JPS6031200B2 - Vehicle power generator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a power generation device for a vehicle, and particularly to a power generation device equipped with an automatic generator.

This type of power generation device, which is well known in the past, uses a self-excited generator that starts up by self-excitation due to a weak residual induced voltage.
It could only be used under certain conditions where the rotation was extremely slow due to self-excitation.

However, if the number of revolutions used by the generator is wide, the generator will start up at a low speed, so in order to increase the residual magnetism of the rotor, etc., there are methods such as using a magnet in combination, or selecting the material of the rotor and monitoring it. However, in such a case, there are many difficult problems such as the output voltage being unable to be controlled by the voltage regulator during high-speed rotation. Therefore, power generating apparatuses equipped with self-excited generators are limited to specific usage conditions, such as vehicles operating at a constant speed.

In addition, this type of excited generator is mainly used in equipment that has a poor usage environment, and it is necessary to minimize the number of wires connecting the generator and external loads. The reason for this is that in this type of device, there is a high rate of wire breakage due to vibration, dirt, flying stones, etc., and care must be taken to protect the wires, and it is desirable to reduce the number of wires as much as possible. The present invention aims to solve the conventional start-up problem and to make a power generation device using a self-excited generator as a power generation source applicable to general passenger cars with a wide rotation speed range. .

Therefore, in the present invention, instead of relying only on the conventional residual electromotive force, we focused on the fact that when the engine starts, the battery voltage drops extremely due to the starting current of the starter, and pulsating current dew pressure occurs at the same time. The system is characterized in that the voltage pumping is used as a signal to combine the excitation current for external excitation from the battery to the excitation coil of the generator, thereby speeding up the self-startup of the generator.

The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the generator, generally designated by the reference numeral 1, is of the DC output type, in the form of an alternator driven by the engine of the vehicle and equipped with a full-wave rectifier for supplying DC power to the load. This exciter generator includes a 3-phase Y-type armature coil 2, an excitation coil 3, a 3-phase full-wave rectifier 4, an excitation rectifier 5, a voltage regulator 6, and an initial excitation which is a feature of the present invention. It has a built-in control circuit 7, and is provided with the only DC output terminal 8 on the outer wall of the generator (not shown). 9 is a regular load such as an ignition system, 101 is a starter, 11 is a battery,
12 is an assometer for displaying charge, and 13 is a key switch, which is an ignition switch 13a and a starter switch 13b.
It becomes more.

These loads and the DC output terminal 8 of the generator 1 are connected by a single wire 14. An example of the voltage regulator 6 and the initial excitation control circuit 7 is as shown in FIG.
, a Zener diode 18, a flywheel diode 19, and resistors 20, 21, 22, 29, and the initial excitation control circuit 7 includes a diode 23, a transistor 24,
It consists of a Zenner diode 25 and resistors 26, 27, and 28.

In the above configuration, when the key switch 13 is closed following the ignition switch 13a, and the starter switch 13b is also closed, the starter 10' starts to be energized rather than the battery 11, and at this time, the terminal voltage of the battery 11 is As shown in the figure, the voltage V8 once drops to the voltage VR, and becomes a pulsating current exposure pressure as shown by the voltage waveform of Vs which pulsates and rises as the starter 10 rotates.

When this voltage drops, the initial excitation control circuit 7 detects the occurrence of pulsating voltage and sends a signal to the voltage adjustment device 6 to turn on the transistor 15. An exciting current flows through the wiring 14 → output terminal 8 → transistor 15 of voltage regulator 6 → ground, and although the generator 1 rotates at a low speed, the armature coil 2
From there, a voltage sufficient to rise by eye excitation is generated through the excitation rectifier 5. FIG. 4 shows a comparison between the generated voltage in this case and the fully-excited residual induced voltage described above. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis shows the output voltage VG (V) of the rectifier 5, and the machine axis shows the rotational speed N (rpm) of the generator 1. When the excitation current is 2 A with respect to the residual induced voltage S line, When the line is 3A, b
It can be seen that when the line is 4A, the line becomes the c line, and an induced voltage more than ten times that of the S line is generated. Just now, Star Yuu 1
0 causes generator 1 to run at 10 pm (engine speed is 5
Assuming that the motor is rotated at a constant speed of 1.5 A, the excitation current required to reach the VG' voltage required for self-excitation rises is approximately 1.4 A, which is approximately 1/3 and 4 A of the normal power generation excitation current of 4 A.・Since the value is sufficient, the decrease in fin source fin pressure can also be ignored. Next, the operations of the voltage regulator 6 and the initial excitation control circuit 7 described above will be supplementarily explained.

