JPS604872B2 - abrasive cleanser - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an abrasive cleanser and a method for making the same.

Scourlngcleansem
contains surfactant and abrasive powder as essential ingredients.

The product can be in the form of powders, macules, pastes and injectable liquids. Materials for use as abrasives in abrasive cleansers are always difficult to handle (°Cugh
) is selected to make a compromise between effectiveness in removing dirt and minimizing damage to delicate surfaces.
Hard abrasives and relatively large particles are generally better at removing difficult soils, such as burnt food that adheres to cookware, while softer abrasives and smaller particles are less attractive to the substrate from which the soil is being removed. Does not cause much scratching and abrasion. It has long been recognized that the fineness of the abrasive is of paramount importance for a good and effective cleanser. In abrasive cleanser technology, the abrasive is measured by the proportion of the weight of the abrasive that passes or is retained through a sieve of a fixed mesh number, or as a range of particle sizes in microns, or less precisely as an average particle size in microns. It is commonly used to express the particle size of the agent.

The micron size is related to the nominal diameter of the particles, since the diameter of irregularly shaped particles cannot be precisely defined. Although sieving is commonly used for particle size measurements of about 40 microns and above, for smaller sizes sieving is not practicable and various methods are used that yield slightly different results. The mesh size for the sieve is related to the diameter in microns depending on the sieve system used. Particle size is expressed in microns using a Coulter counter or other methods such as a photoprecipitator. In this specification, abrasive particle size is expressed in microns since mesh size provides an inappropriate limitation. The literature indicates that most abrasives used in household abrasive cleansers should have a particle size of less than 75 microns, and particles with sizes in the range of 10 to 50 microns are particularly effective when using calcite. It is shown that

Abrasive powders previously used in commercial household abrasive cleansers have particle sizes ranging from less than 1 micron to about 100 or 125 microns, with particle sizes ranging from 10 to 50, independent of the material used as the abrasive. It has an average particle size of microns. This abrasive powder has a concentration of particles between 10 and 50 microns in diameter, with the amount of particles below and above this range decreasing as the difference from the average particle size increases.
Because the abrasive powders formulated into abrasive cleansers are actually made by grinding or grinding mineral materials, the resulting powders have a very wide range of particles. Since coarse particles tend to cause obvious traction, and very fine particles are not effective as abrasives, commercial producers of abrasive powders used in household abrasive cleansers have determined the optimum average particle size. The size reduction process is operated in such a way as to yield a narrow range of particle sizes centered on this optimum value and without the use of costly sieving steps. The abrasive particle size is detailed as a distribution curve in a graph where the nominal diameter in microns is plotted against the cumulative amount of material in weight percent.

This graph is shown in the accompanying drawings, where one axis represents the cumulative amount of particles in weight percent W, and the other axis M represents the particle diameter in microns. The particle size distributions of four abrasive powders commonly used in household abrasive cleansers, namely Silica A, Feldspar B, and Calcite C and D, are shown as curves. The average particle size of the associated abrasives is such that 50% by weight of the particles are larger and 50% are smaller in size, and 22 and 2, respectively.
2, 27 and 15 microns. All of these abrasives contain at least 25% and 1% by weight of sub-10 and 5 micron particles, respectively. An abrasive cleanser is applied to the soiled surface to be cleaned with a friction material such as a cloth or sponge in the presence of water; after the dirt has been removed, the friction material is rinsed with water and always rinsed away dirt and cleanser.

When currently very shiny surfaces, such as stainless steel or enamel, are cleaned with conventional household abrasive cleansers, it is no longer necessary to rinse this friction material more than once with water. It has been observed that in some cases the surface tends to have a cloudy appearance. In the course of investigating the effect of particle size on the performance of household abrasive cleansers, we found that the finest of commercially available abrasive cleansers against the cloudy film that is especially noticeable on glossy surfaces that remain if water washing is not repeated enough. It has now been determined that particles are responsible. Perhaps the attractive forces between the abrasive surface and the fine particles are such that the particles redeposit more easily than larger particles. If the amount of these finest particles is reduced in the abrasive powder used in manufacturing this cleanser, water washing of the glossy surfaces on which the cleanser has been used is facilitated with restoration of the brightness of the gloss. It has been found. Furthermore, many housewives have developed the habit of washing friction materials only once, and this easy washing has been found to be of practical significance. Following these findings,
The present invention provides an abrasive cleanser comprising a surfactant and an abrasive powder of particles in which up to 10% by weight have a size of 150 microns or greater and up to 20% by weight have a size of 10 microns or less.

