JPS604671Y2 - Flow rate adjustment device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] This invention adjusts the feed speed of the apron of a lathe, which is reciprocated by an oil passage device, and the table of various machine tools, several times within one cycle time, according to the cutting condition of the workpiece. The present invention relates to a flow rate adjustment device that can adjust the flow rate by adjusting the speed.

As is well known, when the apron of a lathe or the table of a machine tool is reciprocated by a hydraulic device, one part of the table is
In order to shorten the cycle time required for reciprocating, the table is moved rapidly until the workpiece attached to the table reaches the cutting position. , or when cutting vertical surfaces continuously, cutting slopes and vertical surfaces continuously at the cutting speed of horizontal surfaces will result in rough cutting of the slopes and vertical surfaces. On the other hand, if you continuously cut a horizontal surface that can be machined at a faster cutting speed than the cutting speed of an inclined or vertical surface, the cutting speed of the horizontal surface will be slower than the cutting speed of the horizontal surface. There was a drawback that one cycle time became long.

Therefore, this idea was developed using a rotating spool type that can rapidly feed the workpiece to the cutting position as before, and can also be used by switching the cutting speed to two speeds: horizontal cutting speed and slower cutting speed for inclined and vertical surfaces. A special flow rate adjustment device has been devised to further shorten one cycle time.

Next, the structure of the present flow rate adjusting device will be explained with reference to drawings of embodiments.An inlet 2A is opened in the upper part of one side of the main body 1, and an outlet 2B is opened in the lower part, and an inflow path is formed into the main body 1 from the inlet 2A. 3A into the main body 1 from the outlet 2B.
An outflow path 3B is provided parallel to the inflow path 3A and an outflow path 3B.
An oil passage 4 parallel to both passages 3A and 3B is provided between them, and the rear end of the inflow passage 3A and the tip of the oil passage 4 are communicated through a first throttle valve 21.
The rear end of the oil passage 4 and the middle of the outflow passage 3B are communicated by the second throttle valve 21, and the inflow passage 3A on the inflow port 2A side and the outflow passage 3B on the outflow port 2B side from the connection part of the second throttle valve 22. In between, the inflow from the outflow path 3B to the inflow path 3A is enabled, and the inflow path 3
A check valve 20 is provided in the center of the main body 1 to prevent inflow from A to the outflow path 3B. A hollow portion 1a to be bored is provided, and a flow rate regulating valve 5 consisting of a cylinder 6 and a spool 9 which is rotatably inserted into the hollow portion 6a of the cylinder 6 is provided in the hollow portion 1a. The cylindrical body 6 of the flow rate regulating valve 5 has a first annular groove 61 communicating with the inflow passage 3A at the upper part of the outer periphery, and a second annular groove 61 communicating with the oil passage 4 at the middle part of the outer periphery.
An annular groove 62 is bored, and a third annular groove 63 communicating with the outflow passage 3B is bored at the lower part of the outer periphery, while a through hole 71 communicating linearly with the inflow passage 3A is formed in the first annular groove 6h. A through hole 73 that communicates linearly with the outflow path 3B is formed in the third annular groove 63, and a through hole 82 that is 60 degrees out of phase with the communication direction of the oil path 4 is formed in the second annular groove 62. A through hole 83 is formed in the third annular groove 63 having the same phase as the through hole 82 of the second annular groove 62, and is fitted and fixed in the cavity 1a so that it cannot rotate or slide.

