JPS6039641B2 - Tobacco butt growth inhibitor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for suppressing the growth of shark buds or suckers of tobacco plants, a growth suppressing method used therein, and a growth suppressant used therein. saturated aliphatic alcohol and 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3
- It relates to a method that can suppress the growth of tobacco butts by just one application of a solution containing a salt of 6-dione maleic hydrazide.

In tobacco cultivation, flowers are plucked at the time of flowering (dropping).

Plants that have lost their reproductive potential due to pinning will try to reproduce by producing pig buds and suckers. Suckers are buds that grow on the stems and leaves of plants, and it is difficult to remove them or suppress their growth, since these suckers multiply and suck nutrients from tobacco leaves. This will inhibit growth. In the past, these suckers were picked by hand, but the number of suckers is as high as 2 per tobacco, and 34,800 suckers are planted per acre (8,700 per acre). The effort and expense involved was enormous.

One way to suppress sucker reproduction is to apply a small amount of brood oil to individual suckers. Although this treatment method can prevent sucker propagation, extreme care must be taken when using this method, as mineral oil on the knee buds and leaves facing the suckers will cause severe damage to the leaves. It is said that recently,
To prevent the growth of suckers, the small suckers are first hand-picked, and then a few days later, maleic hydrazide (malic acid hydrazide) is applied at a rate of 3 pounds per acre of tobacco.
A method of spraying eichidrazide) has been proposed.

Maleic hydrazide is absorbed throughout the tobacco plant, and although it suppresses the development of suckers by inhibiting cell division, it does not interfere with the growth of existing leaves. Although this method is relatively effective, it usually requires two applications (one week or more apart) after thinning to almost completely eliminate the suckers. In addition, if maleic acid hydrazide or its derivatives are sprayed excessively,
Since the leaves contain a large amount of maleic acid hydrazide residues and become oily, care must be taken in the amount of application. Also, a method has been proposed to kill tobacco suckers using a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, but the method of applying this saturated aliphatic alcohol alone does not effectively suppress tobacco suckers. I can't.

This is because the above-mentioned alcohol is a contact-type sucker growth inhibitor, and its inhibitory effect disappears once it is washed away from the plant. Therefore, suckers that sprout after the alcohol has washed away continue to grow without being affected by it. Furthermore, since fatty alcohol causes burnt leaves of tobacco and reduces the quality of the leaves to be shipped, it is not possible to apply more than about 136 acres per acre (12 pounds/acre). In general, aliphatic alcohol is applied as a contact type sucker growth inhibitor within one day after dropping the tobacco field at a rate of about 136 to 170 days per 1 are of tobacco field.
After 5 days, a second aliphatic alcohol treatment was carried out, and then, about a week later, maleic hydrazide (in the form of a salt solution) was applied as a systemic sucker growth inhibitor. ) is applied at a rate of about 27 to 34 o per ar (about 170 o per cigarette).

Sequential spraying of saturated aliphatic alcohol and maleic hydrazide is a relatively effective treatment method, but it not only requires at least two or more adjacent sprays, but also has a negative impact on the harvested tobacco leaves. This is not preferable since a large amount of maleic hydrazide remains. Since the advent of shark harvesting machines, treatment methods with a sucker removal rate of less than about 90% are considered ineffective.

The young leaves at the time of combing are still very weak, so if you spray just enough to suppress the knee buds and suckers of maleic hydrazide,
Leaves are irreversibly damaged. However, an aqueous homogeneous mixture containing a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms (or a mixture thereof) and a salt of 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione is sprayed once after the bottle core. It was found that the growth of tobacco suckers can be effectively suppressed.
The 1,2-dihydropyridazine 3,6-dione salt used here is obtained by producing a salt of the reaction product of maleic anhydride and hydrazine. The amounts of aliphatic alcohol and maleic hydrazide derivatives used may be much lower than previously thought to be the most effective amounts for inhibiting tobacco butt growth. In the conventional method, it was necessary to spray the sucker formation inhibitor many times over a long period of time, but with the solution of the present invention, it is only necessary to spray once, which significantly reduces the labor involved. . Other advantages of the present invention include reducing the total amount of drug applied to the tobacco;
In particular, it is possible to reduce the amount of maleic hydrazide remaining in the harvested tobacco leaves. These and other advantages will become apparent from the description below. The object of the invention is achieved by treating thinned tobacco plants with an aqueous homogeneous solution containing a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and a salt of 1,2-dihydropyritazine-3,6-dione. .

