JPS604676A - Distribution valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To feed oil to a distribution hole other than the distribution holes to be intercepted by a distribution valve body even during rotation by providing distribution holes of a distribution shaft which communicate with one another through passageways such as grooves disposed within the range narrower than the whole periphery area of the distribution shaft. CONSTITUTION:Fuel oil distribution holes 17a, 17b, 17c of a distribution shaft 9 communicate with one another through passageways 18, 19 disposed within the range narrower than the whole periphery area of the distribution shaft. In case of high-load operation, fuel oil distribution holes 17a and 20a, 17b and 20b and 17c and 20c are respectively connected with each other. In case of low-load operation, the distribution shaft 9 is rotated to block up the fuel oil distribution hole 20c, so that fuel oil introduced in a fuel oil main passing hole 13 is sent to a fuel injection valve only through the distribution holes 17b and 20a and 17c and 20b.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a distribution valve with an oil leakage function.

Mainly used in large marine diesel engines (in between stages, one cylinder may have multiple fuel injection valves).

Three 'MNff+injector valves are arranged in one cylinder SQ L/
An example of a fuel injection system for a diesel engine is shown in Figure 1, where 1 is a fuel pump, 2 is a fuel oil pump 1, and the fuel oil supplied from the pump 1 is distributed to three systems. distribution valve,
3a, 3b, and 3c were taken into one shilling 4,
A fuel nozzle valve that injects the fuel oil distributed and fed by the distribution valve 2 into the cylinder 4; 5 is a fuel pump 1 and a distribution valve 2;
The high-pressure pipes 6a, 6b, and 6c connect the distribution valves 2 and
This is a high-pressure pipe that connects the h xg, vrs side valves 3a, 31], and 3c.

In the fuel injection system of such a diesel engine, fuel oil 31 discharged from the fuel pump 1 passes through the high pressure pipe 5, is introduced into the distribution valve 2, and is distributed in three directions by the distribution valve 2. , high pressure pipes 6a, 6t].

6C and is introduced into the fuel injection valves 3a, 3b, 3c,
Fuel is injected into the cylinder 4 from each fuel injection valve 3a, 3b, 3c and combusts.

However, in the above fuel injection system which is not a pressure accumulation type, the plunger diameter of the fuel 1 pump 1, the fuel injection valves 3a, 31), 3
The specifications of the fuel injection system, such as the nozzle area of C, are fixed and cannot be changed during operation.
The fuel oil injected from the nozzle increases the injection pressure as the load increases, resulting in better atomization and better combustion.
There was a defect that the atomization state of the fuel oil injected into the culm cylinder 4 during low-load operation became poor, resulting in problems such as poor combustion and generation of black smoke.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, marine diesel engines have spare fuel injection valves for low-load use, and during long-term low-load operation, all fuel injection valves are replaced with low-load use while the engine is stopped. However, such replacement of the fuel injector has the disadvantage that the work is complicated and time consuming.

The present invention eliminates the need to replace the fuel injector with a low-load one even during low-load operation, and also eliminates problems such as poor combustion and black smoke generation. This was done with the purpose of improving performance.

According to the present invention, the main distribution hole is provided in the distribution shaft rotatably fitted into the distribution valve body, and the oil sent to the main distribution hole is passed through the distribution shaft in communication with the main distribution hole. A plurality of distribution holes are provided in the distribution valve body, and the distribution holes are arranged in the same number and at approximately the same intervals as the distribution holes, and can be sent to a predetermined gluteal organ. The distribution holes of the shaft are communicated with each other by a flow path such as a groove provided in a narrower area than the entire circumference of the distribution shaft. Therefore, if necessary, by switching the distribution shaft, at least one of the distribution holes inside the valve body can be
Furthermore, even during rotation for switching the distribution shaft, oil can be sent from the main flow hole to distribution holes other than those to be shut off in the distribution valve body.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings f'J.

