JPS6028703B2 - Sliding detection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a re-braking operation of a skid detection device.

When a train or car is braked, if the braking force applied to each wheel exceeds the friction between the wheels and the road surface, the train or car will skid. Eventually, the wheels stop rotating and only the vehicle body continues its inertial motion. In such a case, large scratches will occur not only on the wheels but also on the rails, etc., and the static sitting pseudo coefficient will change to the working friction coefficient, so the effective braking force will be extremely reduced and this will pose a safety problem. Therefore, when the wheels of JNR Shinkansen trains, aircraft, etc. skid, a skid detection device is installed that loosens the brake on the shaft and makes the braking force smaller than the frictional force to make the wheels re-adhere to the rail or road surface. installed. First, the principle of this skid detection device will be briefly explained. 1st
The figure shows the principle of a conventional skid detection device, where A is a block connection diagram and Figure 1 is a time chart. In Figure 1, TG is a speed detection generator, Rf is a rectifier layer, DI is a diode, K is a coefficient circuit for skidding detection, K is a coefficient circuit for readhesion detection, CP is a comparator, R is a relay, and VL is a In Figure 1, VO is the vehicle speed (voltage), VS is the wheel speed (voltage), KVo is the reference speed (voltage) for skidding detection, and K
Vo is the reference speed (voltage) for readhesion detection, S is the skid detection device, FB is the brake, and 7.D is the brake system response delay time. First, when the brakes are applied, the vehicle speed Vo becomes V in Figure 1. It gradually descends as shown in . At this time, sliding occurs. The speed VS of the wheel begins to drop rapidly, as shown by VS in the section tl to t3 at the beginning of Figure 1 (hereinafter referred to as "VS, 1 as shown in tl to t3").Then, the vehicle speed voltage When the wheel speed voltage yS decreases to the skid detection reference voltage KVo obtained from Vo through the skid detection coefficient circuit K, that is, at point A at the beginning of Figure 1, a comparator A skid detection signal is output from the CP, and the brake FB is released 7 seconds later.Meanwhile, at this time, the skid detection coefficient circuit K is switched to the readhesion detection coefficient circuit K.

This re-adhesion detection coefficient is set to a value almost close to 1. When the brake is released, the wheel speed increases again, and at the point where it reaches the reference voltage KVo for re-adhesion detection, that is, at point C in Figure 1, the wheel re-adhes to the rail or road surface and is no longer in a skidding state. Restore. At the same time, the skid detection signal is canceled as shown in Figure 1, Exit S.t4, and the brake FB is applied 7 seconds later. If the detection signal is canceled at the point where the actual wheel re-adhesive,
The delay in the response of the brake system results in wasted idle running time. Therefore, the conventional skid detection device has a drawback that the idle running time lengthens the braking time and braking distance, which are the most important factors in braking performance. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a skid detection device that minimizes this idle running time and improves braking performance.

The structure and operation of the present invention will be explained below.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which ``A'' is a block connection diagram and ``A'' is a time chart thereof. In the figure, the same parts and corresponding parts as in FIG. 1 are indicated by the same reference numerals. CPI
~CP3 is a comparator, AND is an AND circuit, and OR is an OR circuit, and the portion surrounded by a dashed line in the figure A is the basic component of the present invention. Furthermore, the reason why CP3 and its connecting line are shown with a broken line is to show that the present invention can be applied even if K and CPI are replaced with the broken line, although the details will be described later. It is. Among the basic components of the present invention, 1 is a differential circuit, and the input terminal is a rectifier R.
F, the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the coefficient circuit 2. As for the specific internal configuration, for example, as shown in Figure 3A, a capacitor C and a resistor R3 are connected in series to the input terminal, and v=Rc, etc. is extracted from both ends of the resistor R3 as a differential voltage of the input voltage Vs.・Required: Any device that can increase the voltage with the amplifier AP in the subsequent stage and take out the differential voltage of the input voltage is sufficient. 2 is a coefficient circuit, and the input terminal is the differential voltage. The output terminal of the circuit 1 is connected to one input terminal of the comparator 4.