The aqueous solution contains about 5-25% by weight of the viridazine salt and about 10-4% by weight of the saturated aliphatic alcohol. However, the above-mentioned ratios of each component are not limited, and the amounts may be changed depending on the number of tobacco plants so that an appropriate amount of the drug adheres to each tobacco plant. Furthermore, the sucker growth inhibitor mixture of the present invention may contain a surfactant and an emulsifier. Each of the above-mentioned components is usually in the form of a liquid preparation, which is diluted with water to an appropriate concentration immediately before use. Useful saturated aliphatic alcohols used in the present invention have 6 to 6 carbon atoms.
Among them, those having 8 carbon atoms (oct/ol), those having 10 carbon atoms (decanol), and mixtures thereof are preferably used.

Alcohols with 10 carbon atoms give particularly good results.

Satisfactory results are obtained when mixtures of two or more saturated aliphatic alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms are used in combination with maleic acid hydrazide salts.

In order to obtain a satisfactory effect with a small amount of drug in the method of the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the mixing ratio of the alcohol mixture, and any combination of saturated aliphatic alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms may be used. . Among the aliphatic alcohol mixtures, preferred ones are illustrated in Table 1 below.
Table 1 A maleic hydrazide derivative particularly useful in the present invention is the salt of 1,2-dihydropyridazine 3,6-dione.

Among these, particularly good results are obtained when potassium salts and jetanolamine salts are used. The above dione compounds are only slightly soluble in water at room temperature, but if 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione is dissolved in an aqueous solution containing an equivalent or excess amount of alkali, an alkali salt (e.g. potassium salt) can be dissolved. ) can be easily obtained. Useful salts obtained by this method include alkali metal salts (e.g. potassium salt obtained using potassium hydroxide); ammonium salts: alkylamines (e.g. methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, isopropylamine, dodecylamine, cyclohexylamine) salts; and alkanolamine (eg, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine) salts. When it becomes an alkali salt, it has better water bathability than the original compound. The above salt can be easily produced as follows.

Equimolar amounts of jetanolamine and trietanolamine and 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione were mixed into 3
A 30% aqueous solution of diethanolamine salt and triethanolamine salt of 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione is prepared by adding them to water so that the concentration is 0%. Each solution is heated to 100-1100C and evaporated to dryness. The jetanolamine salt remains as a sticky oil, while the triethanolamine salt is obtained as a partially crystalline mass. As mentioned above, a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and 1,2 dihydropyridazine-3,6
-If you use a mixture of dione salts, you can do it in just one treatment.
Moreover, excellent suppressive effects can be obtained with a much smaller amount of the drug than previously thought.

Since the aqueous homogeneous mixture of the present invention is preferably in the form of an emulsion, it is better to incorporate a small amount of a surface-active wetting agent. The surfactant used in the present invention may be any of anionic, nonionic, and cationic surfactants. Specific examples of anionic surfactants include sulfates or sulfonates of higher and lower aliphatic ethers (e.g. C,
? Day 33101C2 Day 41S031Na or C,? Day 3
3-○-C2 ratio 10-S03-Na); Sulfonates of higher aliphatic acid alkyl esters (e.g., sulfonates of higher fatty acid glycol esters (e.g., sulfonates of higher aliphatic alkyl-substituted amides) (For example, alkylated furyl sulfonates such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; sulfonates of hydroaromatic compounds such as sodium tetrahydronaphthalene sulfonate; alkyl sulfosuccinates such as sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; Alkyl sulfonates such as sodium oleyl sulfate; and soap solutions such as sodium urate, ammonium stearate, and jetanol ammonium oleate.