As described above, the battery voltage at the time of starting the starter changes from the V8 voltage to the Vs voltage as shown in FIG. Under normal conditions, the battery voltage V8 turns on the Jenner diode 25, turns on the transistor 24, turns off the transistor 16, and therefore turns on the transistor 15.
is turned off, and no excitation current flows through the excitation coil 3. When the previous battery voltage changes to the VS voltage, the voltage falls below the voltage yz of the voltage diode 25, and the transistor 24 turns off. current flows, transistor 16 is turned on, transistor 15 is also turned on, and battery 1
An excitation current flows from the excitation coil 1 to the excitation coil 3. This continues until the voltage of Vs becomes higher than the Zener voltage Vz. Due to this excitation current, the generator 1 is self-excited even when rotating at low speed, and generates the necessary no-load voltage. Note that the value of the voltage Vz should be selected to be a voltage Vz = 10.8 to 11.0 V that does not cause the excitation current to flow when the battery 11 is discharged. When a voltage of
5 continues to be ON, and on the other hand, an exciting current flows from the full-wave rectifier 4 to the exciting coil 3, establishing self-excited power generation.

Furthermore, when the output voltage of the fin generator 1 exceeds the set level of the voltage regulator 6, in other words, the level of the Zener diode 18, the diode 18 is turned on, and the transistor 17 is turned on, and the base of the transistor 15 is turned on. In order to set the potential to the ground, the transistor 15 is turned FF and the excitation coil 3 is de-energized.

If the output voltage of generator 1 decreases, the Jenner diode 1
8. The transistor 17 is turned FF, and the transistor 15 is turned N, so that an excitation current flows through the excitation coil 3.
Thereafter, the voltage regulator 6 repeats the above operation, and the output terminal 8
generates a predetermined output voltage. Although one embodiment has been described in detail above, the initial excitation control circuit 7 is not limited to the circuit configuration shown in FIG. Alternatively, the pulsating voltage at the time of starting can be used to turn on the transistors 31 and 32 using the pulsating voltage and the smoothing capacitor 30, as shown in FIG. O
When the transistor 32 is turned off, the resistor 33,
Of course, various circuit configurations are possible, such as a circuit that supplies base current to the transistors 16 and 15 of the voltage regulator 6 via the diode 23.

In addition, in FIG. 5, 34 is a diode, 35, 36,
37, 38, and 39 are resistors, and when the pulsating current exposure pressure is no longer generated, the transistor 31 is turned on, and therefore the transistor 32 is turned on.
remains ON. In addition, in the above embodiment, the excitation rectifier 5 is composed of three diodes, one of which is
By replacing one diode with a resistor, two diodes and one
If configured with two resistors, it will be useful to efficiently apply the minute voltage generated at the start of rotation of the generator 1 to the base circuit of the transistors 16 and 15 of the voltage regulator 6, and the self-excitation of the generator 1 will be effective. The start-up rotation speed can be made even lower.

As described above, in the present invention, when a self-excited generator equipped with a voltage regulator is provided as a generator, the voltage fluctuation of the battery at the time of starting the starter is detected and the switch means of the voltage regulator is closed. Since the initial excitation current is supplied from the battery to the excitation coil of the generator, the DC current generated at the generator's DC output terminal can be reduced without installing extra wiring between the generator and the external electrical load. By detecting the voltage fluctuation of the battery when starting the starter, it is possible to apply initial excitation by closing the switch means inserted in the current-carrying circuit from the DC output terminal to the excitation coil. This has the effect of minimizing the number of wires between the The device can control the output voltage of the generator up to high speed rotation,
Therefore, there is an excellent effect that a power generation device suitable for vehicles such as passenger cars that can be used over a wide range of operating speeds can be provided.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the vehicle power generation device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the main parts of the device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a battery pressure pump when starting the starter. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram for explaining the operation of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the initial excitation control circuit in the device of the present invention. 1... Generator, 2... Armature coil, 3...
...Exciting coil, 6...Voltage regulator,
7...Initial excitation control circuit, 8...DC output terminal, 10...Star generator, 11...Battery,
13b...Starter switch. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A generator having an armature coil, an excitation coil, and a DC output terminal, and exciting the excitation coil by the output of the armature coil; and a battery connected to the DC output terminal and charged by the generator. , a starter connected to the battery via a starter switch, and a switch means inserted in an energizing circuit extending from the DC output terminal to the excitation coil, detecting the output voltage of the armature coil, and detecting the output voltage of the armature coil. The present invention is characterized by comprising a voltage regulator that controls the current supplied from the coil to the excitation coil, and an initial excitation control circuit that detects the voltage movement of the battery at the time of starting the starter and closes the switch means. Vehicle power generator.