JPS6043680A - Electrophotographic method - Google Patents
Electrophotographic methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6043680A JPS6043680A JP15225683A JP15225683A JPS6043680A JP S6043680 A JPS6043680 A JP S6043680A JP 15225683 A JP15225683 A JP 15225683A JP 15225683 A JP15225683 A JP 15225683A JP S6043680 A JPS6043680 A JP S6043680A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrostatic latent
- latent image
- photoreceptor
- voltage
- exposure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/06—Eliminating residual charges from a reusable imaging member
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はアモルファスシリコンを感光体として用いる電
子写真法の改良に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in electrophotography using amorphous silicon as a photoreceptor.
従来より電子写真の光導電性物質感光体として例えば無
機質のSe感光体・CdSのバインダー系感光体・酸化
亜鉛感光体・ポリビニルカルバゾールの有機感光体等が
知られている。最近ではra−3iJ と記す。)を用
いた感光体の研究が盛んに行われ、電子写真感光体とし
て実用化が試みられている。Conventionally, as photoconductive material photoreceptors for electrophotography, for example, inorganic Se photoreceptors, CdS binder type photoreceptors, zinc oxide photoreceptors, polyvinyl carbazole organic photoreceptors, etc. are known. Recently, it is written as ra-3iJ. ) is actively being researched into photoreceptors, and attempts are being made to put them into practical use as electrophotographic photoreceptors.
即ちa−3i感光体は他の感光体に比べて優れた感光特
性、特に長波長域における好感度性、耐熱性、高硬度性
を有し、また無公害であることから有望視されている。In other words, the a-3i photoconductor has excellent photosensitive properties compared to other photoconductors, particularly sensitivity in the long wavelength range, heat resistance, and high hardness, and is considered promising because it is non-polluting. .
ただa−3i感光体は暗減衰速度が早いという欠点があ
る。この欠点を改良するためa−3tに少量の例えば酸
素・窒素・ホウ素・炭素等の不純物をドープして、感光
体の体積抵抗を上昇させる方法がある(特開昭54−1
45539号、特開昭54−145540号など)。However, the a-3i photoreceptor has the disadvantage of a fast dark decay rate. In order to improve this drawback, there is a method of doping a-3t with a small amount of impurities such as oxygen, nitrogen, boron, carbon, etc. to increase the volume resistance of the photoreceptor (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-1
No. 45539, JP-A-54-145540, etc.).
而して不純物をトープさせたa−5i感光体は118減
衰速度の点で大幅に改善され、実用上問題のない水準と
なる。Thus, the a-5i photoreceptor doped with impurities has a significantly improved 118 decay rate, reaching a level that poses no problem in practical use.
しかし不純物をドーピングしたため今度はa−3i中の
局在準位が増加することが問題となっている。すなわち
、繰り返し潜像形成の際、静電潜の空間電荷の形成に差
ができる。そのため感光体の暗部と明部の表面電位の差
が次回゛の静電潜像に影響をあたえないように、潜像形
成のための帯電の前に除電のだめの露光(前露光)を行
って感光体上の表面電位をそろえたとしても、前回のメ
モリが表われることがある。However, due to doping with impurities, the problem is that the localized levels in a-3i increase. That is, when latent images are repeatedly formed, differences occur in the formation of electrostatic latent space charges. Therefore, in order to prevent the difference in surface potential between the dark and bright areas of the photoreceptor from affecting the next electrostatic latent image, a preliminary exposure (pre-exposure) is performed to remove the static charge before charging to form the latent image. Even if the surface potentials on the photoreceptor are equalized, the previous memory may appear.
実際の画像上では前回の像が前回の明暗のまま表われる
場合(ポジ像)と逆転して表われる場合(ネガ像)が特
にハーフトーン部に顕著に表われる。On an actual image, cases in which the previous image appears with the previous brightness and darkness (positive image) and cases in which it appears reversed (negative image) are particularly noticeable in halftone areas.