Preferably this abrasive cleanser contains 0.001 surfactant
Contains 1 part of abrasive powder to 1 part by weight. Preferably, the particle size of the abrasive is such that less than 20% of the particles are less than 13 microns, especially less than 10% are less than 7, 8 or 9 microns.

Preferably also less than 8%, especially less than 5% is 5, 8 or 1
It is 0 micron or less. Preferably, it is substantially free of particles smaller than 1, 2 or 5 microns.

The average particle size of the abrasive is preferably within the range of 15 to 70 microns, and especially 20 to 60 microns.
Preferably at least 4% by weight of the abrasive powder has a particle size within the range of 15 to 70 microns. Preferably, less than 1% by weight is greater than or equal to 180 microns, less than 5% is greater than or equal to 150 microns, less than 10% is greater than or equal to 100 microns, and less than 2% is greater than or equal to 90 microns. Preferably, the abrasive powder is substantially free of particles having a size of 125 microns or greater. Particularly suitable are powders having a particle size distribution curve in the area delimited by the two curves in the attached figure, especially in the area delimited by curve Y.
The particle size distribution curve of the abrasive in the composition of the present invention is much steeper than that of abrasives used heretofore, and this curve is an example of an abrasive suitable for use in the composition of the present invention. E is designated in the accompanying drawings. Both natural and manufactured abrasives, e.g. dolomite, precipitated calcium carbonate (
aragonite), feldspars, alumina and various forms of silica, such as quartz and silica, are suitable for use as abrasive materials; it is especially important to use abrasive materials with a Mohs hardness of 1 to 4. The reason for this is that it is this abrasive that is most used in cleaning glossy surfaces and therefore the easy washing effect is particularly important.

Particularly suitable are calcite, such as limestone, chalk or marble, such as the forms mentioned in GB 1345119. crushing and grinding the mineral material until a material with an average particle size of 20 to 50 microns is obtained;
Suitable abrasive powders can then be produced by soaking the resulting powder with air to remove the finest powder, and the air flow being adjusted to obtain the desired particle size.

If too many large particles are present in the resulting powder, these are removed by suitable sieving. The particle size distribution of the powder can be determined by standard methods including screening for particles larger than about 50 microns and use of a Coulter counter for smaller particles. Any of the detergent active compounds commonly used in abrasive cleansers are suitable as surfactants, including anionic, nonionic, enteric, zwitterionic, and amphoteric compounds.

Soaps which are alkali metal salts of saturated fatty acids having 10 and 24 surface atoms are suitable.

Suitable synthetic anionic detergents are alkali metal salts of sulfated and sulfonated hydrocarbons, especially those containing 12 or 26 in the molecule.
It has a carbon atom. 8 to 1 alkyl group
Alkylbenzene sulfonates having two carbon atoms can be used. Other surfactants and combinations of surfactants are described in British Patent Nos. 82256y, 955081, 1
No. 007342, No. 1044314, No. 116759
No. 7, No. 1181607, No. 1262280, No. 1
No. 30381, No. 1308190, No. 134511
No. y and No. 1,418,671 for use in abrasive cleanser compositions. The abrasive cleansers of the invention may contain auxiliaries, especially builder salts such as sodium carbonate, trisodium orthophosphate, and sodium tripolyphosphate, dyes, fragrances, and salt electrolytes such as those mentioned in the above-mentioned patents.

Of particular value are abrasive cleansers that are free flowing. The cleanser may include 0.1% to 4% by weight surfactant, 5% to 99% by weight abrasive powder, and 0% to 95% by weight abrasive cleanser aid.
Also of particular value are abrasive cleansers that are injectable aqueous liquid compositions. The cleanser may contain from 0.1 to 5% by weight surfactant and from 5 to 6% by weight abrasive powder, with the remainder being an abrasive cleanser aid and water. Preferably, the abrasive powder is dispersed in an aqueous medium of the cleanser, and the aqueous medium has Bingham plastic properties that keep the abrasive powder dispersed.