The spool 9 that is fitted into the cylinder body 6 of the flow rate regulating valve 5 is inserted into the through hole 73 of the third annular groove 63 from the through hole 71 provided in the first annular groove 61 of the cylinder body 6 at a symmetrical position on the outer peripheral surface 9a. The through holes 71, 73 and the through holes 82, 83, which are bored in the cylinder 6 on the outer peripheral surface 9a of the spool 9, are
The vertical groove 1 provided in the spool 9 may be closed simultaneously as shown in the figure, or the through holes 82 and 83 may be closed on the spool outer peripheral surface 9a.
0, the through hole 71 of the first annular groove 61 and the through hole 73 of the third annular groove 63 are communicated as shown in FIG. 4, so that the pressure path P can be bypassed directly from the inflow path 3A to the outflow path 3B. Alternatively, with the through holes 71 and 73 closed by the spool outer peripheral surface 9a, the vertical groove 10 provided in the spool 9 connects the through hole 82 of the second annular groove 62 and the through hole 83 of the third annular groove 63 to the second annular groove 63. 5, communicate as shown in Figure 5, so that the first-stage throttled oil P1 that has passed through the first throttle valve 21 can be bypassed to the outflow path 3B,
A head 11 protruding outward from the main body 1 at the top of the spool 9
A first pin IN is provided in the upper part of the head 11 corresponding to the vertical groove 10 of the spool 9.
A second pin 2N and a third pin 3N are provided protrudingly at intervals of 60 degrees, and the spool 9, which is integral with the head 11, is rotatable in either the left or right direction within the cylinder 6. .

Since the flow rate adjustment device of the present invention has the above structure, in order to connect it to a hydraulic circuit and use it, it is necessary to use a hydraulic motor that reciprocates the table T, or to switch the direction with the table feeding side of the operating cylinder A as shown in Fig. 2. The spool 9 of the flow rate regulating valve 5 is connected to the valve C and connected to the table T so that the spool 9 of the flow rate regulating valve 5 can be switched by the dowel D. At the same time as mounting, a switching point di, d2. between a first cutting speed for cutting the horizontal surface f of the workpiece B and a second cutting speed for cutting the inclined surface or vertical surface slower than the first cutting speed. d3, and if there is a non-cutting section S within the cutting range R, the front part d1 within the non-cutting section S.
Also install it on the rear d2.

If the hydraulic system is operated in the above state and the directional control valve C is switched to the feeding direction of the table T, the pressure oil P discharged from the hydraulic pump H will be transferred from the directional control valve C to the inlet 2A of the main body 1.
and flows into the inflow path 3A from the inlet 2A.

At that time, the vertical groove 10 bored in the spool 9 of the flow rate regulating valve 5
is rotated so as to communicate with the through hole 71 of the first annular groove 61 and the through hole 73 of the third annular groove 63, and the through hole 82 of the second annular groove 62 and the through hole 83 of the third annular groove 63 are connected to each other. , when the spool 9 is closed at the outer circumferential surface 9a, the pressure oil P that has flowed into the inflow path 3A flows through the first flow regulating valve 5 provided in the middle of the inflow path 3A.
It passes through the annular groove 61, flows into the vertical groove 10 of the spool 9 through the through hole 71 with low resistance, directly bypasses the through hole 73 of the third annular groove 63 that communicates with the outflow path 3B from the vertical groove 10, and flows into the outflow path. Bypass oil P reaching outlet 2B from 3B
', and an oil passage 4 which flows into the first throttle valve 21 which has more resistance than the inflow passage 3A, and which communicates with the second annular groove 62 from the throttle valve 21.
A part of the two-stage throttle oil P2 flowing out from the second throttle valve 22 into the outflow path 3B joins the second throttle valve 22 to rapidly move the table T.

The fast-forwarded table T is connected to the pin N provided on the spool head 11 by the dowel D attached to the table T, which is rotated to the left or right to communicate with the through holes 71 and 73. Cut off the vertical groove 10 of the spool 9 and open the through hole 7.
1.73 is fast forwarded until it is closed by the outer peripheral surface 9a of the spool 9.

The spool 9 is rotated by 1 pitch θ by the dowel D, and the vertical groove 10 of the spool 9 is inserted into the through hole 82 of the second annular groove 62 and the through hole 83 of the third annular groove 63, which had been closed by the spool outer peripheral surface 9a. When connected, all of the pressure oil P that has flowed into the inflow path 3A passes through the first annular groove 61, passes through the first throttle valve 21 from the waist inflow path 3A, and reaches the oil path 4. second
It flows into the vertical groove 10 of the spool 9 from the through hole 82 of the annular groove 62, flows out from the vertical groove 10 into the through hole 83 of the third annular groove 63 communicating with the outflow path 3B, and flows from the outflow path 3B to the outflow port 2A.
The first-stage squeezing oil P1 reaches
A part of the two-stage throttle oil P2 flowing into the throttle valve 22 and flowing out from the throttle valve 22 into the outflow path 3B joins together to slide the table T at the first cutting speed slower than in the fast-forwarding state.

