JPS6028936Y2 - Separate air conditioner/heater - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to the configuration of a separate type air-conditioning/heating machine that is capable of efficiently exerting its respective cooling and heating capabilities, and is highly practical as a simple structure and low-cost device.

Air conditioners and heaters, which combine cooling operation using a refrigeration cycle with heating operation using hot water obtained from the combustion heat of kerosene, gas, etc., have recently become popular due to their characteristics that allow them to fully demonstrate their respective capabilities. It has been done.

However, since this type of air conditioner/heater uses water (hot water), if the cooling evaporator and heating hot water coil are installed indoors, there are four connecting pipes with the outdoor unit. In addition, during heating operation, it takes a considerable amount of time to bring the water up to the specified temperature, so there is a problem that heating starts slowly, and water needs to be replenished, which requires considerable management effort. Furthermore, there are various drawbacks, such as the fact that when the heating operation is stopped in winter, the water freezes and can easily lead to accidents such as pipe bursting.

The present invention was developed in an attempt to overcome the drawbacks of conventional devices and provide a new air-conditioning/heating machine that is easy to handle and has a simple mechanism. Basically, the cooling cycle is performed by compressor operation, and the heating is performed by a natural circulation heating cycle using the same refrigerant.
In addition to using a shared heat source heat exchanger for heating, the refrigerant is directly heated with combustion exhaust gas during heating, and the temperature of the outdoor fan used for cooling is adjusted to prevent abnormal heating of the refrigerant. It is characterized by a structure that can be used in common with a commercial blower.

The specific contents of the present invention will be described in detail below based on one embodiment of the accompanying drawings.

The present invention has a separate structure having an outdoor unit 1 and an indoor unit 2 independently as shown in the illustrated example.
The indoor unit 2 is equipped with a compressor 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, a pressure reducer 5, and an accumulator 6, and the indoor unit 2 is equipped with an indoor fan 8 with an indoor coil 7.

The outdoor unit 1 is installed outdoors at a low place such as on the ground or on the floor of a machine room, while the indoor unit 2 is installed on the upper part of a wall indoors, so that the indoor unit 2 is placed at a higher place than the outdoor unit 1. The refrigerant circuits of both units 1 and 2 are connected to each other by connecting pipes 9 and 10.

In the outdoor unit 1, the accumulator 6 compressor 3
．． Outdoor coil 11 of outdoor heat exchanger 4. A pressure reducer 5 is connected in series between an inflow side connection port 16 and an outflow side connection port 17, and the compressor 3° outdoor coil 11. Pressure reducer5.
A series circulation refrigeration circuit of an indoor coil 7 is formed between both units 1 and 2.

Further, in the outdoor unit 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 4 connects the coil 11 so that its refrigerant outlet 11a is connected to the refrigerant inlet 11.
For example, the blower 12 . A combustor 13 is attached.

As shown schematically, the outdoor heat exchanger 4 has an arrangement in which the outdoor coil 11 is housed in the duct 14 and the airflow flowing between the air inlet and the outlet 15 is blocked. A push-in type blower 12 is disposed at the air inlet, and a combustor 13 is provided at an appropriate location between the blower 12 and the outdoor coil 11, so that the outdoor coil 11 and the space before and after it are connected to the blower. A common air flow path is formed for the low temperature wind generated by the combustor 12 and the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustor 13.

Note that 18 and 19 are solenoid valves that are opened during cooling operation.

On the other hand, in the indoor unit 2, the indoor coil 7 is formed, for example, in an air-to-air heat exchanger arranged vertically in a meandering path in the vertical direction so that the refrigerant type lower b is located at a higher position than the refrigerant outlet lower a. , both the connection ports 1 are connected by the connecting pipe 9.10.
I contacted you on 7.16.

The air conditioner having the above-described structure further includes a circuit switching device in the refrigerant circuit of the outdoor unit 1.

The switching device disconnects the discharge line and suction line of the compressor 3 and directly connects the refrigerant inlet 11b of the outdoor coil 11 to the refrigerant output lower a of the indoor coil 7;
It consists of two devices: a device that short-circuits between the inlet and outlet of the pressure reducer 5; as an example, the former device is combined with the electromagnetic valve 18, the check valve 22, and the compressor 3. It is formed by a bypass pipe bridged between the discharge line and the suction line, and a solenoid valve 20 interposed in the bypass pipe,
The latter device is formed by the solenoid valve 19 and a solenoid valve 21 provided so as to be able to short-circuit between the inlet and outlet of the pressure reducer 5.

Next, the mode of cooling/heating operation of the above-mentioned air conditioner/heater will be explained.

First, to describe the case of cooling operation, compressor 3° blower 1
2 and the indoor fan 8 are operated.1. While the solenoid valves 18 and 19 are energized to open, the combustor 13 is stopped and the solenoid valve 2 is opened.
The valves 0 and 21 are kept closed by deenergization.

By operating the compressor 3, the refrigerant flows as shown by the solid line arrow, forming a cooling cycle using a normal compression refrigeration cycle. By being cooled, it is condensed and liquefied, so that the outdoor heat exchanger 4 acts as a condenser.

On the other hand, in the indoor coil 7, the low-pressure refrigerant extracts latent heat of vaporization from the indoor air and acts as an evaporator, so that cooling operation is performed smoothly.

Note that the compressor 3 and the blower 12 are automatically started and stopped by commands from a temperature controller (not shown) provided in the indoor unit 2.

Next, talking about heating operation, indoor fan 8, blower 1
2 and the combustor 13 are operated, and the solenoid valves 20 and 21 are energized to open, while the compressor 3 is stopped and the solenoid valves 18 and 19 are deenergized and closed.

