JPS6027536B2 - medical patch - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to prevent the occurrence of keloids, twitches (pica scar contracture), wrinkles (scaly walls), and other skin disorders that occur in pica scars, etc.
The present invention relates to a medical patch used for fixing and holding skin and soft tissue (compression, stretching or detensioning, resting) used in medical treatment, covering poor surgical sutures, etc.

Scars are formed after burns, trauma, surgery, etc., and these scars eventually lead to skin disorders such as keloids, twitches, and wrinkles, causing functional impairment and deformity.

In the past, the occurrence of these keloids, twitches, wrinkles, etc. was thought to be the fate of the scars themselves, but recently it has been thought that the occurrence of these scars is due to the action of external forces that are applied to the scars, that is, mechanical forces that twist or tighten the local skin. Stimulation has come to be considered the most important cause of pigeon breeding.

The formation of keloids, twitches, and wrinkles in the scars becomes more severe as the above-mentioned mechanical stimulation is stronger and the scars are spread over a wider area. This phenomenon cannot be avoided even at skin graft sites. To prevent and treat the formation of keloids, twitches, wrinkles, etc. caused by rock scars, it is necessary to restrict local skin movement and maintain rest. [B}
During the above-mentioned period of rest, it is desirable to keep the local skin, including scars, sufficiently tense and stretched so that it does not become swollen. [C) The above-mentioned tension extension, rest maintenance, etc. may need to be continued for a long period of time, such as several months after surgery, depending on the symptoms. As mentioned above, when tensioning, stretching, and maintaining rest,
Conventionally, casts, splints, corsets, etc. have been used.Among these, corsets can be worn on the neck, limbs, trunk, etc. without any particular problem if the scars are present, but they cannot be used on the face etc. Can not.

Furthermore, since splints and the like must be compressed and fixed using bandages, bandages, etc., it is extremely troublesome and exaggerated to use them on areas to which they are applied, such as lower limbs, children's fingers, penises, etc. Furthermore, even if a cast or splint does not have bony support, such as the skin of the face, lips, penis, etc., in an attempt to hold it in an extended position, the skin will easily fall under the splint or cast. In addition to the fact that the child moves, it is impossible to hold the child in the way described above, and in the case of children, wearing a hard splint has the disadvantage that there is a risk of damaging the eyeballs. In this way, casts, corsets, splints, etc. cannot be used on the face and other extremely important parts of the human body, making it impossible to prevent the occurrence of keloids, twitches, wrinkles, etc. after skin grafting and other procedures. the result,
Various functional disorders, such as ectropion of the eye and lip mucosa, lachrymation, floating fluid, corneal imbalance, visual impairment, speech impairment, difficulty in dental treatment due to abnormal tooth alignment or poor opening, and difficulty in wearing dentures. There are disadvantages such as deformity and other disorders. In addition, for dressing of skin suture wounds after conventional surgery, degreased sterilized gauze, cotton, etc. is applied over the suture wounds, and then a bandage or bandage is used to compress and fix the suture wounds. When the wound is in a moving area, it is necessary to keep the wound at rest, and for this reason, splints, corsets, casts, etc. are also used as appropriate.

In this case, dressing materials such as degreased sterilized gauze or cotton are effective in absorbing blood and other exudates, preventing accumulation within the wound, and preventing bacterial infection and healing problems, but the above-mentioned Dressing materials such as gauze and cotton that have absorbed blood and machismo fluid can easily dry out and stick to wounds and sutures. Therefore, if there is a suture wound in a moving area, unless strict rest is maintained after the surgery, the wound will be stretched with each movement, causing pain and bleeding, as well as being covered with gauze, cotton, etc. It becomes difficult to renew the covering material, and if you try to forcefully replace the covering material due to the sticking of the covering material, it will cause severe pain, as well as cause the fusion site to separate and open, or cause bleeding. Especially in the case of young children, they refuse to cooperate with treatment due to the aforementioned fear of pain and bleeding, making treatment even more difficult. In order to prevent such wounds from sticking, non-stick dressings such as ointment and plastic films are used, but these not only have poor absorption of blood and other axillary fluid;
The non-adhesive dressing has disadvantages such as being easy to move from the wound and shifting with the movement of the body, exposing the wound and causing damage and contamination. In addition to covering the wound, it is necessary to keep the wound resting and fixed, so if the bandage is not well-covered and loosens, and the wound cannot be stably fixed and fixed, external forces will be applied every time the body moves, and the sutures will be damaged. Not only does this result in poor union due to peeling or displacement of the fused area, but also strong tension is applied to the sutures, which may leave suture marks at the fused area. must be strictly followed, especially in the case of young children. The present invention is based on a base material in which a support layer that has moderate flexibility and strong elasticity and suppresses longitudinal and lateral deformation of the buffer layer, and a flexible buffer layer that has moderately weak elasticity are laminated and integrated. , which is equipped with an adhesive layer, can be easily attached to the skin surface of the area where the scar occurs on the human body, regardless of the location of the scar, and stably maintains the skin surface in a stretched position to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. can be easily obtained.

In the following, an example will be described. A support layer 1 having appropriate flexibility and strong elasticity and a buffer layer 2 having a soft and moderately weak elasticity are bonded together via a suitable adhesive 6. An adhesive layer 4 is provided on the lower surface of the buffer layer of the base material to form an adhesive material 7. A releasable coating 5 is attached to the adhesive.