また原稿露光と原稿露光の間の原稿台または光学系が反
転し、原稿露光時とは反対方向に移動している間、感光
体に現像剤が付着することを防ぐために感光体除電のた
めの露光を行う場合、その露光メモリが画像上に表われ
ハーフトーン部が白く抜ける。場合によっては黒くかぶ
る。現象が発生する。In addition, while the document table or optical system is reversed between document exposures and moved in the opposite direction to that during document exposure, a When exposure is performed, the exposure memory appears on the image and the halftone portion appears white. In some cases, it turns black. A phenomenon occurs.
また、不純物により形成される局在準位の影響をなくす
ため感光体基板上に電荷の注入を阻止する電荷注入用I
I:mを積層し、その上にドーピングしないアモルファ
スシリコン層を積層して高抵抗化した感光体の場合もド
ーピングしないアモルファスシリコン中に存在する局在
準位のため、程度の差はあるにしてもメモリが存在する
ことがある。Additionally, in order to eliminate the influence of localized levels formed by impurities, a charge injection I that prevents charge injection onto the photoreceptor substrate is used.
Even in the case of a photoreceptor made by laminating I:m and laminating an undoped amorphous silicon layer on top of it to achieve high resistance, there are differences in degree due to localized levels existing in the undoped amorphous silicon. There may also be memory.
こうしたメモリを実用上支障のないものとするため一般
には静電潜像形成のための帯電の前に行う除電露光の露
光量を、感光体上の表面電荷を打ち消すに必要な量より
多くしていき、露光により発生する電子・ホール対を感
光体中に過剰に生成させて空の準位に捕獲させ、これに
より感光体内の空間電荷をそろえるという処置が採られ
る。In order to make these memories practical, the amount of exposure for static elimination exposure performed before charging to form an electrostatic latent image is generally greater than the amount necessary to cancel out the surface charge on the photoreceptor. Then, electron-hole pairs generated by exposure to light are generated excessively in the photoreceptor and captured in empty levels, thereby aligning the space charges within the photoreceptor.
しかし、潜像形成のための帯電の前に行うこれらの強い
露光は、メモリの消去の効果と共に、感光体の暗部電位
を減少させるという′問題を新たに発生させる。However, these strong exposures performed before charging to form a latent image create a new problem of reducing the dark area potential of the photoreceptor as well as the effect of erasing the memory.
第1図にこの暗部電位の減少と、前露光量の関係を示す
(静電潜像形成のための帯電は一定の条件下)。縦軸は
暗部表面電位(Vo)、横軸は露光量を示し感光体の表
面電荷を中和に必要な露光量を1単位としている。FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the decrease in dark area potential and the amount of pre-exposure (charging for forming an electrostatic latent image is under constant conditions). The vertical axis shows the dark area surface potential (Vo), and the horizontal axis shows the exposure amount, where the exposure amount required to neutralize the surface charge of the photoreceptor is taken as one unit.
このためメモリを消去する目的で、・強い前露光を与え
ると暗部電位を適正にとるため、強い帯電を与える必要
があり、感光体の耐久性、装置の耐電圧、オゾンの発生
等に悪影響を与える。さらに、暗部電位を適正に維持で
きる範囲ではメモリを完全に消去できない場合もある。For this reason, for the purpose of erasing the memory, if a strong pre-exposure is applied, it is necessary to apply a strong charge in order to obtain an appropriate dark area potential, which adversely affects the durability of the photoreceptor, the withstand voltage of the device, the generation of ozone, etc. give. Furthermore, it may not be possible to completely erase the memory within a range where the dark potential can be maintained appropriately.
