JPS6045720A - Supercharger for internal-combustion engine - Google Patents
Supercharger for internal-combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6045720A JPS6045720A JP58079702A JP7970283A JPS6045720A JP S6045720 A JPS6045720 A JP S6045720A JP 58079702 A JP58079702 A JP 58079702A JP 7970283 A JP7970283 A JP 7970283A JP S6045720 A JPS6045720 A JP S6045720A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- back pressure
- exhaust
- exhaust gas
- rotational speed
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は内燃機関の過給装置に関するものである。この
発明の対象とする内燃機関は排気ガスの圧ノｊ変動が頻
繁に発生ずるような用途のものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a supercharging device for an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine to which the present invention is applied is used in which exhaust gas pressure fluctuations occur frequently.
水中作業船などに搭載の内燃機関で排気の排出口が水面
下にあって排気を常時水中に放出している場合、波浪等
の影響にＪ：り排出口が水面上に突出すると排気背圧が
急に減少し、過給機用排気ガスタービンの圧力落差が急
増する。又、内燃機関の排気ガスを利用して大きなター
ビンをまねすとか、排熱ボイラに接続するがして高角荷
運転中に排気背圧が大きく変化する場合、特に設定圧力
以下に背圧が減少する場合にも同様なことが起る。If an internal combustion engine installed on an underwater work boat has an exhaust outlet below the water surface and constantly releases the exhaust into the water, it will be affected by waves, etc., and if the outlet protrudes above the water surface, exhaust back pressure will occur. suddenly decreases, and the pressure drop of the exhaust gas turbine for the supercharger rapidly increases. Also, if the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine is used to imitate a large turbine or if the exhaust back pressure changes significantly during high-angle load operation, such as by connecting to an exhaust heat boiler, the back pressure will decrease below the set pressure. The same thing happens when you do.
内燃機関の通常運転時の排気ガス圧力は１〜２ ｋｏ／
ｃｍ２である。例えば排ガス圧力１．５ ｋｇ／Ｃｌ
１１２、背圧０．５ ｋｇ ７ｃｍ２で過給機を運転し
ているとき排出口が突然大気に開放した場合には、その
差圧が１ｋｇ／ｃｍ２から１５ ｋｇ／ｃｍ２に＠激に
変化するので、高速回転している過給機はさらに加速さ
れてオーバースピードとなり、その回転部に作用する遠
心力による応力が過大となり、過給機の破損をきたすこ
とになりかねない。The exhaust gas pressure during normal operation of an internal combustion engine is 1 to 2 ko/
cm2. For example, exhaust gas pressure 1.5 kg/Cl
112. If the exhaust port suddenly opens to the atmosphere while the turbocharger is operating with a back pressure of 0.5 kg/7 cm2, the differential pressure will drastically change from 1 kg/cm2 to 15 kg/cm2. The supercharger, which is rotating at high speed, is further accelerated to overspeed, and the stress due to the centrifugal force acting on its rotating parts becomes excessive, which may cause damage to the supercharger.
この発明は以上の如き不具合をなくすために、排ガスタ
ービンの前後のタフ１へを接続する側流管に設けられた
バイパス弁を過給機の回転速度の状況と排気背圧の状況
により制御して過給機がオーバースピードになることを
防止するようにしたものである。In order to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, this invention controls the bypass valve provided in the side flow pipe that connects the Tough 1 before and after the exhaust gas turbine, depending on the rotational speed of the supercharger and the exhaust back pressure. This prevents the supercharger from overspeeding.
本発明の実施例を図によって説明する。内燃機関１の給
気管２は過給機３に給気ダクト４を介して接続されてお
り、一方内燃機関１の排気管５は排気ダクト６過給機３
用の排気ガスタービン７を経由して排気ダクト８に接続
し、排気ダクト８は外気に間数される。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. An air supply pipe 2 of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to a supercharger 3 via an air supply duct 4, while an exhaust pipe 5 of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to an exhaust duct 6 of the supercharger 3.
It is connected to an exhaust duct 8 via an exhaust gas turbine 7, and the exhaust duct 8 is connected to the outside air.
排気ガスタービン７の入口側及び排出側の排気ダクト６
及び８を直接接続し排気をバイパスさせる側流管９があ
り、側流管９の途中にはバイパス弁１０が設けられてい
る。１１および１３はそれぞれ過給機回転速度および排
気背圧を検知するセンサーであり、制御器１２はセンサ
ー１１６よび１３が検出した信号によりバイパス弁１ｏ
を制御づるようにしでいる。Exhaust duct 6 on the inlet side and exhaust side of the exhaust gas turbine 7
and 8 are directly connected to each other to bypass the exhaust gas, and a bypass valve 10 is provided in the middle of the side flow pipe 9. 11 and 13 are sensors that detect the supercharger rotational speed and exhaust back pressure, respectively, and the controller 12 controls the bypass valve 1o based on the signals detected by the sensors 116 and 13.
I am trying to control it.
