyl groups include: can contain, for example, the following general formula: Dow Corning DC-1 obtained from Dow Corning Corporation A cross-linker such as 107, with the following formula: Curing inhibitors such as dimethyl maleate and U.S. Pat. No. 3,775, Catalysts such as platinum siloxane complexes as described in No. 452.

The coating concentration of the silicone polymer is determined to give the desired coating weight on the light guiding layer. can be changed to

Typically wire-wound rods (e.g., #4 May er rod, giving a wet thickness of 9.1 micrometers). Noriyoshi Typical curing conditions are several minutes at a temperature ranging from 50°C to 150°C, preferably The duration is from 2 minutes to 10 minutes. Room temperature curing is also possible, but when cured under these conditions The time period is quite long, for example 24 hours.

Silicone polymers are used to ensure good transfer properties of images developed with liquid toners. It has been found that the thickness of the dried coating layer is of critical importance. extremely thin layer has a minimum useful limit of about 5 nm, with essentially perfect transfer and unfaded image quality. It is effective in giving sharpness to the image. At the high end of the thickness range, up to 150 nm The value in can be used depending on the toner chosen, but it exceeds i o nm. The value is generally not useful. Figure 2 shows the surface of the photoconductive assembly after transfer to the receptor sheet. The typical relationship between the optical density of black toner remaining on a silicone top coat It is shown as a function of the thickness of the sheet. Each of these curves is from i, o o nm Optimum conditions for silicone layer thickness less than i　o　nm and 5 with significant loss of transfer efficiency at sub-nm values. Hardened silicone The melting point of the polymer is also important6, as is the interfacial temperature between the photoconductive assembly and the receptor surface. often reaches levels of about 100°C or higher during the transfer process. Silico The polymer substrates should not liquefy during the transfer process, because their liquid For the body will produce a blurred and shrunken image. After all, hardened silicone The polymer should have a melting point as high as about 10°C.

The photoconductive assemblies of the present invention can be used in a wide range of conventional materials giving high lacquer resolution and good gradation. Can be applied to applications with liquid toner developers, but it is often Significant difficulties are encountered in transferring the image from the surface of the conductive assembly to the receiver. liquid Toner developers generally consist of toner particles, e.g. Characterized as a mixture of particles. A liquid toner developer is applied onto a surface that has an electrostatic image. The surface that can flow or bear the image is immersed in a dish of liquid toner and developer. can do. The toner developer may also be blown onto the surface bearing the electrostatic image. It can also be rolled. Applying liquid toner developer to the image to be developed The method can be changed. After toner development, the image is then subjected to e.g. evaporation, spraying , and/or drying by heating. Liquid with proper toner particles selected correctly When dispersed in a carrier, they acquire an electrophoretic charge of appropriate polarity. various For more information on examples of type liquid toner developers, please refer to the following publications: Thus obtained: U.S. Patent No. 2,899,355; 2.907.674; 3,053; 688; 3,058,914; 3.076,722; and and 3,135.69' 5 each. Generally, the liquid carrier has a low dielectric constant, e.g. about 3.0 (and has a resistivity greater than about 1010 ohms).

It contains a hydrocarbon or a mixture of different hydrocarbons.

These liquid carriers and mixtures of liquid carriers include benzene, toluene, and turpentine. , carbon tetrachloride, mixed halogenated hydrocarbons, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, stone Examples include materials such as oil distillates, and mixtures thereof.

The toner particles incorporated into the liquid carrier are fine particles capable of carrying an electrostatic charge.

Reference may be made to the aforementioned literature for details on material selection for these particles. Wear. These toner particles contain pigments or dyes, such as talcum. Powder, aluminum gold powder, carbon powder, gum copal, gum sandarak, iron powder - many such as carbonyl and iron oxides, especially magnetic iron particles, dyes, and colored pigments, Can be made from a variety of organic and inorganic materials. For maximum efficiency, most It is desirable to use pigments in which the minute particles acquire a charge of one sign, either positive or negative. next 1 Listed in the table are a number of pigments and liquid carriers that have a negative charge in the liquid carrier. There are many pigments that acquire a positive charge in the body. Several pigments of each type are shown in Table 1. . The carrier whose charge was measured was cyclohexane.