本発明は上述従来の欠点を除去し、ムラのない良好な画
像を長期にわたって得ることができるようにしたもので
、アモルファスシリコンを用いた感光体に繰り返して静
電潜像を形成する電子写真法において、静電潜像形成工
程終了後、次回の静電潜像形成のための帯電工程の前に
少なくとも1回、感光体に接触によって電圧を印加する
手段を有し、その手段による感光体に対する電圧印加で
静電潜像のメモリを消去することを特徴とする電子写真
法を要旨とする。The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and makes it possible to obtain uniform and good images over a long period of time.The present invention is an electrophotographic method in which electrostatic latent images are repeatedly formed on a photoreceptor using amorphous silicon. The method includes a means for applying a voltage by contact to the photoreceptor at least once after the electrostatic latent image forming step is completed and before the next charging step for forming the electrostatic latent image; The gist of this paper is an electrophotographic method characterized by erasing the memory of electrostatic latent images by applying voltage.
U下、本発明の詳細を具体例により図面を参照しつつ説
明する。Below, details of the present invention will be explained by way of specific examples and with reference to the drawings.
実施例1
第2図は本発明の一実施例の説明図である。図では感光
体1はドラム状であるが、本発明でC±1!ラム状に限
定されるわけではなし)。Embodiment 1 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the photoreceptor 1 is drum-shaped, but in the present invention, C±1! (It is not limited to ram shape).
酸素をドープして高抵抗化したアモルファスシリコンの
感光ドラノ・1は矢印の方向に回転する。A photosensitive drum 1 made of amorphous silicon doped with oxygen to increase its resistance rotates in the direction of the arrow.
感光ドラム1は回転過程でまず帯電器2&こより、本実
施例では正帯電され、像露光部3にて像露光りされて静
電潜像が形成される。この静電潜像I±現像器4により
現像され可視像となる。次番と感光ドラムに接触するよ
うに送られてくる転写材Stと転写される。このとき必
要に応じて転写帯電器゛5により転写材Sの裏面から帯
電を行う。In the process of rotation, the photosensitive drum 1 is first positively charged by the charger 2 & in this embodiment, and imagewise exposed by the image exposure section 3 to form an electrostatic latent image. This electrostatic latent image I± is developed by the developer 4 to become a visible image. The next number is transferred to the transfer material St that is sent so as to come into contact with the photosensitive drum. At this time, if necessary, the transfer material S is charged from the back side by the transfer charger 5.
転写後の感光ドラムlはその表面をクリーナ6によりク
リーニングされ、次の複写に備える。After the transfer, the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is cleaned by a cleaner 6 in preparation for the next copying.
まず本発明の実施例に先だつ実験として前除電を行わず
に露光ランプ8による前露光量だけで上述のプロセスを
行った。このとき、前先光量は感光体表面の表面電荷を
中和するに必要な量とし、暗部表面電位(Vo)を40
0Vになるように帯電条件を設定したところ画像上には
メモリが強く表われた。First, as an experiment prior to the embodiment of the present invention, the above process was carried out using only the amount of pre-exposure from the exposure lamp 8 without performing pre-static discharge. At this time, the amount of front light is the amount necessary to neutralize the surface charge on the surface of the photoreceptor, and the dark area surface potential (Vo) is set to 40
When the charging conditions were set so that the voltage was 0V, memory was clearly visible on the image.
そこでメモリを消去するため前露光量を増加させたとこ
ろ、メモリを実用上支障のないレベルにするためには表
面電荷を中和するに必要な露光量の10倍の前露光量が
必要であった。Therefore, when we increased the pre-exposure amount to erase the memory, we found that in order to bring the memory to a level that would not cause any problems in practical use, we needed a pre-exposure amount that was 10 times the amount of exposure necessary to neutralize the surface charge. Ta.
このとき感光体の暗部表面電位VDは最初の半分(20
0V)に減少してしまっ′た。しかし、メモリはまだ完
全には消去していない。At this time, the dark surface potential VD of the photoreceptor is half of the initial value (20
0V). However, the memory is not completely erased yet.