制御器１２は回転速度および排気背圧の信号の検出値が
それぞれ回転速度設定器１４、排気背圧設定器１５で予
め設定された値を越えたときに作動し、予め設定した値
を越える状況にＪ：ってバイパス弁１０の開度を制御す
るものである。The controller 12 operates when the detected values of the rotation speed and exhaust back pressure signals exceed the values preset by the rotation speed setting device 14 and the exhaust back pressure setting device 15, respectively, and detect the situation in which the detected values of the rotation speed and exhaust back pressure signals exceed the preset values. J: Controls the opening degree of the bypass valve 10.
過給機の興状検出として回転速度レンサー１１と排気背
圧センサー１３を併設している理由は、一つには過給機
の異常な加速の原因が排気ガスタービン７の背圧低下に
よるもので回転速度の上昇はその結架であるので、排気
背圧レンザー１３で背圧変化を検知すれば過給機の異常
な速度上昇が起る前に排気カスをバイパスし得ることに
よる。また内燃機関、したがって過給機の運転状況は一
定のものＣ゛なく、無負荷状態から定格負荷状態まで様
々の負荷状況に応じて過給機の回転速度は変化している
ので、排気背圧がたとえ異常低下しても過給機の回転速
度が定格回転速度より十分低ければ故意に排気ガスをバ
イパスさせる必要はないし、不必要にバイパスすること
はエネルギーを無駄に消費ツることでもある。The reason why a rotation speed sensor 11 and an exhaust back pressure sensor 13 are installed together to detect the condition of the supercharger is that one of the reasons why the abnormal acceleration of the supercharger is caused by a drop in back pressure of the exhaust gas turbine 7 Since the increase in rotational speed is the result of this, if a change in back pressure is detected by the exhaust back pressure sensor 13, the exhaust gas can be bypassed before an abnormal speed increase of the supercharger occurs. In addition, the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, and therefore the turbocharger, are not constant, and the rotational speed of the turbocharger changes depending on various load conditions, from no-load to rated load, so exhaust back pressure Even if the supercharger's rotational speed drops abnormally, there is no need to intentionally bypass the exhaust gas as long as the rotational speed of the supercharger is sufficiently lower than the rated rotational speed, and unnecessary bypassing wastes energy.
このため本発明では過給機に回転速度センサー１１を設
け、内燃機関１の運転状況に応じて回転速度設定器１４
で設定値を定め、状況に応じて排気ガスをバイパスする
ことを可能にしている。For this reason, in the present invention, a rotation speed sensor 11 is provided in the supercharger, and a rotation speed setter 14 is set according to the operating condition of the internal combustion engine 1.
The setting value is determined by the system, and exhaust gas can be bypassed depending on the situation.
なお、上記実施例では過給機回転速度を検知するセンサ
ー１１と出口側の排気背圧を検知するセンサー１３を設
けた場合を説明したが、タービン入口側排気圧力センサ
−１３′を設けてタービン入口側排気圧力と排気出口側
背圧との差圧又は両者の圧力比を検知してその信号を利
用することも可能である。In the above embodiment, a case has been described in which a sensor 11 for detecting the supercharger rotational speed and a sensor 13 for detecting exhaust back pressure on the outlet side are provided, but an exhaust pressure sensor 13' on the turbine inlet side is provided to It is also possible to detect the differential pressure between the exhaust pressure on the inlet side and the back pressure on the exhaust outlet side or the pressure ratio between the two and use the signal.
次に本発明の作動状況について説明する。内燃機関１の
連続運転中に排気の背圧が急に低下すると、排気ガスタ
ービン７の回転速度もそれに伴い急激に上昇し始める。Next, the operating situation of the present invention will be explained. When the back pressure of the exhaust gas suddenly decreases during continuous operation of the internal combustion engine 1, the rotational speed of the exhaust gas turbine 7 also begins to increase rapidly.
この回転速度の上昇をセンサー１１が、排気背圧の低下
をセンサー１３が検出し、制御器１２にそれぞれ信号を
伝える。The sensor 11 detects this increase in rotational speed, and the sensor 13 detects a decrease in exhaust back pressure, and transmits a signal to the controller 12, respectively.
信号を受けた制御器１２は、その信号の検出値を回転速
度設定器１４、排気背圧設定器１５からの設定値と比較
することにより検出値の程度に応じてバイパス弁１０を
間にする。バイパス弁１０を間にすると、排気ガスの一
部は側流管９を通って排気ダクト８に直接排出され、そ
の分だけガスタービン７を駆動するガス量が減少するか
ら、ガスタービン７の回転速度上昇はおさえられる。Upon receiving the signal, the controller 12 compares the detected value of the signal with the set values from the rotation speed setting device 14 and the exhaust back pressure setting device 15, and thereby closes the bypass valve 10 depending on the degree of the detected value. . When the bypass valve 10 is inserted, a part of the exhaust gas is directly discharged into the exhaust duct 8 through the side flow pipe 9, and the amount of gas that drives the gas turbine 7 is reduced by that amount, so that the rotation of the gas turbine 7 is reduced. Speed increase can be suppressed.