FIGS. 2 to 5 and FIGS. 6(a), (b), and (c) show an embodiment of the distribution valve of the present invention, and the distribution valve 2 includes the fuel injection valve 3a shown in FIG. It is equipped with a 71 canter mechanism for 3b and 3c. That is, the distribution valve body 7 has a rectangular planar shape, a cylindrical hollow part 8 is bored in the distribution valve body 1, and the distribution valve body 1 can be rotated manually or by an automatic switching device. The shaft 9 is fitted, and the upper M10'e: is attached to the -L portion of the distribution valve body 7, and the lower cover 11 is attached to the lower part of the distribution valve body 7 using the mounting bolts 12, respectively. The upper end of the distribution shaft 9 passes through the upper cover 10 and projects upwardly, to which an automatic switching device can be connected if necessary.

A fuel oil main flow hole 13 extending to a midway point in the longitudinal direction of the distribution shaft 9 is bored in the axis of the distribution shaft 9, and a protrusion 14 of a predetermined length that protrudes upward from the bottom 111 is connected to the distribution shaft 9. 9, and the lower cover 11 and the protrusion 14 of the lower cover 11 are provided with fuel oil that communicates with the fuel oil main flow hole 13 concentrically with the fuel oil main flow hole 13. A main flow hole 15 is drilled, and the fuel 1'! 1. At the lower end of the oil main flow hole 15, take the main nipple 1G for connecting the high pressure pipe 5 shown in FIG.
= I can do it.

The distribution shaft 9 has three fuel oil distribution holes 17a and 17b extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the distribution shaft 9.

17c is drilled so that one end side opens on the outer periphery of the distribution shaft 9 and the other end side communicates with the fuel oil main oil passage hole 13, and the fuel oil distribution holes 17a and 171), 17b and 1 '
Grooves 18 and 19 are provided in the circumferential direction to communicate with the fuel oil main distribution hole 13 and the fuel oil distribution hole 13 is distributed at required positions on the outer circumference of the distribution shaft 9. A hollow portion 8 is provided approximately parallel to the axis of the shaft 9, and the upper end of the slit 21 is surrounded by the distribution valve body 7, the distribution shaft 9, and the upper lid 10.
’.

A fuel oil distribution hole 1 provided in the distribution shaft 9 in the distribution valve body 7
Fuel oil distribution hole 20 communicating with γa, 17b, 17c
a, 20b, and 20c are bored, and the fuel oil distribution hole 20a.

The tips of the fuel oil distribution holes 20a, 20b, 20c can be connected to the high pressure pipes 6a, 6b, 6c4i shown in FIG. Branch nipples 22a, 22b, 22c
Install. The fuel oil distribution holes are 17a and 1713.
17b and 17c, 20a and 20b 120b,! :
20C are arranged at approximately 90 degree intervals, and during high load operation, 17a and 20a, 17b and 20b, 17c and 2
0c are located in a straight line, and during low load operation, 17b and 20a, and 17c and 20b are located in a straight line, respectively (see Figure 6 (A) and Figure 6 (H)). )reference).

'J F, 23 in the figure is a leak oil release hole provided in the protruding part 24 of the upper lid 10 to release leaked oil from the hollow part 8' to the outside, and 25 is the protruding part 24 on the upper part of the upper lid 1o of the distribution shaft 9. A stabilizing plate 26 is a stabilizing plate 25 of the distributing shaft 9 which is disposed above and fitted into a portion of the distributing shaft 9 having a square cross-sectional shape.
Mounting puttu screwed into the upper part, 27 is the stabilizing plate 2
5 and upper cover 10; 28 is a leakage oil relief hole provided at the bottom of the distribution valve body 7 for discharging leakage oil from the fuel oil main flow hole 13 to the outside; .

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained.

The fuel oil is compressed and sent by the fuel pump 1 shown in FIG. During operation, as shown in Figure 6 (a), the fuel oil distribution holes 17a and 20a, 17b and 20b, 11c and 20
Since the fuel oil is communicated with each of the fuel oil distribution holes 17a, the fuel oil is communicated with the fuel oil distribution holes 17a.

17b, 17c through 20a, 20b, 20c, and branch pipe nipples 22a, 22b, 22c through high pressure pipes 6a, 6b, 6c in FIG.
0 and is injected into the cylinder 4 from each fuel injection valve 3a, 3b, '3c.