Useful nonionic surfactants include monoethers of polyglycols and higher aliphatic alcohols, such as the reaction products of ethylene oxide or polyethylene glycol with higher aliphatic alcohols; monoethers of ethylene oxide or polyethylene glycol with higher fatty acids; Monoesters of polyglycols such as reaction products and higher fatty acids; partial esters of polyhydric alcohols and higher monocarboxylic acids (e.g., glycerin monostearate, sorbitan trioleate); and higher aliphatic monocarboxylic acids (and/or Examples include partial or complete ester compounds of resin acids) and polyglycol ethers or polyhydric alcohols (for example, tristearate ester of sorbitan polyglycol ether). Useful cationic surfactants include:
Examples include quaternary ammonium salts in which one of the groups bonded to nitrogen is an aliphatic group having 8 or more carbon atoms (eg, trimethyloctylammonium halide). The above-mentioned surfactants are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to these and can be selected from a wide range of surfactants. Among these, a particularly preferred surfactant is one commercially available as Tween 20 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate). The sucker growth inhibitor solution of the present invention usually contains about 1 to 5% by weight of a surfactant. In addition, in order to form a good emulsion, Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, specific gravity 1.00 to 1.05), a polyoxyalkylene derivative of hexitol anhydride fatty acid partial ester, or Duponol C ( Dup (moI C)
Emulsifiers such as may also be used.

In order to safely maintain the emulsified state of the sucker growth inhibitor mixture, it is preferable to use about 7 to 15% by weight of the aqueous emulsifier. Add the unsaturated aliphatic alcohol, pyridazine salt, surfactant and emulsifier to the water and mix thoroughly to form a homogeneous concentrate. This solution is diluted to the desired concentration immediately before use. Typical compositions of the tobacco butt growth inhibitor of the present invention are shown in Tables 2 and 3 below.

Table 2 Table 3 A homogeneous liquid is prepared by mixing the above-mentioned components at about 2,000 ml using a propeller or blade mixer.

The feeding time is approximately 5 to 50 minutes, depending on the ingredients used, their amounts, and the type of fermenter. Approximately one day after the dropping core was applied, the compositions shown in Tables 2 and 3 above were applied to about 0% per 1 are of tobacco field (approximately 150 to 200 tobacco plants are planted in 1 are). .1-0.3 evening (
When applied at a rate of 6 to 12 quarts/acre), 1
The growth of suckers can be suppressed by spraying only once. The aqueous mixture is applied directly to tobacco plants using a tractor, an animal guided sprayer, or a shoulder fogger using compressed air. It is preferable to use fog when it is slightly rough.
Use one or more lines of foot mist at the same time to wet only the top 1/3 to 1/2 of the tobacco and allow the liquid to run down the stem. Up to now, in the methods of using a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms alone as a sucker growth inhibitor or sequentially spraying maleic hydrazide and the above alcohol, it is necessary to use a saturated aliphatic alcohol to obtain good results. is at least about 136 acres per acre (12 pounds per acre) or about 1.25 cc per plant.
was necessary.

Similarly, male hydrazide, when used alone or after spraying with saturated aliphatic alcohol, contains at least about 27
~34 acre (2.4-3.0 lb/acre) was required. As described above, the minimum effective amount in the method of using saturated aliphatic alcohol and maleic hydrazide alone or spraying both in sequence is approximately 136 units per ar for saturated aliphatic alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. 12
lb/acre), and for maleic hydrazide about 27-34 lb/acre (2.4-3.0 lb/acre). A significant advantage of the present invention is that this minimum effective amount has been greatly reduced. That is, a composition consisting of a pyridazine salt and a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms is made into a homogeneous aqueous liquid.
of saturated aliphatic alcohols (5-8 pounds/acre), maleic hydrazide in the form of pyridazine salts about 11-18 pounds/are (1.0
Stars equivalent to ~1.6 lb/acre) are included. ] is sprayed on Tahiko within about one day after dropping the core, compared to spraying each of the above components individually or several times in sequence, even though the amount of chemical used is small, and The same or even greater effect can be obtained with just one application. Accordingly, the aqueous liquid of the present invention contains about 57 to 91 acre of saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms (5 to 8 pounds/acre), 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione salt. Approximately 11 to 18 evenings per are (1.0 to 1.6 pounds/
It may be prepared so that it becomes It has been experimentally confirmed that when the mixture of the present invention is used on Burley tobacco, each of the above components is used alone or applied sequentially at intervals of about one week. Satisfactory results were obtained with half the effective dose.
Tobacco leaves coated once with pyridazine salt-saturated aliphatic alcohol solution according to the method of the present invention were harvested and evaluated after drying. The amount was about 2/3 of the effective amount required when sprayed on the farm, but in the harvested tobacco, the same or better effect than in the conventional method was obtained.

That is, when the mixed solution of the maleic hydrazide transfer salt and the saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms of the present invention is used, each of the above components can be used alone or both can be used together in one spraying process. (Spray maleic hydrazide a few days after alcohol spraying, or vice versa)
Much smaller amounts than would be required for spraying are needed to achieve the same or better effect. Next, examples will be used to explain how the liquid mixture of the present invention exhibits a superior sucker growth inhibiting effect compared to when each component is used separately.

Example 1 19 minutes (5 gallons) of a liquid (this liquid is referred to as AB liquid) was prepared by mixing the components shown in Table 2 above in the preferred proportions shown in the right column of the same table.

AB solution 8.5% was diluted with water until it became 190% to obtain a water-based emulsion for misting. Approximately 8,000 bran-cored cigarettes were counterfeited at once using 190 tons of this liquid mist. At that time, the mist liquid was applied only to the top of the plant, and then the liquid flowed down the stem. Table 4 shows the results of treating Burley tobacco with this liquid. For comparison, no treatment was applied after core removal (Comparative Example 1)
, the suckers were picked by hand without any chemical treatment (Comparative Example 2), and 1.25 cc of aliphatic alcohol mixture D shown in Table 1 was added per tobacco plant [1 per are.
42 evenings (12.5 pounds/acre)] when sprayed (
Comparative Example 3) A standard maleic hydrazide agent consisting of a dithanolamine salt of 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione was added at a rate of 170/9 [34/are] per plant.
The results for the case of spraying (Comparative Example 4) (3.0 pounds/acre) are also shown in the same table. The numbers shown in the table are 1
This is the average value obtained from four experiments conducted in a field where 200 tobacco plants were planted per acre (8000 tobacco plants/acre). Table 4 (Note) Test site: Greatsbrink, Virginia (
1974) Iso experimental species: Barley-21 (planted on May 24th, treated with bottle cores and chemicals on August 12th, harvested on September 11th) In Example 1, each plant 1・2
- 73.5 o [maleic acid hydrazide 15 acre/acre] as the potassium salt of dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione, alcohol mixture B shown in Table 1 per plant. It was applied at a rate of 0.6 cc (7.0 lb/acre).

Example 2 The preferred composition AB18 shown in the rightmost column of Table 3 was diluted with water to prepare a liquid mist AB190.

This counterfeit liquid 190 yen was collected from a tobacco field being cultivated in Blackstone, Virginia, for 40 acres (1 area'-) 163
(6500 trees/acre)] at one time. The results are shown in Table 5. For comparison, we also conducted a case where suckers were picked by hand without mulberry treatment (Comparative Example 5), and a case where a mixture of n-octanol and n-decanol was sprayed twice (Comparative Example 6). ), n-octanol and n
- Spraying a mixture consisting of decanol, and 7 days later 1
- The results for the case where diethanolamine salt of 2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione was sprayed (Comparative Example 7) are also listed in the same table. The experiment was conducted three times, and the average values are shown in Table 5. Table 5 (Note 1): Total amount per plant 2.50CC1.25c
C [2339/acre (20.5 pounds/acre)
] Sprayed twice with an interval of 7 days.