次に内燃機関１の連続運転中に排気の背圧が再び急に上
昇−づると、排気ガスタービン７の回転速度がそれに伴
い急激に下降し始める。その回転速度の下降をセンサー
１１が、排気背圧の上昇をセンサー１３が検出し、制御
器１２にそれぞれ信号を伝える。信号を受けた制御器１
２は、排気背圧の低下のときと逆に、バイパス弁１０を
その検出値の程度に応じて閉鎖する。バイパス弁の閉鎖
具合に応じて側流管９を通っていた排気ガスは排気カス
タービンの方に流れ、その分だけカスタービン７を駆動
する空気量が多くなり、ガスタービンの回転速度は上が
りる。Next, when the back pressure of the exhaust gas suddenly increases again during continuous operation of the internal combustion engine 1, the rotational speed of the exhaust gas turbine 7 starts to decrease rapidly. A sensor 11 detects a decrease in the rotational speed, a sensor 13 detects an increase in exhaust back pressure, and transmits a signal to a controller 12, respectively. Controller 1 that received the signal
2 closes the bypass valve 10 in accordance with the level of the detected value, contrary to when the exhaust back pressure decreases. Depending on the degree of closure of the bypass valve, the exhaust gas that has passed through the side flow pipe 9 flows toward the exhaust gas turbine, and the amount of air that drives the gas turbine 7 increases accordingly, increasing the rotational speed of the gas turbine. .
上述の如く本発明は排気ガスにより駆動される排気ガス
の背圧変化に起因づ゛る排気ガスタービンの回転速度お
よび圧力変化をそれぞれセンサーによって検出し、過給
機を駆動する排気ガスを背圧の変化に応じてバイパスさ
せ得るように側流管に設けたバイパス弁を開閉制御する
ので、排気背圧の変動によって過給機に異常な負荷がか
かることを防ぎ、内燃機関の安全な運転が出来るという
効果がある。As described above, the present invention uses sensors to detect the rotational speed and pressure changes of the exhaust gas turbine caused by changes in the back pressure of the exhaust gas driven by the exhaust gas, and to adjust the back pressure of the exhaust gas that drives the supercharger. The bypass valve installed in the side flow pipe is controlled to open and close so that it can be bypassed in response to changes in the exhaust gas, thereby preventing abnormal loads from being placed on the turbocharger due to fluctuations in exhaust back pressure, and ensuring safe operation of the internal combustion engine. There is an effect that it can be done.
図は本発明を説明するための系統図を示す。
１・・・内燃機関、２・・・給気管、３・・・過給機、
４・・・給気ダクト、５・・・給気管、６・・・排気ダ
クト、７・・・排気ガスタービン、８・・・排気ダクト
、９・・・側流管、１０・・・バイパス弁、１１・・・
回転速度センサー、１２・・・制御器、１３・・・出口
側排気圧力センサ−，１３′・・・入口側排気圧力セン
サ−，１４・・・回転速度設定器、１５・・・排気背圧
１．′Ａ定器。
特許出願人代理人氏名
弁Ｊ！ｌ！十 角 １）黙 宏
１ム １ＲThe figure shows a system diagram for explaining the present invention. 1... Internal combustion engine, 2... Air supply pipe, 3... Supercharger,
4... Air supply duct, 5... Air supply pipe, 6... Exhaust duct, 7... Exhaust gas turbine, 8... Exhaust duct, 9... Side flow pipe, 10... Bypass Valve, 11...
Rotation speed sensor, 12... Controller, 13... Outlet side exhaust pressure sensor, 13'... Inlet side exhaust pressure sensor, 14... Rotation speed setting device, 15... Exhaust back pressure 1. 'A-determiner. Patent applicant agent name dialect J! l! Ten angles 1) Moku Hiroshi 1mu 1R
Claims (1)
側の排気ダクトをバイパスさせる側流管と、その側流管
に設けたバイパス弁と、前記排気ガスタービンの回転状
況と背圧を検知して前記バイパス弁を制御する制御器と
を有してなる内燃機関の過給装置。A side flow pipe that bypasses exhaust ducts on the inlet side and exhaust side of an exhaust gas turbine for a supercharger of an internal combustion engine, a bypass valve provided in the side flow pipe, and detects the rotational status and back pressure of the exhaust gas turbine. and a controller for controlling the bypass valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58079702A JPS6045720A (en) | 1983-05-06 | 1983-05-06 | Supercharger for internal-combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58079702A JPS6045720A (en) | 1983-05-06 | 1983-05-06 | Supercharger for internal-combustion engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6045720A true JPS6045720A (en) | 1985-03-12 |
Family
ID=13697537
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58079702A Pending JPS6045720A (en) | 1983-05-06 | 1983-05-06 | Supercharger for internal-combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6045720A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7707818B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2010-05-04 | General Electric Company | Exhaust stacks and power generation systems for increasing gas turbine power output |
-
1983
- 1983-05-06 JP JP58079702A patent/JPS6045720A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7707818B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2010-05-04 | General Electric Company | Exhaust stacks and power generation systems for increasing gas turbine power output |
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