When the load is low, the distribution shaft 9 is sequentially rotated manually or automatically, and the state shown in Figure 6 (B) is rotated approximately 90 degrees to the state shown in Figure 6 (C), thereby blocking the fuel oil distribution hole 20c. , fuel oil distribution holes 17b and 20a, 17c and 2011
communicate with. Therefore, the fuel oil introduced into the fuel oil main distribution hole 13 is sent to the fuel 113 + injection valve 3a through the fuel oil distribution holes 17b and 20a, and at the same time, the fuel oil introduced into the fuel oil distribution hole 17
The fuel oil is sent to the fuel injection valve 3b through the fuel injection valves 3a, 3b, and 20b, and is injected into the cylinder 4. Therefore, only one fuel injection valve 3c is cut off from fuel injection.

As shown in FIG. 6(B), when the distribution shaft 9 is at the midway position C during rotation, fuel oil passes through the fuel oil distribution hole 13 and enters each fuel oil distribution hole 17a, 17b, and 17c. ,
The fuel oil that has entered the fuel oil distribution hole 17a is introduced into the fuel oil distribution hole 20a through the groove 18, and the fuel oil that has entered the fuel oil distribution hole 17b is introduced into the fuel oil distribution hole 17b. A portion of the fuel oil is introduced from the groove 18 into the fuel oil distribution hole 20a. Also, the fuel oil that has entered the fuel oil distribution hole 17c flows into the groove 1.
A portion of the fuel oil that has entered the fuel oil distribution hole 17b is introduced into the fuel oil distribution hole 2'Ob through the fuel oil distribution hole 2'Ob. Therefore, even while the distribution shaft 9 is rotating, only one fuel injection valve 3c is cut off from fuel injection, and the supply of fuel oil to the other fuel injection valves 3a and 3b is not cut off.

As mentioned above, during low-load operation, by removing one fuel T31 injector, the total nozzle area of the fuel injection valve nozzle is reduced to 2/3, which reduces the amount of fuel oil injected! : FI JE power increases, the atomization state of the fuel oil injected from the fuel injection valve that is not 'al17i' improves, the combustion state improves, the fuel efficiency rate decreases, and the generation of smoke is also reduced.

The injection pressure waveform when one fuel injection valve is shut off is shown by a dotted line in FIG. 8(a). The waveforms shown by the solid lines in Figure 8 (a) show the conventional case in which not a single fuel injection valve can be shut off. From these waveforms, it can be seen that when the fuel injection cylinder valve 31 is shut off, the injection pressure increases. I know it's going to rise. In addition, the opening of the needle valve 71 of the fuel injection valve nozzle is shown in Figure 8 (b), where the dotted line indicates the case when one fuel injection valve is shut off, and the solid line indicates the case when no fuel injection valve is shut off. ""a [This shows the conventional case where gi is not possible.

When the fuel oil sent from the fuel pump 1 is under high pressure, the airtightness of the sliding portion of the distribution shaft 9 and the operating state of the distribution shaft 9 become a problem. However, in the case of this embodiment, the length of the sliding part between the distribution shaft 9, the distribution valve body 1, and the upper and lower lids 10.11 is increased, and the gap between the sliding parts is made small, so airtightness is maintained well. be done. In addition, by making the cross-sectional area of the ceiling part X of the fuel oil main flow hole 13 equal to the area of the step part of the distribution shaft 9 facing the hollow part 8', the force acting upward on the distribution shaft 9 can be canceled. Moreover, since the oil leaking onto the surface of the distribution shaft 91 is discharged to the outside through the leak bending hole 28,
There are 4 things that accumulate on the distribution axis 9F. Accordingly, the C distribution axis 9 is not pushed upward/JI I distribution axis 9
Since the stepped portion is pressed against the upper M10, the distribution shaft 9 can be rotated with a slight force.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the distribution valve water body 7 is made into a regular hexagon, and the distribution shaft 9 has fuel oil distribution holes 17a, 1.
The four valves 7b, 17c, and 17d are installed in the distribution valve water body l.
) fuel oil distribution holes 20a, 201+, 20c, 20d
This is an example in which a groove 29 is provided on the outer periphery of the distribution shaft 9 to communicate with the fuel oil distribution holes 17c and 17d.

Fuel oil 1 oil distribution holes 17a, 20a, etc. 17b, 2□Ob
, 17b, 201) and 17c, 20c, 17c, 2
The spacing between 0c, 17d, and 20d is roughly eol:
8 vines. By overlapping with such a configuration, the distribution shaft 9 can be
By rotating from the state shown in the figure in the direction of approximately 9019fl:'+71h, the two oil distribution holes 20d are opened.