(Note 2): A mixture of n-octanol and n-decanol having the composition shown in alcohol mixture D in Table 1 was added at 1.25 cc [1179/are (10
．． 3 lbs/acre)] and then fed for 7 days and then treated with soetanolamin salt of 1,2-hydrobiritan-3,6-thion at 17o/acre per plant [Hydrasotho maleate 279/acre]. (2.4 lb/acre)].

(Note 3): Potassium salt of 1,2-sohydropyritason-3,6-ion, 110.3 phosphorus per plant [maleic acid hydrand 189/are (1.56 lbs.)] and an aliphatic alcohol mixture. 0.0 per plant.
90cc [969/are (8.5 pounds/acre)
] Spray a mixture of both at once.

The spraying treatment was performed on the same day as (Note 1) and Oohi (Note 2). As is clear from the above results, according to the method of the present invention, sucker growth can be suppressed with a smaller amount of chemical than in the conventional method. Furthermore, the aqueous homogeneous liquid of the present invention has a sucker growth suppressing effect on various types of tobacco such as flue cured, burley tobacco, cigar tobacco, and Connecticut broadleaf tobacco. If the suckers have a strong reproductive capacity, excellent results can be obtained with a relatively small amount by applying the sucker growth inhibitor solution of the present invention twice or more. Example 3 Tobacco trees (variety: Baker 319) were transplanted, and two months later they were cored, and the next day they were treated to suppress sucking using the inhibitors listed in Table 1.

Treatment conditions Temperature 3 ○ Related temperature 36% Treatment liquid 20'/8th day, 22nd day, 33rd day, 39th day and 48th day after main treatment
Harvest an equal number of tahaki from each category from A to G on the day,
The number of suckers per tobacco, the amount of green leaves per sucker, and the sucker suppression rate were measured, and at the same time, the degree of damage to tobacco leaves caused by each treatment was examined.

The measurement results for all five crops are shown in Table 6 as average data.

The level of tobacco leaves is expressed using the following scale. 0 No Harm 1 Very Slight Harm 2 Slight Harm 3 Some Moderate Harm 4 Moderate Harm 5 Strong Harm Thereby, in Category C treated according to the present invention: While a very high degree of sucker suppression effect can be obtained without harming commercially valuable tobacco leaves, the D category treatment has a good sucker suppression rate but leaves are seriously damaged and is not practical.
It can be seen that in the G category treatment, a sufficient sucker suppression effect cannot be obtained.

That is, the application of a treatment agent containing a mixture of a maleic hydrazide derivative and an aliphatic alcohol to tobacco is more effective than when each component in the mixture is used in a proportion corresponding to the total amount of each component used in the present invention.・It can be seen that it has a much superior sucker growth inhibiting effect.

Table 6 *1 Remove suckers by hand *2 Process

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Saturated aliphatic alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and 1.2
- A liquid composition for inhibiting tobacco butt growth, comprising an aqueous solution of dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione salt. 2. The liquid composition according to claim 1, wherein the pyridazinedione salt and the saturated aliphatic alcohol are contained in an amount smaller than the effective amount when each is used separately as a tobacco butt growth inhibitor. thing. 3 Dione salt is 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-
3. The liquid composition according to claim 2, which is a potassium salt of a dione. 4 Dione salt is 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-
3. The liquid composition according to claim 2, which is a diethanolamine salt of a dione. 5. The liquid composition according to claim 2, wherein the saturated aliphatic alcohol is n-octanol. 6. The liquid composition according to claim 2, wherein the saturated aliphatic alcohol is n-decanol. 7 Saturated aliphatic alcohols include n-octanol and n-
The liquid composition according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains a mixture consisting of decanol. 8
Claims 1 to 7 further comprising anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants.
3. The liquid composition according to any one of paragraphs. 9. The liquid composition according to claim 8, further comprising an aqueous emulsifier.