The high-temperature combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion operation of the combustor 13 mixes with the cold air sent from the blower 12 to become wind at an appropriate temperature, and is blown onto the outdoor coil 11, so that the refrigerant is heated within the outdoor coil 11. It evaporates and vaporizes.

This high-temperature refrigerant gas passes through the refrigerant outlet 11a, the solenoid valve 21, and the connecting pipe 9, passes through the refrigerant population 21 of the indoor coil 7, and the connecting pipe 9, reaches the lower refrigerant hole b of the indoor coil 7, and circulates through the indoor coil 7. During this time, sensible heat and latent heat of condensation are released into the indoor air, which condenses and liquefies, heating the room.

Is this liquefied refrigerant a refrigerant outlet? a. The refrigerant flows down the connecting pipe 10 due to its own weight, passes through the electromagnetic valve 20, reaches the refrigerant inlet flb of the coil 11, and is heated by the hot air in the coil 11 again.

The refrigerant flow at this time is as shown by the broken line arrow, and the refrigerant undergoes a gas/liquid phase change and natural circulation due to the difference in specific gravity, so heating is achieved by a natural circulation heating cycle that does not use any power. Needless to say, there will be some driving involved.

During the heating operation described above, the combustion exhaust gas and the cold air from the blower 12 are mixed and sent to the outdoor coil 11, so that the temperature of the hot air immediately before the outdoor coil 11 is lower than the allowable heat resistance temperature of the refrigerant, for example, 150°C. It is possible to regulate
It has excellent safety, and since direct heat exchange is performed between the hot air and the refrigerant, the temperature rise rate of the refrigerant is faster, and the heating start-up is faster.

Note that the appropriate air blowing capacity of the blower 12 is different for cooling operation and heating operation, so it is preferable to have a variable air volume structure so as to be optimal for each operation. It is also a preferred embodiment to control the combustion capacity of the combustor 13 so that the combustor 13 is maintained at a predetermined temperature.

Further, as shown in the illustrated example, it is preferable to form the blower 12 as a forced fan disposed on the windward side of the combustor 13 from the viewpoint of lifespan and safety since the blower 12 does not come into contact with high-temperature air.

It goes without saying that the blower 12 is thus used both as an outdoor fan for the condenser during cooling operation and as a temperature adjustment fan during heating operation.

As is clear from the above explanation, in the present invention, cooling operation is performed by a compression refrigeration cycle, and heating operation is performed by a natural circulation heating cycle that utilizes the combustion heat of the combustor 13. It is possible to set them to appropriate values according to the load, and the disadvantage of lacking heating capacity like conventional heat pump air conditioners is this).
In addition, since the operation of the compressor 3 is stopped during heating operation, running costs can be kept low.

Additionally, since no water is required as a heat medium, there is no need to worry about replenishing it, and there is no need to worry about freezing accidents.

Furthermore, since the heating operation is a method of performing direct heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas refrigerant, it has the advantage that the temperature rise rate of the refrigerant is high and heating starts quickly.

In particular, since the outdoor heat exchanger 4 has a structure that is used for both cooling and heating, the device is simplified, and the blower 12 dilutes the combustion exhaust gas and maintains the temperature of the hot air at an appropriate level, so the refrigerant is prevented from abnormally overheating. This has the effect of providing an extremely safe device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a device circuit diagram relating to an example of the air conditioner/heater of the present invention. 1...Outdoor unit, 2...Indoor unit,
3...Compressor, 4...Outdoor heat exchanger,
5. Song/Reducer, 7... Indoor coil, 7a...
Curved refrigerant outlet, 7b... Refrigerant inlet, tail...
Indoor fan, 9, 1o... music connection pipe, 11...
Outdoor coil, lla... curved refrigerant outlet, llb refrigerant inlet,
12...Blower, 13...Combustor.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] 1. The blower 12 and the combustor 1 are connected to the outdoor coil 11 with the refrigerant outlet 11a located higher than the refrigerant inlet 11b.
3, an outdoor unit 1 including an outdoor heat exchanger 4, a compressor 3, and a pressure reducer 5; and an indoor unit 2 disposed at a higher location than the outdoor unit 1, communication pipes 9 and 10 for connecting the refrigerant circuits of both the units 1 and 2, and a compressor 3;
The outdoor coil 11, pressure reducer 5, and indoor coil 7 form a serial circulation refrigeration circuit, and the discharge line and suction line of the compressor 3 are disconnected to connect the refrigerant inlet 11b of the outdoor coil 11 to the indoor coil 7. A circuit switching device is provided in the outdoor unit 1 to which the refrigerant outlet lower a is directly connected and which can short-circuit between the inlet and outlet of the pressure reducer 5. , a cooling operation using a cooling cycle in which a refrigerant is circulated through the series circulation refrigeration circuit under the operation of the blower 12 by forming an air flow path that is open to the wind generated by the blower 12 and the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustor 13; and a heating operation using a natural circulation heating cycle in which refrigerant is naturally circulated between the outdoor coil 11 and the indoor coil 7 under the operation of the blower 12 and the combustor 13. . 2. The separate type air-conditioning/heating machine according to claim 1, wherein the blower 12 has a variable air volume structure that can appropriately adjust the air volume during cooling operation and heating operation. 3. The utility model registration claim 1 or 2, wherein the blower 12 is a forced fan capable of blowing air to the outdoor coil 11 after diluting the combustion exhaust gas with low-temperature air sent out during heating operation. Separate air conditioner/heater.