20C can be closed. In the figures, the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 2, etc. indicate the same parts.

The distribution valve of the present invention can be implemented arbitrarily as long as there are a plurality of fuel injectors and one or more fuel injectors are to be shut off. When shutting off at most one valve, the planar shape of the distribution valve body 7 is preferably a regular 111-j square, and the number of fuel oil distribution holes is also n.
It is sufficient to use silk and shift the interval by 360/(+1 + j) degrees. ? However, the above figures 2 to 5 and 6
In the embodiments shown in Figures (A) to (C), the number of fuel injection valves is 3.
Since the number of fuel injection valves to be shut off is one, the planar shape of the distribution valve body is a square, and the interval between the fuel oil distribution holes is 90 degrees. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the number of fuel injectors is four, and the maximum number of fuel injectors to be shut off is two, so the planar shape of the distribution valve body is a regular hexagon, and the fuel,! 3+ The spacing between the oil distribution holes is 60 degrees.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the case where the distribution valve is provided in the fuel injection system of a diesel engine has been described.
It can also be used as a distribution valve for general hydraulic equipment, and the planar shape of the distribution valve body is not limited to regular polygons or circular shapes, especially if the distribution holes are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. It can be of any shape, and instead of the tM provided on the outer periphery of the distribution shaft, a communication hole may be provided inside the distribution shaft.In short, if a flow passage is provided to communicate each distribution hole of the distribution shaft. Of course, various changes may be made within Phase 1/II without departing from the gist of the present invention.

According to the distribution valve of the present invention, (1) Fuel injection conditions and engine performance during high-load operation are not impaired at all, and combustion conditions such as reduced fuel consumption, smoke emission, and combustion chamber fouling during low-load operation are achieved. It becomes possible to change 1q.

<II) Switching can be done during operation and there is no need to stop the engine, so we decided to perform automatic operation using manual signals such as 0 load etc. ([ID: Engine 1] The fuel injection valve for low load is not required, so the fuel injection valve can be controlled optimally according to the load.
Since there is no need to replace the injection valve, there are various excellent effects such as improved work efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the fuel injection system of a diesel engine, Figure 2
The figure is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the distribution valve of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of the l-111 arrow in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 2, and FIG. Explanation of the distribution shaft used in the distribution valve of the present invention, Figure 6 (A), (B), and (C) are explanatory diagrams of the operating state of the distribution valve of the present invention, and Figure 6 (A) is a high-load operation. Figure 6 (b) is an explanatory diagram of the state during switching from high load operation to low load operation, Figure 6 (c) is an explanatory diagram of the state during low load operation, and Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the distribution valve of the present invention, FIG. 8(a) is a graph showing the relationship between the injection pressure of the fuel injection valve and time, and FIG. This is a graph that does not show the relationship between 11 valve rifs 1 to amount and time. In the figure, 2 is a distribution valve, 7 is a distribution valve body, 9 is a distribution shaft, 13 is a fuel oil main flow hole, and 15 is a fuel oil main flow hole. Distribution hole, 17a, 17
b, 17c, 17cl are fuel oil distribution holes, 18.19 are grooves, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are fuel oil distribution holes 22
9 indicates a groove. Special W [Applicant Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Figure 1]

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A distribution shaft is rotatably fitted into BB in the distribution valve main body, and the main flow hole for feeding oil into the distribution shaft is oriented in the axial direction of the distribution shaft. (J) A plurality of distribution holes are provided on the distribution shaft at required intervals in the circumferential direction, communicating with the main circulation hole and extending in a direction perpendicular to the main circulation hole, and each distribution hole is made to communicate with each other. The distribution passage is installed over the entire circumference of the distribution shaft (J: a narrower area), and the distribution valve body has the same number of distribution holes that can communicate with the distribution holes provided in the distribution shaft in the circumferential direction. The distribution holes are provided on the distribution shaft at approximately the same intervals as the distribution holes, and if necessary, the required distribution holes on the back of the distribution valve on the distribution valve body side are blocked by the outer periphery of the distribution shaft. j4
A distribution valve characterized by: