JPS603599B2 - Shield tunnel excavation equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides for a bulkhead within the shield body to receive a groom excavated by a cutter head that does not impede the free passage of losses such as spoke-type and received within the propeltable shield body; The present invention relates to a shield tunnel excavation device that increases the pressure of the paddle and propels the tunnel while preventing the collapse of the face.

The purpose of the present invention is to prevent the face from collapsing due to the pressure drop in the pressurized castle by discharging exposed material from the front of the bulkhead to the rear thereof, and also to restore the face without collapsing using a simple structure. In addition, to be able to deal with the case where the soil is mixed with soil, and furthermore, if there is groundwater, to counteract the groundwater with a liquid whose pressure is in equilibrium with that pressure to prevent its flow. In addition, the purpose is to make it easier to transport soil mixed with rocks.

The present invention basically consists of filling the space between the face and the bulkhead of the shield body with an exposed area drilled through a spoke-type cutter head that allows free passage of the cheek, and applying this to the shield body. By propulsion of the bulkhead into a pressurized state, as a result of which the face is constantly pressed through the bulkhead with a predetermined pressure that is greater than the active force and less than the passive worker pressure, and if there is groundwater, the anchorage is The idea is to prevent the face from collapsing by applying pressure to the groundwater, as well as by applying a liquid with a pressure that balances the groundwater pressure to prevent the flow of groundwater.

In the present invention, when the pressure of the sand or mixed earth filling in front of the bulkhead of the shield body exceeds a predetermined value, the opening/closing cover of the damage receiver □ provided on the bulkhead is pushed open, and the casing including the bulkhead is removed. It enters the maple chamber or crushing chamber behind the formed partition and is carried out from the lower part of the chamber into the atmospheric pressure region.

This transportation can be carried out in various ways, but by supplying liquid to the bleaching room or crushing room and transporting the excavated soil outside the room, the excavated soil (or the crushed rock-containing soil) can be removed. Smooth and efficient unloading is possible. According to the present invention, a predetermined pressure is applied to the lid that opens and closes the bleaching □ provided on the partition wall, which is larger than the active soil of the face ground and smaller than the passive soil of the face, and the lotus is formed on the face and this. Only when the excavated soil receives a pressing force from the bulkhead and the reaction force exerted on the bulkhead and the lid provided at its closing exceeds a predetermined pressure value, the solids are accepted into the hem chamber behind the bulkhead. When a pressure drop corresponding to the amount of discharged earth and sand occurs in front of the bulkhead and reaches a predetermined pressure or less, the lid closes the gutter socket again.

In addition, when there is groundwater, by constantly filling the basin with fluid, the liquid prevents the flow of groundwater.
Therefore, without substantially diluting the degree of filling of the earth and sand in front of the bulkhead and without causing a drop in the groundwater level, in other words, the pressing force against the face is substantially lowered, the groundwater can flow through the tunnel, and the earth and sand can be discharged. It can be carried out. During this time, the shield body can be kept pressed in the propulsion direction at all times, and there is no need to apply special propulsion control to the shield body. Therefore, the shield main body is propelled while preventing the face from collapsing, and the lid body opens the rope holder 〇 in response to the pressure increase in front of the excavated earth and sand bulkhead, and the lid body opens the rope support 〇 as the pressure drops to a predetermined pressure. By operating the lid body to close the socket, it becomes extremely easy to automate the excavation of the shield tunnel. Furthermore, according to the present invention, rocks mixed in with the earth and sand are received in a crushing chamber provided at the rear of the partition wall and filled with liquid as necessary, and crushed by the impact force exerted by the outside of the crushing row. and transported out from the lower part of the chamber.

A bleaching opening is provided at the top of the partition wall, and the butterflies that enter the crushing chamber fall towards the outside of the rotor, where they receive the crushing force of the rotor as described above. This will become clearer from the following description of an example.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shield body 10 includes a propulsion jack 11 and a bulkhead 14 extending across the interior of the shield body at a position somewhat rearwardly spaced from the forward end 12. As shown in FIG.

The partition wall 14 has a Sekiguchi 1 at its upper part which is a bleaching port which will be explained later.
It has 6. A suitable reinforcing piece 17 is attached to the periphery of this opening. A bearing 18 is provided at the center of the partition wall 14, and a wall member 20 is disposed substantially parallel to the rear of the partition wall 14 and supported by the shield body 10.
A bearing 22 is provided.