The table T sliding at the above speed is further rotated in the same direction by the dowel D installed at the next position, and the through holes 82, 83
The vertical groove 10 of the spool 9 that was communicating with the spool 9 was cut off, and the through hole 8
2.83 is also shifted at the first cutting speed until it is closed by the outer peripheral surface 9a of the spool 9.

The spool 9 is further rotated by 1 pitch θ by the dowel D, and the through holes 71, 73 and the through hole 82,
83 is closed, the pressure oil P that has flowed into the inflow path 3A
all pass through the first annular groove 61, and the first
It passes through the throttle valve 21 to reach the oil passage 4, passes through the second annular groove 62 provided in the middle of the oil passage 4, and reaches the second throttle valve 22 from the oil passage 4.
It flows out through the outflow path 3B, flows out from the outflow port 2B in the state of the two-stage throttle P2, and slides on the table T at a second cutting speed that is slower than the first cutting speed.

In addition, when the spool 9 of the flow rate adjustment valve 5 is in the fast feed state, the first pin 1N of the spool head 11 is in the vertical groove 10 of the spool 9.
If the position corresponds to arrow A indicating the inflow direction of pressure oil P, then move the second pin 2N one pitch P leftward or rightward from the pin IN, or in the opposite direction to the second pin 2N. Third
When the pin 3N is provided protruding and the spool 9 is rotated so that the second pin 2N and arrow A are aligned, the pressure oil P is squeezed one step.
1 and slide the table T to the 1st cutting speed with 3 pins 3
When the spool 9 is rotated so that N and arrow A match, the pressure oil P is changed to the two-stage squeezing oil P2 and the table T is slid at the second cutting speed.
A dowel D that rotates the pin N of the spool 9 in the left direction by 1 pitch P is provided on one side of the table T, and a dowel D' that rotates the pin N of the spool 9 in the right direction by 1 pitch P is provided on the other side of the table T. 1
Switching from pin IN to second pin 2N, or switching from first pin 1N to third pin 3N, or vice versa, switching from second pin 2N to first pin IN, third pin 3N to first pin 1N, or is from the second pin 2N to the third pin 3N, and the third pin 3
Switch from N to the second pin 2N to continuously cut the horizontal surface f, vertical surface, and sloped surface of the workpiece B, or fast-forward the front and back of the cutting range R and the non-cutting section S within the cutting range R. It was made so that it could be done.

Therefore, if the flow rate adjustment device of the present invention is connected between the directional control valve and the actuating cylinder, and the dowel on the table is moved and fixed in accordance with the cutting range and non-cutting section of the workpiece, as well as the cutting speed switching point, the dowel can be moved and fixed. each time it passes over the flow regulator,
The spool of the flow rate regulating valve provided in the device is automatically rotated one pitch at a time to the left or right to bypass the pressure oil that has flowed into the inflow path directly from the vertical groove of the spool to the outflow path. Bypass oil is used to rapidly advance the table, or the oil flows from the inflow passage through the first throttle valve into the vertical groove of the spool, flows out from the vertical groove into the outflow passage, and the table is slid to the first cutting speed using the first-stage throttle oil. The cutting speed can be switched from the inflow path through the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve to the outflow path, and the table can be slid to the second cutting speed using the two-stage throttle oil to switch to a double cutting speed. Not only can the single cycle time be shortened by finely fast-feeding to non-cutting sections within the cutting range that were not conventionally fast-traveled, but the cutting speed can also be switched in two cycles depending on the cutting situation of the workpiece. , compared to conventional cutting, where an inclined surface is continuously cut at the cutting speed of the horizontal surface and only the inclined surface is cut again later, or where the horizontal surface is also continuously cut at the cutting speed of the inclined surface. Cycle time can be significantly reduced.

Furthermore, the proposed device can sequentially switch from rapid traverse to first cutting speed, second cutting speed, and rapid traverse, or switch in the opposite direction midway through the process, making it possible to set the feed rate according to the cutting situation of the workpiece. Not only can the feed rate setting be changed freely by simply attaching and replacing the waist dowel, but the device of the present invention can be easily used in conventional hydraulic machinery, and its handling and operation are extremely simple.