The particle size of toner particles generally ranges from about 0 to about 20.0 micrometers. Should. Generally, toners with smaller particle sizes produce more prints. Gives good resolution. For example, use liquid toner developers to make continuous tone copies. If it is to be developed, the particle size should be quite small to obtain the highest resolution and power, approximately 1 It is preferable to use a micrometer or smaller. Toner particles are one Generally, the carrier liquid is added by a type of grinding step or a combination of mixing and grinding. can be matched. Other additives, e.g. stabilizers, binders, usually final developer The composition is about 0.01 to about 20 toner particles by weight and about 60 to 99 by weight It can contain up to a carrier liquid.

Transfer from the photoconductive assembly to the receptor may be accomplished in one of two ways. Can be done. A preheated receptor is contacted with a photoconductive assembly developed with a liquid toner. It has been found that thermal transfer performed provides excellent transfer and fusing. of this style The device for accomplishing the transfer consists of an aluminum plate on one surface of which a poster (pos tθr) plate is attached to ensure even pressure application during transfer. Then the photoconductive assembly Place the body face up on the poster board and attach with pressure sensitive adhesive. receptor Preheat the photoconductive assembly and receptor with a heated hydraulic ram to a temperature of 500 - 000 Contact can be made at pSi for 0.2-5 seconds. Typically, transcription experiments 000 2000 psi, 0-5-1-0 seconds contact time, and 85-95°C The interfacial temperature (i.e., the temperature between the photoconductive assembly and the receptor during transfer) was .

A second method by which toner transfer and fusing can be performed is flash/pressure transfer. This person The method uses the same holder for the photoconductive assemblies used in the heating method. (excluding poster board lining). Place it on a thick glass plate and put an elastic pad on it A receptor machine consisting of a receptor placed on top of a glass plate connected to a hydraulic ram. There is a xenon flash unit below the repair. Transfer method is photoconductive image forming i　oo sexual assemblies and receptors.

Combined at 2000 psi, the complex was then exposed to xenon for o, oo’i seconds. Exposure to rush. The materials are then separated. In either method, silicone Polymer is partially or completely removed from the photoconductive assembly as a result of the transfer step be done.

As a receptor surface, a wide range of materials can be used, such as textiles, paper, glass, and various polymers. A wide variety of sheet materials can be used. Particular interest in high resolution is polyamide polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic, melamine, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) primed polyester, polystyrene and polyester. It is an outwardly smooth and visually transparent plastic material.

The photoconductive assemblies of this invention are useful in high resolution electrostatic imaging. Assembly of the invention and the resolution provided by the method creates a new and This makes them particularly useful for building complexes. Currently, I am using new microfiche. It is usually carried out by electrostatic methods on a photoconductive support that has a tendency to deterioration. It will be done. The articles and methods of the invention are even more resistant to degradation than photoconductive supports. Allows the microfiche made on the support to be renewed.

The following non-limiting examples illustrate the invention.

Example 1 A coating solution was made by mixing the following ingredients in the indicated amounts.

Vinyl functionalization with platinum catalysts Polyorganosiloxane (SS-4,110, General Electric Co., Ltd.) ) 0.05.9 polyorganosiloxane cross-linking agent (ss-43000, General Electric,) 1 drop 40-fold bis-(N-ethyl-1,2-be/zocarbazol-5-yl)phene Aluminized with nilmethane and 60wt coated, t? IJ Esther Branch #4 matrix at a wet thickness of 14 micrometers onto the photoconductive material formulated from the carrier. The coating was applied by means of a yarn stick.

The coating was cured at 107°C for 6 minutes to give a dry thickness of approximately 7' Onm. next The sample coated with exposure through a 5 step tablet and liquid toner. - Developed with a developer.

A liquid toner developer for developing electrostatic images is formulated from the following ingredients in the indicated amounts. child.

Carbon black (a) 2 10.5 polyethylene (b+ 1 5.3 Succinimide (cl 4 21-ro) Itsubara Fine Hydrocarbon (a) 12 6”, 2 (al Australia) Cintacurve manufactured by Australian carbon black in Aldonia, Tria 3 Q Q (Tintacarb 300) carbon black (b + new Polyethylene AC-6, low molecular weight polyethylene manufactured by Allit Chemical of York (clOLOA 12 D O1 oil-soluble succinimide (California, SA) manufactured by Chevron Chemical Company of Francisco) (d) Imphal M, Imparaffinic hydrocarbon, high boiling point, Exxoncorp, by It is manufactured as follows.

The developer components were mixed according to the following procedure: 1. Weighed the carbon plaque and and added to a Ball Shear (260Q ml nominal capacity, inner diameter 18 crn).

2. Weigh the remaining ingredients into a regular container, preferably a glass beaker, and mix. The mixture was heated on a hot plate with stirring until a brown solution formed. PoIJ ethylene A temperature of 110±100C was sufficient to melt the .

3(2) in an undisturbed area to ambient temperature, preferably about 20°C. Cooled. When cooled, the solid precipitated and so formed The cold brown slurry was added to the Ball jar.

4. The ball jar was sealed and spun at 70-75 rpm for 120 hours.

The jar had a total load of 475 g of ingredients in the proportions shown above.

5. When kneading is complete, empty the jar and pour the contents into a container of suitable capacity. to make the final toner concentrate.

6. Dilute the toner concentrate and add 100 parts by volume of carrier liquid (Imphal G1 Exon Co.) A liquid toner developer containing one part of concentrate (manufactured by Ivy.

The developed image is transferred to PVDC primed polyester by means of flash transfer. Transcribed. Optical density measurements for the photoconductive assembly and receptor sheet 00-related transcription was shown.

Example 2 This example demonstrates the use of epoxy siloxane as a coating for the photoconductive assembly. show. The same type of photoconductive assembly and the same application conditions were used as in Example 1. below General formula: Two epoxy siloxanes having a concentration of 0.5% by weight in heptane solution It was used with an antimony-based catalyst. Two epoxy siloxanes For the values of n and m, one has a molecular weight of 35,000 and an epoxy/siloxane ratio of 1/ 10 and the other has a molecular weight of 13,000 and an epoxy/siloxane ratio of It was different as shown in 1/9.

The coating was cured for 2 minutes at 96°C (20 mm) to give a dry thickness of approximately 7 nm. . After exposure, development and transfer under the same conditions as in Example 1, optical density readings were taken. showed a 100-fold image transfer.

Example In Examples 4.5 and 3, three silicone formulations were compared. compared. Silicone is manufactured by trademarks such as Schiff-off [F]2, Schiff-off [F] ] 292, and Sill-off ■ 294, and they are all manufactured by Dow Corning Co. I got it as a product from Poration. Each has a silanol-terminated dimethyl cylindrical They were all loxanes and differed mainly in number average molecular weight. All these silicones Within Formula I. Details of their manufacture for application by coating are as follows: Yes: Obtained as a 30-40 weight solid in xylene from Dow Corning The silicone formulation was diluted to 6 weight solids with heptane. Silu off ■2 97 Fixing Additive/Pot Life Extender (8% by weight based on silicone solids) solution and the resulting mixture was thoroughly mixed; -2117 cure accelerator (8 parts by weight based on silicone solids) is added to each solution. The resulting mixture was thoroughly mixed; Catalyst (10% by weight based on silicone solids) was added to each solution, The diluted mixture was thoroughly mixed. Filter the resulting solution by diluting it with heptane. Each of the release coating materials 3.2.1.0.75.0.50X O, 25, 0, It was used to make 10,0,075 and 0.050 weight ratio liquids. resulting solution had a pot life of less than 12 hours, so the photoconductive assembly samples were prepared immediately after solution preparation. was applied. The photoconductive materials are (1) terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2 , 2-bis(4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl)propane-derived polyester (2) His(4-diethylamine-2-methylphenyl)phenyl A charge transfer material containing methane, and (3) a wire or wire in combination with a photographic supersensitizer (4). It was formulated from a mixture of spectrally sensitizing dyes that absorb in the red and red wavelengths.

The paint was applied with a #4 Mayer rod and had a wet coating thickness of 9 micrometers. It had The coating is then air cured for 4 to 12 hours at room temperature or was allowed to dry for 10 minutes and then cured at 80'C (176↑) for a minute.

Photoconductive assembly samples were exposed under the same conditions as in Example 1 and developed with liquid toner. did. Transfer of the developed image from the treated photoconductive assemblage sample is accomplished by flash transfer. on PVDC primed polyester at 2000 psi by means of I accomplished it.

Two methods of measuring release coating effectiveness were used in evaluating the photoconductive assemblies. . In the first method, the optical density for a series of peel-coated photoconductive assemblage samples is and resolution were compared with those of untreated samples. DmaX and Defined as no decrease in resolution. In the second method, during fludge transfer, The transfer efficiency was actually measured. As an alternative to calculating the actual transfer rate, more consistent and consequential by measuring the optical density remaining on the material. More meaningful results were obtained. The optical density remaining on the photoconductive assembly is The transfer calculations depended less on the initial optical density than they did. mouth 0 mouth An optical density of represents complete transfer of the image. The transferred optical density in all cases is 1.0 to 2.0, and the resolution is 1501 J p/am to 200 The range was up to 1 p/mm.

The results derived from this example also show that there is no significant difference in the transfer properties of silicone. This indicates that this is not due to the curing method of the polymer release coating. Sill-off■26shi Two identical sets of samples of the recone polymer were incubated in Lili air for 24 hours at room temperature ( Cured at 20°C, dried in air for 10 minutes and then heated to 8°C. Comparisons were made by curing for a period of time at port C (176'FI).

The samples were exposed as in Example 1 and using Toner A as specified therein. and developed it. The developed image is transferred from the sample by means of flash transfer at 200 [] Transferred to PVDC primed polyester at psi.

The results are shown below: 1. 2 0.08 0.07 0.43 0. Mouth 0 0.00 0.043 0.18 0.2 mouth Samples were cured in air at room temperature unless otherwise indicated. I used a sample. All optical density results reported here are for two different samples. This is the average of 6 to 8 measurements.

The dry thickness of the release coating is a function of the wet film thickness of 9 micrometers and the weight of the release agent. The concentration was estimated by calculation from the cured silicone polymer. for example 6.0 and 0.05 weight factors are equal to 270nm and 4.5n,m respectively . Generally, the thickness of a silicone polymer topcoat is estimated from the following formula: Equation During ~ W - % concentration by weight of silicone in the paint solution t1 - defined by the individual wire-wound applicator rod The humidity of the painted film 28 thickness (nm) , - Thickness of the dried silicone layer (nm) dl - Density of the solvent used (g/ cIIL”) (Ls=density of dry silicone layer (g/cIn3) Example 4 This example shows the effect of Sil-Off II 297 concentration on transfer efficiency. Sill Prepare 6 solutions containing Off ■26 (3 weights) and varying amounts of Sil-Off ■297. It was. The amount of SIL-OFF ■297 is from 8 to 24 weight (silicone solid base). ) changed. /Recone: Coats a polymer release layer onto the photoconductor and implements the image. Developed with Toner A from Example 1 and PVDC primed as in Example B. The image was transferred to a stained polyester sheet. The results for each sample are shown below.