As for the specific internal configuration, for example, as shown in Figure 3, the input terminal is connected to one side of the fixed terminal of the variable potentio VR via a diode, and the other fixed terminal is grounded. Then, from the intermediate terminal of the variable potentio VR, the potentio voltage is 7 times the input voltage (
Any device that extracts a voltage of 1>D>○) may be used. 3 is a matching circuit, the input terminal on the positive side is connected to the common connection line of the vehicle speed voltage Vo, the negative input terminal is connected to the input terminal of the differential circuit 1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal on the negative side of the comparator 4. do.

As for the specific internal configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 2A3, two inputs may be matched and the difference between the two DC inputs can be extracted as an output voltage. 4
is a comparator, and its output terminal is connected to a brake control relay or the like via an AND circuit, an OR circuit, etc., as necessary, as shown in FIG. 2A, for example.

The specific internal configuration may be one that compares the magnitude of two inputs and turns on/off the output, as shown in FIGS. 3C and 3, for example. The IC in Figure 3 (c) is a linear arithmetic multiplier, ideally outputting an output that is one times the voltage at one terminal with respect to ten terminals, and the maximum value is clamped at a saturation value close to the power supply voltage. It is something that RI to R4 are resistors, D is a diode, VI is a reference input voltage for comparison, V2 is an input voltage to be compared, QI is a transistor, and an excitation voltage as shown is applied to the base of the transistor. Therefore, the transistor QI is repeatedly turned on and off by its excitation voltage, and a voltage of SVI, as shown in FIG. 3, is intermittently applied to the terminals of the IC.
V2 is applied to one terminal. When V2ZR and reed line 2V, an output is generated, and when V2<R; noxious V, an AC output is generated. Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