A suitable aqueous medium is described in British Patent No. 1167597, no.
No. 81607, No. 126228, No. 1303810
No. 130819 and No. 1418671. The present invention includes a method of making an abrasive cleanser comprising incorporating the abrasive powder described above into the remainder of the abrasive cleanser composition. The invention is illustrated by the following examples, in which amounts are by weight.

Examples 1 None, 4 Abrasive cleansers were made by mixing the following ingredients.

Part Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate 0.82 Sodium Sulfate 0.18 Trisodium Oritophosphate IZ Pyrohydrate 2.0 Fused Alumina Abrasive The values are in microns and are those of the photoprecipitator; the minimum value is less than 6% by weight of the particles (except for Powder B).
In this case, no more than 20% by weight of the particles are of the smaller size) and the maximum value is no more than 3% by weight of the particles of the larger size.

Example 4 8 17 32 powder a
1 4.5 10 powder b 1
Each of the 37 abrasive cleansers was then tested as described below.

The powder (2 coats) was placed on a stainless steel plate of size 15 x 30 arcs and sufficient water was added to make a slurry of consistency which was passed through for washing. The board was rubbed with a wet sponge measuring 4 x 4 x 15 skin using hand pressure until the abrasive was spread evenly over the entire board. The sponge was then rinsed and using the largest area of a clean, wet sponge, the side was pulled across the board twice so that the entire surface was blotted at once. The board was then allowed to dry and compared to an untreated board for residue visibility by viewing the board against a dark background with incident light from the side. No difference was observed between the untreated and treated boards using the compositions of Example 1 and 4, but
The composition containing powders a and b leaves an obvious residue;
This reduced mirror-like light reflections.

Example 5 A commercially available calcite powder produced by crushing marble and having a particle size distribution shown by curve c in the accompanying drawing was subjected to particle classification by removing some of the characteristic particles.

For this purpose, a separator known as the 7 Lupine Multiplex Laboratory Zigzag Classifier Type 100M Section R is used, in which small particles are enlarged by moving them with a stream of air through a rotating zigzag tube. Separating from the particles, the centripetal force generated by the rotation causes the particles to be thrown out into the air stream. The separator was adjusted for removal of particles sized 10 microns or less using a rotor speed of 800 pm and an air flow of 47 pm/hr.

The calcite was separated into two fractions containing 7% and 2% by weight of the material used. This coarse fraction was found to have a particle size distribution curve E as shown in the accompanying drawing; the powder contained approximately 4.3% particles larger than 90 microns, an average particle size of 25 microns and 15% and 9.5% respectively. , 3.5% and 1
．． It had 5% sub-10, 8, 5 and 2 micron particles. Despite the removal of fine particles, the slight decrease in the average particle size of the coarse fraction compared to the starting material is likely due to disintegration or destruction of the calcite particles during separation. An abrasive powder was prepared as in Example 1, but using a coarser calcite fraction instead of alumina, and commercially available calcite powder used as the starting material for making this fraction. This powder was used in the tests described in Example 1 in comparison to the corresponding abrasive powder.

While a significantly opaque residue was obtained with this commercially available calcite, there was no significant difference between the treated and untreated plates when the fractionated material was used. Example 6 The coarser calcite fraction obtained in Example 5 is used to prepare an abrasive powder from the following ingredients:

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1.85
Sodium sulfate 0.50 Sodium carbonate 1.50 Sodium tripolyphosphate 2.00 Trichlorocyanuric acid 0.50 Flavor
0.20 calcite powder
The perfume was formulated by spraying the 93.45 perfume onto the tripolyphosphate powder, and then this powder component was mixed with the trichlorocyanuric acid which was added after mixing with the other ingredients.

Example 7 A liquid medium for an abrasive cleanser was prepared from the following ingredients.

Part sodium n dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3.88
Sodium sulfate 0.10 Cocoalkyldimethylamine oxide 6.12 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 10.00 Ethanol 5.00
Pine flavor 1.00
Wednesday 73.90
The other ingredients except perfume were added with stirring to a solution of pyrophosphate in water at 50°, the mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and the perfume was then stirred in.