Both bearings 18, 22 support a rotating shaft 26 having a spoke-type cutter head 24 attached to one end thereof.
The spoke-type cutter head 24 can be interposed between the face and the partition wall without blocking the exposure. Rotating shaft 26
A main gear 28 is fixed to the end of the pond via a key 27, and the main gear is connected to a reversible drive source 32 via a gear 30 and a reduction gear (not shown).
The gears 28 and 3 are housed in a casing 31 attached to the wall member 20'. cutter head 24
"Spokes 36 that extend in three directions from a boss portion 34 that is fitted onto the shaft end of the rotating shaft 26 and fixed via a key 33."
Equipped with.

As shown in FIG. 2, a large number of right-handed rotation bits 38 and left-handed rotation bits 40 are attached to the front surface of each spoke. Also, a cap 4 iron-coupled to the end of the rotating shaft.
2 is provided with a center cutter 44. Ribs 4 on the rear side of each spoke 26 serve as floating blades for excavated soil.
5 is provided. The wall member 20, the partition wall 14, and the backing material 46 therebetween constitute a casing 49 that forms an exposure chamber 48 on the rear side of the partition wall.

In the illustrated example, the health chamber 48 is always filled with liquid. The opening row 6 provided on the partition wall 14 is an opening for accessing the damaged chamber, and this opening is opened and closed by a lid 50. A piston rod 54 of an actuating device 52 consisting of a double-acting hydraulic piston-cylinder device is attached to a cover body (5) and a wall member (2).
is connected to.

The actuator 52 is configured to introduce a predetermined fluid pressure into the cylinder that is selectably configured to cause the piston to remain in position within the cylinder such that the lid 50 normally closes the cheek socket 16. A hydraulic circuit (not shown) is connected thereto. As a result, the exposure pressure that fills between the face and the bulkhead 14 is kept below a predetermined pressure that can stabilize the face, that is, within a pressure range that is greater than the active soil pressure of the face ground and smaller than its passive pressure. As long as , the lid body 5 and the gutter receiver/port 16 continue to be closed. On the other hand, when the exposure pressure exceeds the predetermined pressure, the lid 5 is pressed firmly to open the gutter support row 6 and allow the cheek to enter. When the pressure of the silk drops to the predetermined pressure value as a result of the bleach entering the health room, the actuating device 52 immediately pushes the lid body 50 back to the closed position to close the thigh receiver □16. The exposure receiver □16 is opened and closed according to the fluctuation of this loss pressure,
Only when the silk is opened due to an increase in pressure, the hem is taken into a loss chamber 48 filled with liquid behind the partition wall, and is transported out of the fly chamber through a shield discharge pipe 56 provided in the lower part of the silk chamber, that is, in the casing member 46.

As a result, discharge of the exposed material does not cause a significant change in the exposed pressing force by the partition wall 14, and therefore, frequent discharge can be performed without causing collapse of the face. To suit the case where the bleaching material is mixed earth and sand, the breakage chamber 48 can be a crushing chamber provided with crushing means therein. In this case, a rotor 60 having crushing teeth 58 is fixed to the rotating shaft 26 by a key 62. Further, the partition members 20 and 46 forming the casing 49 surrounding the rotor 60 are made thick enough to withstand crushing impact. Furthermore, in order to enhance the rock crushing effect, the rotating shaft 2 is installed as shown in Fig. 3.
An eccentric amount e is placed between the axis of rotor 6 and the axis of rotor 60,
Further, if necessary, a liner (not shown) having crushing teeth is provided on the inner wall surface of the casing 47. When the loss chamber 48 is simply a basin for excavated soil, the casing 49 constituting the bleaching chamber does not need to be arranged to accommodate the rotating shaft 26 as shown in FIG.

However, if the bleaching chamber 48 is configured as a crushing chamber with crushing means, it is advantageous to provide the rotor 60 on the rotating shaft 26 and drive it with a high torque, so that the rotor 60 is mounted on the rotating shaft 26 as shown. Preferably, the casing 49 constitutes a crushing chamber surrounding the rotor 60 eccentrically attached thereto. This construction is also advantageous in eliminating a separate drive source for the rotor or a separate transmission from the illustrated drive source 32, thereby simplifying the overall construction of the device. Fresh water pressurized by a liquid supply pipe 66 having an opening □ 64 in the upper part of the bleaching chamber in order to fill the bleaching chamber 48 with a liquid that counteracts ground water and to facilitate removal of the bowls from the silk chamber. , introducing liquid such as muddy water into the bleaching chamber.