一方、本実施例ではクリーニング工程6と帯電工程2の
間に於て感光体1面に対して導電性ゴムローラ7を接触
させることにより感光体面に対する電圧印加を行った。On the other hand, in this embodiment, between the cleaning step 6 and the charging step 2, a voltage was applied to the surface of the photoreceptor by bringing the conductive rubber roller 7 into contact with the surface of the photoreceptor.
9は電圧印加電源である。9 is a voltage applying power source.
電圧印加は一50Vの直流を加えたところメモリは完全
に消去した。When a DC voltage of 150 V was applied, the memory was completely erased.
また上記導電性ゴムローラフによる電圧印加に続き前露
光ランプ8により@露光量を行ったところさらに効果が
顕著であった。Further, when the voltage was applied by the conductive rubber rollerf and the exposure amount was performed by the pre-exposure lamp 8, the effect was even more remarkable.
このときの感光体の暗部表面電位VDは前露光量だけを
与えた場合に比べ最高40V減少したが、帯電器2の電
流をわずかに増加させることによりVoは400Vに完
全に復帰した。At this time, the dark surface potential VD of the photoreceptor decreased by a maximum of 40 V compared to when only the pre-exposure amount was applied, but by slightly increasing the current of the charger 2, Vo was completely restored to 400 V.
前露光量を第3図のように電圧印加の前に行う、または
第4図のように電圧印加の前後で行う実験でも同様のメ
モリ消去の効果が確認された。A similar memory erasing effect was confirmed in experiments in which pre-exposure was performed before voltage application as shown in FIG. 3, or before and after voltage application as shown in FIG.
また、可視像を形成せずに転写材等に静電潜像を転写す
るプロセスに於ても潜像転写後の感光体メモリを上述の
方法により消去できることを確認した。Furthermore, it has been confirmed that even in a process of transferring an electrostatic latent image to a transfer material or the like without forming a visible image, the photoreceptor memory after the latent image has been transferred can be erased by the method described above.
又、メモリ消去のための電圧印加を直流ではなく、直流
分が負である交流で行った。この場合も上記と同様のメ
モリ消去の効果を確認した。In addition, the voltage application for memory erasing was performed not with direct current but with alternating current whose direct current component was negative. In this case as well, the same effect of memory erasing as above was confirmed.
しかし正の直流電圧印加、または直流分が正の交流電圧
印加ではいずれもメモリ消去の大きな効果は確認できな
かった。However, no significant memory erasing effect could be confirmed when applying a positive DC voltage or applying an AC voltage with a positive DC component.
即ち、本発明に於て電圧印加手段7の接触により感光体
に印加する電圧は、静電潜像形成のための帯電と逆極性
の直流、またはその直流分が帯電と逆極性の交流が有効
である。That is, in the present invention, the voltage applied to the photoreceptor by contact with the voltage applying means 7 is effective to be a direct current with a polarity opposite to that of charging for forming an electrostatic latent image, or an alternating current whose direct current has a polarity opposite to that of charging. It is.
実施例2
実施例1に於て、静電潜像形成のための帯電な負とし、
メモリ消去のための電圧印加を正とし、他は実施例1と
同様の実験を行ったところ実施例1と同様の効果を確認
した。Example 2 In Example 1, a negative charge for forming an electrostatic latent image was used,
When an experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the voltage application for erasing the memory was positive, the same effect as in Example 1 was confirmed.
実施例3
感光体lとしてa−3iに窒素または炭素をドーピング
して高抵抗化したもの、基板上に電荷注入阻止層を設け
、その上にa−S+感光層を積層して高抵抗化したもの
などの感光体について実施例1.2と同様の実験を行っ
たところ、いずれも同様の効果を確認した。Example 3 Photoreceptor 1 was made by doping a-3i with nitrogen or carbon to increase its resistance. A charge injection blocking layer was provided on the substrate, and an a-S+ photosensitive layer was laminated thereon to increase its resistance. When experiments similar to those in Example 1.2 were conducted on photoreceptors such as objects, similar effects were confirmed in both cases.