In addition, when the pressure oil flowing into the guide device bypasses the flow rate adjustment valve, it is designed so that it passes through a vertical groove drilled on the outer periphery of the spool, so the pressure of the pressure oil may deform the adjustment valve. Or, the structure of the flow regulating valve is simplified, etc.
The device of the present invention has the above-mentioned feature of dramatically improving the efficiency of hydraulic machinery by shortening one cycle time, and has a remarkable practical effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the proposed flow rate adjustment device, Fig. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing the usage status of the proposed device, Fig. 3 is a comparison of the mounting positions of the workpiece and the dowel, and the conventional feed rate shown by the dashed-dotted line. FIGS. 4 to 6 are cross-sectional views showing the operating state of the proposed device. FIG.
The figure shows the one-stage aperture state, and Figure 6 shows the two-stage aperture state. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the annular groove, Figure 7 is an exploded view showing the main structure of the proposed device, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing the installation state of the dowel according to the workpiece. FIG. 9 is a working state diagram showing the relationship between the flow rate adjusting device and the flow rate regulating device according to the present invention rotated by a dowel, and FIG. 9 is a similar working state diagram thereof. 1...Body, 1a...Cavity, 2A.
...Inlet, 2B...Outlet, 3A...
...Inflow channel, 3B...Outflow channel, 4...
...Oil passage, 5...Flow rate adjustment valve, 6...
Cylindrical body, 6a...Hollow part, 61...First
Annular groove, 62...Second annular groove, 63...
・Third annular groove, 71°73...Through hole, 82,
83...Through hole, 9...Spool, 9a
...Outer peripheral surface, 10...Vertical groove, 11...
...Head, N...Pin, 1N...1st pin, 2N...2nd pin, 3N...
3rd pin, A... Operating cylinder, B...
...Workpiece, f, fl, f2. f3...Horizontal surface, b, bl, b2...Slope surface, C...
Directional switching valve, D, D', DI, D2. di, d2゜d3
．． dl, d2...Document, H...Hydraulic pump, L...Hydraulic circuit, T...Table, P...Pressure oil, P'... Bypass oil, Pl... First stage squeezing oil, P2... Second stage squeezing oil, R... Cutting range, S...・No-cutting section, θ...Spool switching pitch, t...
...1 cycle time, t'...Conventional 1
Cycle time.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] An inflow passage 3A communicating with the inflow port 2A and an oil passage 4 are provided in the main body 1.
, and an outflow passage 3B communicating with the outflow port 2B are sequentially bored in parallel from the top, and a first throttle valve 2 is installed between the rear end of the inflow passage and the tip of the oil passage.
1, a second throttle valve 22 is provided between the rear end of the oil passage and the middle of the outflow passage, a cavity 1a is bored from the upper part of the main body to communicate with the inflow passage, the oil passage, and the outflow passage, and a cylindrical body 6 is installed in the cavity. , a flow rate regulating valve 5 consisting of a spool 9 that is fitted into the cylinder and is rotatable is provided, and a first annular groove 61 communicating with the inflow passage is provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder.
A second annular groove 62 communicating with the oil passage and a third annular groove 63 communicating with the outflow passage are bored, and through holes 71 and 73 are formed in the first annular groove and the third annular groove, and a second annular groove 62 is formed. Through-holes 82 and 83 are formed in the annular groove and the third annular groove with a phase difference of 60 degrees from the through-hole, a vertical groove 10 is provided in the outer peripheral surface 9a of the spool, and a first groove is formed in the spool head 11 protruding from the main body. Pin 1N and 2nd
Pins 2N and 3rd pins 3N are each drilled at 1 pitch θ intervals, and a spool that rotates at regular intervals communicates the vertical groove with the through hole to make the pressure oil P into bypass oil P', or the vertical groove A flow rate adjustment device that communicates the pressure oil with a through hole to make the pressure oil a one-stage squeezed oil P1, or closes the through hole and the through hole on the outer peripheral surface of the spool to make the pressure oil a two-stage squeezed oil P2.