This liquid carries the sand received in the loss chamber 48 or the sand containing the crushed foundation and passes through the corner discharge pipe 56 to the hem chamber 4.
8, but at that time new liquid is replenished into the exposure chamber. As described above, according to the present invention, the water that fills between the face and the bulkhead of the shield body is subjected to a pressing force by the bulkhead of the shield body that is given a propulsion tendency by the propulsion jack, and if there is underground water, it is A liquid acts to balance the pressure, which exerts a pressure on the face that prevents it from collapsing. Under this condition, the lid body moves from the closed position to the open position so as to be pushed back against the shield in response to fluctuations in the exposure pressure due to fluctuations in the amount of exposure due to the operation of the cutter head and fluctuations in the pressing force due to the propulsion of the shield body. As a result, the losses are brought into the health room. Therefore, there is no need to detect or monitor pressure fluctuations for exposed discharge, and the structure is extremely simple and does not require any special operations, and the anchor is discharged while maintaining the safety of the face ground. It can be performed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield tunnel excavation device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line m-m in FIG. It is a front view. 10: Shield body, 14: Bulkhead, 16: Shield holder □, 24
: Spoke type cut head, 26: Rotating shaft, 48
: Bleaching room (or crushing room), 49: Bleaching room casing, 50
: Lid body, 52: Actuating device (lid actuating device), 56: Exposing pipe, 60: Rotor, 66: Liquid supply pipe. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A driven rotary shaft rotatably supported on a bulkhead provided at the front of a propeltable shield body, and equipped with a cutter head at the front end that does not impede free passage; A casing that forms a chamber on the rear side and has a socket at the top of the partition, a lid for opening and closing the socket, and a lid that applies a predetermined pressure to each lid. Said■
When the socket is closed and the pressure exerted on the partition wall and the lid body by the gravel-containing earth and sand received in the shield body exceeds the predetermined pressure, the lid body is exposed to the
A shield tunnel excavation device comprising a lid operating means for opening a socket, and a means for carrying out (2) from the (1) chamber. 2. A driven rotary shaft rotatably supported by a bulkhead provided at the front of the propeltable shield body, and equipped with a cutter head at the front end that does not impede the free passage of ■, and a chamber (■) on the rear side of the bulkhead. The casing includes (1) a casing provided with a socket at the top of the partition wall, (2) a lid body for opening and closing the socket, and a predetermined pressure applied to the lid body to form a casing (1) with a socket at the top of the partition wall;
When the socket is closed and the pressure exerted on the bulkhead and the lid exceeds the predetermined pressure by the gravel-containing earth and sand received into the shield body via the cutter head, the socket is closed on the lid. A shield tunnel excavation device comprising: a lid operating means for opening; a means for supplying liquid into the chamber (1) to fill the chamber (1); and a means for carrying out mixed liquid (2) from the chamber (2). 3. A driven rotating shaft rotatably supported on a bulkhead provided at the front of the propeltable shield body, and equipped with a cutter head at the front end that does not impede free passage; A crushing rotor fixed to the crushing rotor, and a casing forming a crushing chamber that accommodates the crushing rotor,
a casing having a socket at the top of the partition; a lid body for opening and closing the socket; and a lid body that applies a predetermined pressure to the lid body to close the socket; Lid actuating means for causing the lid to open the (i) socket when the pressure exerted on the partition wall and the lid by received gravel-mixed earth and sand exceeds the predetermined pressure, and transporting (i) from the crushing chamber. Shield tunnel excavation with means to do so. 4. A driven rotating shaft rotatably supported on a bulkhead provided at the front of the propeltable shield body, and equipped with a cutter head at the front end that does not impede free passage; A crushing rotor fixed to the crushing rotor, and a casing forming a crushing chamber that accommodates the crushing rotor,
a casing having a socket at the top of the partition wall; (1) a lid operating means for causing the lid to open the socket when the pressure exerted on the partition wall and the lid by the gravel-containing earth and sand received in the shield body exceeds the predetermined pressure; and the crushing chamber. 1. A shield tunnel excavation device comprising means for supplying a liquid into the crushing chamber to satisfy the above conditions, and means for carrying out mixed liquid from the crushing chamber.