Coarse calcite fraction 5 of Example 5 into the thus obtained liquid medium 5 with pingham plastic properties.
Stirred the anchor. Example 8 A liquid medium for an abrasive cleanser was prepared from the following ingredients.

Sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate 5.3 Sodium sulfate 0.13 Potassium peanut oil soap 2.52.2
Condensation product of moles of ethylene oxide and comonoethanolamide 3.0 Sodium carbonate 3.5 Pine flavor
1.0 water
84.57 The sulfonate, soap and condensate (in that order) were added to water with stirring at 60° C. along with sodium carbonate and sulfate to form a solution, which was cooled to 260° C. and the perfume was stirred in.

The coarser calcite fraction of Example 5 was mixed with the liquid medium thus obtained having Bingham plastic properties to obtain a liquid abrasive cleanser.

Example 9 A liquid medium for an abrasive cleanser is prepared from the following ingredients.

Sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate 5.0 Sodium sulfate 0.13 Potassium soap of peanut oil fatty acid 0.5 Cocodiethanolamide 4.0 Sodium tripolyphosphate 10.0 Pine-type fragrance 0.6 Water
79.7 Add the sulfonate, soap and amide (in that order) along with the sulfate with stirring to a solution of the phosphate in water at 70°C, and cool the resulting solution to 35°C, stir and cool to ambient temperature. At the same time, perfume was added to obtain a liquid medium with Bingham plastic properties.

Six parts of the coarser calcite fraction of Example 5 were added to this liquid medium while stirring.

Examples 10 and 11 As in Example 9, but each curve F is shown in the accompanying drawings.
A liquid abrasive cleanser is prepared using commercially available crushed marble as an abrasive having a particle size distribution designated as and G.

Examples 12 and 13 A liquid abrasive cleanser is made as described in Examples 1 and 7 of GB 1418671, except that in place of the feldspar and calcite abrasives used therein, the coarser Using the calcite fraction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The accompanying drawings are graphs showing particle size distribution curves of abrasive powders of the present invention and conventional abrasive powders.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. 10% by weight or less of the particles of the calcite abrasive powder are 150% by weight or less.
of dimensions equal to or greater than microns, and not more than 20% by weight is of dimensions equal to or less than 10 microns, and the calcite abrasive powder has a particle size distribution curve within the area delimited by the two curves Y of the accompanying drawings. An abrasive cleanser comprising a surfactant and a calcite abrasive powder. 2. A cleanser according to claim 1, characterized in that not more than 10% by weight of the particles of the abrasive powder are of a size not more than 7 microns. 3. Claim 2, characterized in that not more than 5% by weight of the particles of the abrasive powder have a size of 5 microns or less
Cleanser by. 4. A cleanser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particles of abrasive powder are substantially not of a size less than 1 micron. 5. A cleanser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the average particle size of the abrasive powder is in the range 15-70 microns. 6. A cleanser according to claim 5, characterized in that the average particle size of the abrasive powder is in the range of 20 to 60 microns. 7 At least 40% by weight of the particles of the abrasive powder are
Cleanser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is of particle size in the range of 70 microns. 8. A cleanser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abrasive powder contains substantially no particles having a size of 125 microns or more. 9. A cleanser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleanser contains 1 part abrasive powder to 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of surfactant. 10. A cleanser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant comprises an anionic detergent-active compound. 11. A cleanser according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleanser is a free-flowing powder. 12. A cleanser according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleanser comprises 0.1-40% by weight surfactant and 5-99% by weight abrasive powder and 0-95% abrasive cleanser aid. 13 Claim 1, wherein the cleanser is an injectable aqueous liquid composition
A cleanser according to any one of ~10. 14. A cleanser according to claim 3, characterized in that the cleanser comprises 0.1-50% by weight surfactant and 5-60% by weight abrasive powder, the balance being an abrasive cleanser aid and water. 15. A cleanser according to claim 4, wherein the abrasive powder is dispersed in the aqueous medium of the cleanser, and the aqueous medium has Bingham plastic properties to keep the abrasive powder dispersed.