Weight staff after transcription Sil-off ■297 remaining Fixing agent optical density 8 0.20 The above results indicate the amount of fixing agent, Sil-off ■297, and the amount of PVDC undercoating polyester. This shows that there is no significant effect on the transfer efficiency of this toner.

Example 5 Mochimote Sho 6O-50197G (9) This example shows the effect of different toner formulations. Test procedure is as in Example 2 It was the same. The coating preparation method and testing procedure were the same as in Example 6. Ta. The optical density is the optical density of the toner remaining on the photoconductive assembly sample after transfer. there were.

■Table Eastman Kodak Toner MX11126.0 0.00 0.00 0 ．． 003.0 0.00 0.00 0.002.0 0-00 0.00 0 ．． 00i, o o, oo o, oo o-o.

O,750,000,000-00 o-so　o, oo　o-oo　o,o.

O,250,000-000,00 o, io o, oo o, oo o, o.

O,0750,000-Do　O,00[1,0500,000,000,00 No paint 0.05 0 Table ■ Toner B paint composition 6.0 0.63 0.38 0.393-0 0-74 0.37 0.24 2.0 0.40 0.19 0.35 1.0 0.25 0.07 0.32 0.75 0.22 0.18 0.390.50 0.25 0.07 0. 450.25 0.67 0.18 0.470.10 0.61 0.64 0.690.075 0.71 0.80 0.670.050 0.67 0 ．． 66 0.68 No paint 0.61 ■Table Toner A No paint 0.69 Table V Toner C 6, OO, 01 mouth, 02 0. Mouth 6 3.0 0.02 mouth, 02 0; 072.0 0. Lower 0.04 0.06 1',, 0 0.17 0.01, 0.020.75 0.10 0.00 0.010.50 0.10 0.01 0.010.25 0.10 0. 01 0.070.10 0.21 0. O,! SO,070,0750,2 60,070,15 0,0500,400,100,20 No paint 0.39 ■Table Toner D 6.0 mouth, 01, 0.00, (1,013,00,000,000, 00 2,00,000,000,0 units 1.0 0.00 0.00. 0.000.75 0. Mouth 0 0.00 0. 000.50 0.00,. 0. OQ　O,000,250,00,0,01 0,01 0,100,000,01 skin 01 0.075 0.00 0.01' 0. Mouth 10.050 0. o2 o, o l　0. Mouth 1 No paint 0.04 Table ■ Toner E 6.0 0.03 0.03 0.003.0 0.0ro 0.02 mouth, 01 2.0. 0.01 0.01 0. mouth 01.0 0.02 0.0 mouth 0.0 00.75 0.0ro 00ku0 0.000.50 0.00 0.00' 0.000.2'5 0.02 0.00 0.0 mouth 0.10 0.08 0. 00 0.000.075 0.06 0.03 0.020.050 0.0 9 mouths, 07 0.07 no paint 0.21 ■Table James River Toner C4B (James River Toner C4B) Paint composition Optical density in objects Optical density 6, mouth 0.30 0. Mouth 1 0. ．． 133.0 0.15 0. Mouth 5 0.062.0 0.03 Mouth, 00' 0 ．． 07i, 0 0.06 0.00 0. Mouth 20.75 0.07 0.01 1 mouth 10.50 0.07 0.00' 0.050.10 0.15 0 ．． 14 0.420.075 0.160.12 0.920.050 0.1 8 0.26 0.74 No paint 0.78 From the above results, it can be seen that all three release coatings have photoconductive properties regardless of the toner used. It will be seen that the transfer properties of the adult samples have been improved. Paint starting from 0.25 Silicone up to 1.0% by weight when made from a solution containing a polymer release agent resulting in optimal transcription. Toners such as MX-1112 and Toner E If the optimum transfer occurs over a wide range, but at higher or lower application thicknesses At low temperatures, a poor transfer tendency still remains. Three liquid toner developers, Toner AX The results for C and E are illustrated in Figure 2, where the photoconductive collection after transfer Silicone made from 26 to reduce the optical density of toner remaining on adult samples It is plotted against the paint concentration (and calculated dry thickness) of the polymer layer.

