JPS6038204Y2 - Pseudo load device using water resistor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high-pressure dummy load device using a water resistor connected to an alternator connected to a diesel engine, preferably for power testing of the engine.

For example, for engine load testing, a dummy load device is used that applies a dummy load to the engine by driving a generator with the engine and applying the output of the generator to a water resistor.

In general, in a pseudo load device that absorbs power through water resistance, the power absorbed there is determined by the water's specific resistance (water conductivity).
, varies depending on the facing distance of the electrode plates and the flooded area.

Therefore, in a normal dummy load device, the specific resistance of water and the facing distance of the electrode plates are kept constant, and the electrode plates are moved in the vertical direction.
By changing the flooded area, the power absorbed there, that is, the load, is changed.

On the other hand, in engine or generator load tests,
Requires a constant, stable load.

However, the magnitude of the load on a water resistor is determined by changes in conductivity due to changes in the temperature of the water in the water resistor (usually an aqueous solution such as saline is used, so the concentration changes depending on the temperature, and the conductivity also changes). do.

) and changes due to changes in the water surface, so it is necessary to adjust the load by raising and lowering the electrode each time.

Therefore, if a constant load is required, the water resistor must be operated to constantly monitor the load and correct for load fluctuations.

However, with this type of conventional water resistor as a pseudo load device used for engine load tests, the electrode rod to which a potential is to be applied is placed in water from above the water surface in a water tank, and the The electrode rod was designed to vary the water resistance between it and the other electrode placed in the water of the aquarium depending on the length of the electrode rod immersed in the water. Low capacity electrode rods have a small outer diameter, which causes them to melt due to the high heat generated at the tip of the electrode rod and cause the water surface to boil, making the load unstable. If it becomes too large, a discharge phenomenon will occur due to high voltage, making the absorbed load unstable, and as a result, the electrode rod itself will be fused, making it impossible to operate.In the case of a high capacity, the voltage must be lowered to a low level using a step-down transformer, and then the water resistor Therefore, there were disadvantages such as high equipment costs and a large installation area.

This invention was devised to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional example described above, and as a pseudo load device using a water resistor, an electrode member to which a potential is to be applied is placed at the tip of the is placed at a certain distance from the aquarium wall at the bottom of the aquarium, and at the same time, the electrode member is placed in the water of the aquarium at a certain distance from the aquarium wall, and the water existing between the two is moved from the water surface of the aquarium to the bottom of the aquarium. A member is provided that insulates the electrode member from the other pole side by spanning the wall surface of the aquarium, and the shielding member is communicated between the two by changing the shielding gap between the electrode member and the other pole side. The present invention provides a novel device in which the distance between the bottom surface of the water tank and the wall surface of the aquarium can be freely adjusted so as to change the amount of water.

Therefore, in the water resistor according to the present invention, since the seed rod is exposed in the water, the arc does not fly on the water surface.
Since the seed rod does not melt or boil on the water surface, there is no surface disturbance, and the immersion area of the seed rod does not change, so the load is stable, and the seed rod does not generate heat from the bottom of the water tank. This allows for good circulation within the tank, and also reduces the temperature near the seed rod and reduces the decrease in water resistivity, which can prevent the occurrence of electrical discharge.Furthermore, since the high-voltage conductive part is fixed to the pedestal, In terms of insulation, construction work is easier, and flexible cords are no longer required, which has the advantage of safety and durability, and even if the seed rod falls due to an accident with a wire rope or other hoisting device, the load will be zero, and the structure will be improved. This has the advantage of working on the safe side.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described in detail.

1 to 3 show a water resistor in which three-phase electrodes U, V, and W are connected in a star connection so that each electrode is grounded in a respective water tank 1a, 1b, 1C.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, each electrode U of the three-phase electrode,
Three water tanks 1a and 1 by which V and W are immersed, respectively.
1c is provided, and electrode members 2a, 2b, 2c to which a potential is applied are provided in one corner of each tank, and a grounding member 3a as the other pole is provided in one corner of the other side.
3b and 3c are provided, and the potential of the electrode member 2 is lowered to the ground 3 through water in the water tank 1 interposed between the two, thereby constructing water resistors each having a resistance value corresponding to the amount of water interposed therebetween.

The electrode member 2 is made of a cylindrical metal tube, and as shown in FIG. 3, the electrode member 2 is suspended from above the aquarium 1 into the aquarium and is provided approximately vertically within the aquarium, with the upper end of the electrode member 2 protruding from the upper part of the aquarium. While connecting the electrode member 2 to the power supply side of the potential to be applied via the fixing fitting 4, and fixing the fixing fitting 4 to the pedestal 6 of the water tank 1 via the insulating fixing insulator 5, the electrode member 2 is inserted into the water tank. The lower end is formed into a needle shape whose outer diameter is gradually reduced, and its sharp tip is fixed to the bottom of the aquarium via an insulating support insulator 7.

A C0W pipe 8 made of PVC for supplying cooling water is inserted inside the cylindrical electrode member 2, while a PVC pipe 8 is inserted at a certain interval outside the electrode member to cover the outer periphery of the electrode member 2. An insulating tube 9 made of the following is provided.

C6W, the upper end of the pipe 8 is connected to a cooling water supply source via a pump (not shown), and the lower end thereof is opened approximately at the lower end of the electrode member 2 to supply cooling water into the electrode member 2. .

The upper end of the electrode member 2 is made to sink slightly below the water surface when the water tank is filled with water, and the circumferential surface of the electrode member 2, especially the lower end portion supported by the insulating insulator 7, has inner and outer surfaces. Since the water circulation hole 10 is provided through the electrode member 2, the cooling water supplied from the C0W pipe 8 to the inside of the electrode member 2 passes through the circulation hole 10 of the electrode member 2, cools the circumferential surface thereof, and then flows to the outside. The high-temperature water, which has increased in temperature by exchanging heat with the circumferential surface inside the electrode member 2, is discharged from the upper end of the electrode member 2 to the outside of the electrode member 2.

In this way, the cooling water from the C0W pipe 8 cools the circumferential surface of the electrode member 2, especially the tip of the electrode member 2, and the water on the circumferential surface flows at high speed, thereby preventing discharge of the electrode member. The risk of melting can be eliminated.

The insulating tube 9 has a cylindrical shape and is arranged approximately concentrically with the electrode member 2, and its upper end always protrudes above the water surface in the water tank to completely prevent the electrode member from interacting with water outside the insulating tube and insulate the two. At the same time, its lower end is extended to cover the lower end of the insulator 7 very close to the bottom of the tank, and placed in the tank so that it is at the lowest position with a very small gap between it and the bottom of the tank. While hanging down, the upper end of the insulating tube 9 is connected to a support frame 13 of an elevating mechanism 12 provided on the frame of the aquarium, as shown in FIG. 2, via an insulating connecting insulator 11.

The lifting mechanism 12 consists of a support frame 13 and a hoisting machine 14, and a lifting cable 15 connecting the two. When the hoisting machine 14 is driven, the insulating cylinder 9 is sequentially lifted upward via the cable 15, the support frame 13, and the connecting insulator 11. Because the distance between the water tank 1 and the bottom can be gradually increased,
The electrode member 2 covered by the insulating cylinder 9 is connected to a grounding member provided at one corner of the other side inside the ice tank 1 outside the insulating cylinder 9 through the exposed gap 1 between the insulating cylinder 9 and the bottom of the water tank. 3 and is short-circuited, the short-circuit strength between the electrode member 2 and the earth member 3 can be adjusted depending on the vertical position of the insulating tube 9. In other words, the load between them as a water resistor can be adjusted. become able to.

That is, as the insulating tube 9 is lifted upward by the lifting mechanism 12, the gap between the insulating tube 9 that short-circuits the electrode member 2 and the grounding member 3 and the bottom surface of the water tank 1 becomes larger, and the amount of water interposed therebetween increases. In other words, the load as a water resistor increases as the insulating tube 9 moves downward and approaches the bottom of the water tank. The load can be reduced as the overlapping distance is increased, and it is preferable that the maximum load be 10% or less of the normal rated load.

Note that the three-phase electrode members 2a, 2b, and 2c, which are star-connected to each other outside the aquarium 1 as is conventionally known, are provided in each aquarium with the grounding members 3a, 3b, and 3c as counter electrodes, and as described above, The members 2a, 2b*2c are respectively insulating tubes 9a,
9b and 9c, each of these aquariums 1a
, lb, and lc three insulating cylinders 9at
9bt and 9c are simultaneously moved up and down by one elevating mechanism 12, for example, so that the exposed gaps between the tips of the respective insulating cylinders 9 and the corresponding bottom surfaces of the water tank are displaced by the same dimension, the three-phase It is possible to smoothly adjust the load on the water resistor as an integrated electrode.

In the water resistor constructed as described above, the electrode member 2 is always placed in the water of the water tank 1, while the insulating cylinder 9 provided on the outside of the electrode member 2 can be freely moved up and down within the water tank 1. The resistance value of the water resistor is adjusted by changing the amount of water that communicates with the ground member 3 provided in the water on the other side of the water tank 1 via the insulating tube 9 depending on the upper and lower positions of the insulating tube. Therefore, since the electrode member 2 is constantly immersed in the water of the aquarium, an arc is more likely to be generated on the water surface of the aquarium than in the conventional case where the electrode member 2 is moved up and down into the water surface of the aquarium 1. Therefore, there is no possibility that the electrode member 2 will be fused and cut, and since there is no boiling on the aquarium water surface, there is no disturbance on the aquarium water surface. Since the area of the electrode member 2 immersed in the water tank does not change, the load as a water resistor, that is, its water resistance value is stabilized.

In addition, the electrode member 2 is short-circuited to the ground member 3 via the water on the lower surface of the insulating cylinder 9, and heat is generated from its lower end, that is, from the bottom of the water tank, so that the water in the water tank circulates well and the electrode member 2 Since the temperature near the lower end is effectively cooled and the decrease in the specific resistance of water in the tank is reduced, the occurrence of electrical discharge in the electrode member 2 can be minimized, and furthermore, the C0W pipe 8
The effect can be further increased by cooling the tip of the electrode member 2 by jetting cooling water from the tip.

Furthermore, since the insulating tube 9 is moved up and down to short-circuit the electrode member 2 and the grounding member 3 through the water on the lower surface, and the gap therebetween is changed to adjust the amount of water, the load, that is, the water resistor The resistance value of the insulating cylinder 9 can be easily and accurately adjusted, and the electrode member 2 that houses the elevating mechanism of the insulating cylinder 9 is fixed and can only be moved up and down with respect to the electrode member. Because of this, it has a simple structure and is easy to handle.

Furthermore, since the high-voltage conductive part for the electrode member 2 is fixed to the frame above it outside of the water in the aquarium, it is easier to insulate it, which was previously required when raising and lowering the conductive part. Since the existing flexible cord is no longer necessary, both safety and durability are improved, and even if the electrode member 2 falls due to an accident with the support device, the load will only be zero, which is actually safer. Because of its operation, it does not lead to damage to the cable or water resistor itself, as in the case of conventional methods.

Next, Figures 4 and 5 show water resistance in which three-phase electrodes U, V, and W are connected in a delta connection, and the three electrodes are placed together in one water tank 21 so that they are opposite to each other. Show the vessel.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, each electrode member 2 of a three-phase electrode connected in a delta connection as is conventionally known outside the aquarium.
2a, 22b, and 22C are made to face each other at a certain interval in the water of the water tank 21, and serve as mutually opposite electrodes, thereby forming a water resistor having a resistance value corresponding to the amount of water interposed between the mutually opposite electrodes. .

The electrode member 22 is made of a cylindrical metal tube, and as shown in FIG. A terminal 23 is provided to connect to the power supply side at the desired potential, and a PVC pipe 25 is connected to the opening via an insulating pipe 24.
and connect the PVC pipe 25 to a cooling water supply source (not shown), while the lower end of the electrode member 22 protruding into the water tank 21 is formed into a needle shape whose outer diameter gradually decreases. The sharp tip portion is fixed to the bottom surface of the water tank 21 via an insulating support insulator 26.

The electrode member 22 is fixed to the frame 28 of the aquarium through the insulating fixed insulator 27 at its upper end portion protruding outside the aquarium, and is also attached to the circumferential surface of the portion immersed in water in the aquarium, particularly to the insulating support insulator 26. A water circulation hole 29 penetrating inside and outside is provided on the peripheral surface of the supported lower end portion, while an insulating cylinder 3 made of PVC is provided on the outer periphery of the portion of the electrode member 22 immersed in water in the water tank.
Cover with 0.

The insulating tube 30 has a cylindrical shape and is arranged approximately concentrically with the electrode member 22, and its upper end always protrudes above the water surface in the aquarium to completely prevent the electrode member 22 from interacting with water outside the insulating tube 30. Insulating both, the lower end extends very close to the bottom of the aquarium to cover the lower end of the insulating insulator 26,
The insulating tube 30 is suspended in the aquarium at the lowest position with a very small gap between it and the bottom of the aquarium, while the upper end of the insulating tube 30 is fixed to a connecting fitting 32 via an insulating connecting insulator 31, and The connecting fitting 32 is connected to the water tank 2 as shown in FIG.
It is connected to a lifting mechanism 33 provided on the first frame.

The lifting mechanism 33 includes a guide rod 34 that guides the connecting fitting 32 up and down, a hoisting machine 35, and the hoisting machine 35 and the connecting fitting 32.
It consists of a lifting cable 36 connecting between the hoisting machine 35
When driven, the connecting fitting 32 moves up and down along the guide rod 34 via the cable 36, so that the insulating cylinder 30 is sequentially pulled upward together with the connecting fitting 32, and the distance between the insulating cylinder 30 and the bottom of the water tank 21 is increased. can be increased sequentially.

Each electrode member 22a, 22b, 22c of the three-phase electrode is covered with an insulating cylinder 30a, 30b, 30c having the same structure as described above, and each insulating cylinder 30a* 30b, 30c is connected to one common connecting fitting 32. Because of this, the operation of the lifting mechanism 33 as described above moves the three insulating cylinders 30a,
30b and 30c will move up and down the same distance at the same time.

Therefore, the insulating cylinders 30a*30
Since the electrode members of the other poles facing each other are short-circuited on the outside of b* 30c, the insulating tubes 30a, 30b, and 30c are moved up and down by the lifting mechanism 33 depending on the positions of the insulating cylinders 30a, 30b, and 30c. It becomes possible to adjust the short circuit strength of the electrode member, or in other words, the load between the two as a water resistor.

The water resistor constructed as described above can easily and reliably obtain a predetermined load in a stable state, similar to the star-connected water resistor shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. In addition, since the electrode member is formed into a cylindrical shape and the cooling water is supplied into the cylindrical shape, a cooling water pipe is not required, which simplifies the structure and improves the cooling effect. , Therefore, the durability of the electrode member is increased.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a star-connected water resistor as an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of one tank shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows the main parts of Fig. 1. 4 is a plan view showing a delta-connected water resistor as another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a view of the main parts of FIG. 4. It is an enlarged sectional view. 1.21...water tank, 2,22...electrode member, 3...earth member, 7,26...
・Support insulator, end...C0W pipe, 9,30...
...Insulating tube, 12,33... Lifting mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] An electrode member to which a potential is to be applied is placed in the water of an aquarium in which water is stored, with its tip spaced a certain distance from the aquarium wall at the bottom of the aquarium, and the electrode member is provided in the water of the aquarium. A shielding member is provided on the other pole side to cover the electrode member by insulating the water existing between the two from the water surface in the tank to the wall surface of the water tank at the bottom, and the shielding member is connected to the electrode member. The water resistance is characterized in that the distance between the bottom surface of the water in the water tank and the wall surface of the water tank can be freely adjusted so as to change the amount of water communicating between the two by changing the shielding gap between the two poles. A pseudo load device using a device.