実施例4
実施例1〜3に於て、導電性ゴム、の表面に絶縁体の薄
膜、例えば9gmのマイラーフィルム(商品名)をまい
たローラ7を用いてこれを感光体に接触させることによ
り感光体に対する電圧印加をするようにし、他は実施例
1〜3と同様の実験を行った。Example 4 In Examples 1 to 3, by using the roller 7 on which a thin film of insulator, for example, 9 gm Mylar film (trade name) was spread on the surface of conductive rubber, and bringing it into contact with the photoreceptor. The same experiment as in Examples 1 to 3 was conducted except that a voltage was applied to the photoreceptor.
ただしこのときのローラに対する印加電圧は、マイラー
なしの場合より高い電圧を印加した。However, the voltage applied to the roller at this time was higher than that in the case without Mylar.
この場合もメモリ消去に関し実施例1〜3と同様の効果
を確認した。In this case as well, the same effects as in Examples 1 to 3 were confirmed regarding memory erasure.
?fi圧印加手段7は感光体lに対して接離自由に支持
させ、必要時に感光体1面に対して接触させるようにし
てもよい。? The fi pressure applying means 7 may be supported so that it can freely approach and separate from the photoreceptor 1, and may be brought into contact with the surface of the photoreceptor 1 when necessary.
第1図は静電潜像のための帯電を一定にしたときの、前
露光量と、感光体上の暗部表面電位の関係グラフ、第2
図は本発明方法を適用した電子写真装置の一例の極〈概
略の構成図、第3図会第4図は夫々変形例の部分図。
1は感光体、2は帯電器、3は像露光部、4は現像器、
5は転写帯電器、6はクリーナ、7は電圧印加部材、8
は前露光ランプ。
第3図
2
第4図
第1図
第2図Figure 1 is a graph of the relationship between the pre-exposure amount and the surface potential of the dark area on the photoreceptor when the charging for the electrostatic latent image is kept constant;
The figure is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of an electrophotographic apparatus to which the method of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are partial views of modified examples. 1 is a photoreceptor, 2 is a charger, 3 is an image exposure section, 4 is a developer,
5 is a transfer charger, 6 is a cleaner, 7 is a voltage application member, 8
is the pre-exposure lamp. Figure 3 2 Figure 4 Figure 1 Figure 2
Claims (1)
て静電潜像を形成する電子写真法において、静電潜像形
成工程終了後、次回の静電潜像形成のだめの帯電工程の
前に少なくとも1回、感光体に接触によって電圧を印加
する手段を有し、その手段にパよる感光体に対する電圧
印加で静電潜像のメモリを消去することを特徴とする電
子写真法。(1) In an electrophotographic method in which electrostatic latent images are repeatedly formed on a photoreceptor using amorphous silicon, at least once after the electrostatic latent image forming process is completed and before the final charging process for forming the next electrostatic latent image. 1. An electrophotographic method comprising means for applying a voltage to a photoconductor by contact with the photoconductor, and erasing a memory of an electrostatic latent image by applying a voltage to the photoconductor by means of the means.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15225683A JPS6043680A (en) | 1983-08-20 | 1983-08-20 | Electrophotographic method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15225683A JPS6043680A (en) | 1983-08-20 | 1983-08-20 | Electrophotographic method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6043680A true JPS6043680A (en) | 1985-03-08 |
Family
ID=15536502
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP15225683A Pending JPS6043680A (en) | 1983-08-20 | 1983-08-20 | Electrophotographic method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6043680A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0342968A2 (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 1989-11-23 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Method for recording and reproducing information, apparatus therefor and recording medium |
-
1983
- 1983-08-20 JP JP15225683A patent/JPS6043680A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0342968A2 (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 1989-11-23 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Method for recording and reproducing information, apparatus therefor and recording medium |
EP0714093A2 (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 1996-05-29 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Method for recording and reproducing information, apparatus therefor and recording medium |
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