First, when the brakes are applied, the vehicle speed V. and wheel speed VS gradually decreases. At this time, when sliding begins, the wheel speed VS is
begins to decline rapidly. Then, the reference speed KVO for skidding detection
At the point where it reaches (point A in Figure 2), the comparator CPI outputs a skid detection signal (CP1, t2 in Figure 2) through the OR circuit CR and the brake control relay R.
Sends a release signal to the brake FB. Here, as mentioned above, since there is a delay in the operation of the brake, the brake FB is released 7 seconds after the skidding detection signal is output from the comparator CPI. (Figure 2 Exit FB, t3) When the brake is released, the wheel speed VS begins to increase as shown in Figure 2 Exit VS, t3 to t7. The comparator CP2 generates an output at the point E of the second figure VS where the acceleration Q of the wheel speed VS obtained from the differential circuit 1 is larger than the reference value Qo set in the comparator CP2. CP2, t4)
, is applied to one input terminal of the AND circuit AND. On the other hand, a voltage is already applied to the other input terminal of the AND circuit AND from the comparator 4, which is a basic component of the present invention, as will be described later. (Figure 2, port 4, t4) Therefore, from time t4, the AND circuit AND generates an output, which is applied to the relay R through the OR circuit OR. Furthermore, the wheel speed VS increases, and the reference speed for skid detection KVo
The output of the comparator CPI turns off at point B at the beginning of FIG. (Figure 2 mouth CP1, t5). However, as mentioned above, at this point, from the AND circuit AND,
Since a signal replacing this skid detection signal is output and applied to relay R, relay R continues to generate the brake release signal. Now, to explain the operation of the basic components of the present invention, the wheel speed voltage VS is differentiated by the differentiating circuit 1, and the wheel acceleration voltage Q is output from the differentiating circuit 1. Furthermore, this acceleration voltage Q is scaled by a coefficient corresponding to the brake operation delay time by the coefficient circuit 2, and the multiplied voltage 7Q is applied to the negative input terminal of the comparator 4. On the other hand, the difference voltage between the reference speed voltage Vo and the wheel speed voltage VS from the matching circuit 3 △V=Vo-
VS is applied to the positive input terminal of comparator 4. Therefore, the comparator 4 turns the output on and off depending on the magnitude relationship between ↑ and △V. That is, when ΔV>7Q, the output is on, and when ΔVS7Q, the output is off. In this case, if the acceleration voltage Q is negative, it is cut by the diode D2 in the coefficient circuit 2, and TQ=0. Therefore, as shown in Figure 2, 4, t1, the output of the comparator 4 is △V = 0 before tl (due to the fuwazai of the comparator 4, △V is 0).
can be considered as △V=0. ), tQ=0, so it is off, and after tl when it is seriously gliding, △V>iQ and it turns on. In this way, the comparator 4 continues to output an output until it reaches point D at the beginning of Figure 2, which is ΔVS7Q. When the wheel speed VS reaches this point D, the comparator 4
The output of is turned off (Figure 2, exit 4, t6). This operation is the central operation of the present invention. When the output of the comparator 4 is turned off, the brake FB release signal is cut off through the AND circuit AND, the OR circuit OR, and the relay R, and the brake is applied again after ↑ seconds. t
7). The wheel speed VS at time t7 when the brake is applied in this step) is determined by the point D where the signal is cut off as △V=7Q, that is,
After 7 seconds with the acceleration Q at that time, the speed increased by ΔV, so ΔV=0, that is, VS=Vo, which exactly coincides with the re-adhesion point C of the wheels. Therefore, in this way, the re-adhesion point and the brake?)
By making the time points coincide with the time points when the vehicle re-sticks, it is possible to eliminate the idle running time from the time the vehicle re-sticks to when the brakes are applied. Up until now, we have explained the method of detecting skidding using the speed difference (comparator CPI and coefficient circuit K in Figure 2
The comparator indicated by the broken line is replaced with the circuit P3, and the sliding deceleration B of the wheel is the reference deceleration 8. There is a method that detects skidding when it becomes larger, and the present invention can be used in this method as well. As described above, the present invention eliminates idle running time during braking,
This has the excellent effect of shortening the braking time and braking distance, which are the most important factors in terms of braking characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a conventional skid detection device, with A being a block connection diagram and Figure 1 being a time chart. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which ``A'' is a block connection diagram and ``A'' is a time chart thereof. Figure 3 shows an example of the circuit in the main blocks of the basic component of the present invention, where A is a differential circuit, C is a coefficient circuit, C is a comparator circuit,
2 is a time chart showing the action of C. 1...
... Differential circuit, 2 ... Coefficient circuit, 3 ...
- Matching circuit, 4... Comparator, Q... Readhesion acceleration voltage, D... Brake system response delay time coefficient, V○... Vehicle speed voltage , VS...
...Wheel speed voltage, △V... Speed difference voltage. Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Detects wheel slippage based on the speed difference between the wheels and the vehicle body or the deceleration of the wheels, releases the brake based on the detection signal, increases the wheel speed, and holds the detection signal until the wheels re-stick. In the skid detection device, the wheel speed V_S is inputted and the differential signal α thereof is outputted; the differential signal α from the differential circuit 1 is inputted, and the differential signal α is outputted. Coefficient circuit 2 that outputs a multiplication output γα obtained by multiplying the response delay time γ when tightening the brake system as a coefficient; inputs the wheel speed V_S and the vehicle body speed V_O, compares these signals, and outputs the multiplication output γα. A matching circuit 3 that outputs a difference signal ΔV between the speed V_S and the vehicle speed V_O; inputs the multiplication output γα from the coefficient circuit 2 and the difference signal ΔV from the matching circuit 3;
A comparator 4 that compares them and outputs a signal to cut off the skid detection device when the multiplied output γα≧difference signal ΔV.
A skid detection device which is capable of applying the brake immediately from the time when the wheel re-sticks according to the output of the comparator 4.