The following table is the toner BXC tested in Example 5.

The compositions of Dl and E are shown.

■Table Microlith green a T (al 10 Microlith black ax (bl) 50 film black N220 (cl 60 dispersant 0LOA, 1200 100 25’25 60 resin Polyethylene AC-660 Sarcobrain 1000 (cll 20 15 Plexol 909 (el 50) 50RJ-I DO (fl 30 carrier Nrubeso 100 (gl 200 200 Isonol M 300 600 8 00 Ino/Niru G (hl 500 (Al Pigment Resin Mixture, manufactured by Civer-Geigy.

(bl Carbon Black Resin Mixture, manufactured by CiverGeigy.

(ci carbon black, manufactured by Phillips Petroleum Company) did.

(Manufactured by dl resin, Nozu Industrial Paint Co., London, UK.

[ei resin, manufactured by Rohm and Haas.

(f) Hydroxylated polystyrene, manufactured by Monsando Company.

fgl, a petroleum solvent with high aromatic content, manufactured by Exxon Corp.

(HL Isoparaffin Hydrocarbon, manufactured by Exxon Corp.

Example Examples of six silicones impart toned image quality before achieving transfer Polymer peeling 11L Sill-off ■23, Sill-off ■292, and Sill-off F■ Clarify the effect of 294. Exposure was carried out using liquid toner A under the same conditions as in Example 1. Light and development were performed.

The photoconductive assembly samples tested were identical to those in Example No. photoconductive assembly The set of maximum resolved lines in the image that gives the resulting color tone by exposing the sample to a resolved bar diagram. /ml1 (13p/mm) was resolved by visual reading using a low-force microscope. performance was measured. Color for unexposed origin (DInaX) and fully exposed (Dmyon) The tone concentration was measured using a Macbeth densitometer. Complete set of release agent coating thickness was prepared as in Example 6. The results are shown in Table ■.

Thicker coatings of release layers resulted in some loss in resolution, while thinner layers There were no appreciable losses. Moreover, what is the transparency of the Dm1n area? There was a substantial increase in Dmax level without degradation.

Example 7 This example demonstrates the effect of dry silicone coating adhesion levels on transfer efficiency and resolution. Make the effects clear. U.S. Pat. No. 6,554,86 for coating photoconductors. Six silicone polymers were selected that represented the range of adhesion listed in No. 6. light guide The electrolyte was bis-(benzocarbazole)phenylmethane (as disclosed in Example 1). 1oonm thick polyester with a thin opaque layer of aluminum deposited from was formulated on a conductive support. RTV 1 by General Electric 1, RTV 21, and RTV 63 [These series sold as 1 The cones shall have viscosity values of 82.220 and 1220 g/k2, respectively. Reported. To prepare these silicone trichromes, mix the ingredients listed below in the indicated amounts. A slurry in rofluoromethane (Freon 11) was made.

Ingredient amount Slurry A Slurry B Slurry CRTV 11 6.09 RTV 21 6. Mouth g RTV630゛　6.0g catalyst dibutyltin Dilaurate 0.06g 0.01D, 6g Solvent Freon■11 100g 10 mouths g 100. ! 7 Slurry ~ A, B, (, 3.1.0.0.5.0.25.0.1 diluted with additional Freon ■11 Continuous concentration solutions of 1 and 0.06 weight factor concentrations were provided. For the solution, use a #4 Mayer rod. was applied to individual photoconductor samples to give a thickness of 9 micrometers. these The coating was air dried and cured in air for 72 hours.

Samples were exposed, liquid developed in Toner E, and PVDC primed polyester. Flash-transferred to file.

A resolution of 100 lp/mm was typical for the transferred image.

The adhesion level results can be classified into 6 groups.

a) a sample showing cracks in the photoconductor; b) Sample showing partial transcription of 2 C) Sample showing complete toner transfer.

← )to , No. 1 store table Optical density of toner on fully exposed photoconductor in paint composition 0, Mouth 5 0.40 0.44 0.41 0.10 0.42 0.44 0. 390.25 0.41 Hadara 8 Hada 67 0.50 0.41 0.41 0.421, Mouth 0.41 0.44 0.3 83.0 [], 44 0.43 [1,686,00,430,480,46 Untreated 0.37 0.37 0.37 Cured silicone Sufficient thickness of polymer By using this layer, we were able to achieve 10-fold interlocking images in all cases.

Silicones with higher viscosity values require thicker layers to achieve equivalent transfer resistance. It was requested that it be applied in Therefore, in general, low tack films are suitable for the present invention. Silicone is preferred because a thin silicone layer is necessary for high resolution. This is because it is necessary. Preferably, the cured silicone polymer has a viscosity value of 300 It should be less than g/cnL2.

The thickest layer of silicone in this example is US Pat. No. 3,554,836. Thickness ranges from 6 to 1500 micrometers compared to approximately 0.5 micrometers It should be noted that the dry thickness of the meter.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Various modifications and changes will become apparent to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this disclosure. It should be understood that there is no intention to be limited to the illustrative embodiments described above.

Procedural amendment (touge) 1985/Month 7ρ days Commissioner of the Patent Office 1. Display of incident 2. Name of the invention Silicone release paint for effective toner transfer 3, corrector Relationship to the incident: Patent applicant Showa year, month, day 6. Number of inventions increased by amendment Description and claims translation international search report

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 conductive support, a layer of photoconductive material, and when cured from about 5 to about 100 Cured silicone with a dry thickness of up to 100 nm and a melting point of over 100°C A photoconductive assembly comprising a lubcoat of cone polymer. 2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the layer of photoconductive material comprises an organic photoconductor. 6 Organic photoconductor is BoIJ -N~ruvinylcarbazole bis-benzocarbazo methane, oxydiazole, phthalocyanine pigment, triarylmethane, Claims selected from the group consisting of aromatic amines, hydrazones and pyrazolines The assembly according to paragraph 2. 4 The layer of photoconductive material comprises an inorganic photoconductor dispersed in a binder. The assembly according to item 1. 5 The cured silicone polymer has the formula: (wherein R1, R2, and R3 are hydrogen, Roxyl group, alkyl group, substituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl groups, and alkenyl groups independently selected from the group consisting of B4, B5, H6 are alkyl groups, substituted alkyl groups, aryl M, ylkenyl independently selected from the group consisting of epoxy groups, and epoxy groups; n and m are positive integers such that n+m is from 50 to 151 DOs, or 0. be) Formed by cross-linking of silicone polymers that can form cross-links with An assembly according to claim 1. 6 Silicone polymer capable of cross-linking is silanol-terminated dimethylsilane 6. The assemblage of claim 5 which is a xane. Z　Silicone polymer capable of cross-linking is vinyl-functional polydimethylsiloxane 6. The assemblage of claim 5 which is a xane. 8. Cross-linkable silicone polymer is silanol-terminated epoxy silicone. 6. The assemblage of claim 5 which is a loxane. 9. The viscosity value of the cured silicone polymer layer is less than 300 &/cm' An assembly according to claim 1. 10. Claims in which the topcoat has a dry thickness of from about 5 to about 75 nm The assembly according to paragraph 1. 11. (2) exposing the exposed assemblage to a liquid to form a facial image; Developing with toner and (filter) transferring the toner-treated image to the surface of the receptor. A method of making a toner image copy including the steps. 12. Claim 12, wherein the transfer step is accomplished by flash/pressure transfer. The method described in. 1b. The method according to claim 12, wherein the transfer step is achieved by heat/pressure transfer. Method. 14 Claim No. 1 in which the transferred image has a resolution greater than 80 lp/mm The method described in Section 12.