The above-mentioned support layer 1 is made of pica scar skin to which a patch is attached, which is formed by suppressing the deformation in the vertical and horizontal directions of a flexible and moderately weak elastic buffer layer that is laminated and integrated with the support layer 1. Semi-rigid materials that prevent expansion and contraction, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-pynylacetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, and other closed-cell foams that have a compression hardness roughly between those of European plastic foams and hard plastic foams. In addition to plastic foam, there are plastic sheets that are relatively lightweight, have appropriate flexibility, and moderately strong elasticity.

The thickness of the support layer can be formed as appropriate depending on the material, but for example, in the case of the above-mentioned polyethylene foam, the thickness may be about 0.5 to 1 bar, and usually about 1 to 3, depending on the expansion ratio. There are many cases. If the support layer is non-air permeable, it can be made air permeable and liquid permeable by providing micropores or pores penetrating the layer to the extent that its inherent properties are not impaired. The buffer layer acts as a buffer between the support layer and the skin (local area) to soften the contact with the local area, absorbs external force, makes it difficult for the adhesive to peel off from the surface to which it is applied, and provides breathability. It disperses sweat generated from the skin and prevents a decrease in adhesive strength due to moisture and the occurrence of contact dermatitis. In addition to copolymer foam and other soft foams mainly consisting of soft open cells, it can be formed from felt formed into a basket height, non-binder nonwoven fabric, and the like.

The thickness of this buffer layer can be formed as appropriate depending on the material. For example, for soft foam such as soft polyurethane foam, the thickness is approximately 1.
It is usually about 4 yards long, and usually only about 2 to 1 pillows. The adhesive layer holds the skin at the treatment area in a stretched state and adheres well to the tip and skin to which the patch is attached, and has sufficient adhesive strength to maintain the required tension for a long time against external forces, and also to maintain the skin. It is preferable to use an adhesive that does not cause irritation or irritation to the skin, and acrylic-based, rubber-based, silicone-based, vinyl ether-based and other adhesives can be used.

If necessary, these adhesives contain steroids and other known drugs in liquid or solid form in the required amount to form a drug-containing adhesive layer on the desired surface of the base material to further enhance preventive or therapeutic effects. can be raised. In addition to forming the adhesive layer on the lower surface of the buffer layer, a backing layer similar to the support layer with a suitable adhesive is provided on the lower surface of the backing layer. An adhesive layer can also be formed.

By providing the hair layer in this way, deformation can be suppressed on the lower surface of the buffer layer as well as on the upper surface, and even better therapeutic effects can be obtained depending on the affected area. The above-mentioned adhesive layer may be provided on the entire lower surface of the base material, but if there is a wound or thick spot on the application area and it would be inconvenient to directly adhere the adhesive layer to the wound or thin area, etc. A thin layer of absorbent cotton, gauze or other fibers, continuous monofilament vertical mesh cloth of polyester or other synthetic resin, woven cloth, etc. are layered on top of the adhesive layer in contact with the area to prevent stickiness and allow it to adhere to the application area. Alternatively, the adhesive layer may be provided on the periphery of the wound or the sores so that it can be fixed to the application area, instead of being provided on the area corresponding to the wound or scar. The upper surface 11 of the support layer of the base material can be given a non-slip finish by imparting weak adhesiveness or matte processing as needed, so that the pressure-fixing bandage does not slip off.

Next, an example of use of a patch formed in a direction will be described.

Example 1: When fixing the patch on the back of the hand, cut the patch to the required size using iron or the like according to the application site on the back of the hand, then clasp the hand and fully stretch the skin on the back of the hand 21. In this state, the cut adhesive material 7 is pasted with its coating 5 peeled off.

After application, even if you stretch out your fingers, the skin at the application site will remain in a tensioned and stretched state (Fig. 3A, B).
. Furthermore, by applying pressure and fixation with a suitable supporter, splint, elastic bandage, etc., the above-mentioned condition can be maintained even more stably.
Example 2 When attaching and fixing to the neck, the neck is pushed forward, the skin of the neck 22 is sufficiently stretched, and the patch 7 cut to fit the attachment site is attached.

Furthermore, it is compressed and fixed from above using a corset 23, for example. In this case, stretching and resting with the corset alone without applying any adhesive material is often insufficient, resulting in twitching,
Although wrinkles are likely to occur, there is no need to worry about this at all if a patch is used in conjunction with the direction (Fig. 4A, B). Example 3 When attaching and fixing the adhesive material 7 in a cylindrical shape to the finger part, cut the adhesive material 7 to a width that can be wrapped around the finger, and paste it so as to wrap it around the corresponding finger 24 (Figure 5A , B).

Place a bandage over it and tighten it lightly to prevent the seams from opening. In this way, even in children, especially infants, whose fingers are subject to vigorous bending and stretching movements, the skin at the attachment part is well fixed and can be held at rest without stretching or contracting. Secondary splints and bandages tend to loosen and are extremely difficult to maintain in place. Example 4 An example of placing a patch on the support layer of the adhesive material on the lower lip and fitting it into the recessed area and fixing the adhesive.Example: When the lip moves, both ends (corners of the mouth) often become numb and recessed. Therefore, even if a flat patch is applied, it tends to peel off from the corners of the mouth, resulting in incomplete fixation of the skin.

If the lower lip 25 is provided with a cut or a cone-shaped cutout 8 in the support layer 1 of the flat patch material along the constriction that occurs at the corner of the mouth, the patch material 7 will have a buffer layer corresponding to the cut or cutout. 2 acts as a hinge and moves in accordance with the movement of the lower lip, so it does not peel off from the recessed corner of the mouth as described above.
The required skin fixation can be well maintained. If you apply the adhesive material in this way, you can place a conventional aluminum plate, etc. on the affected area, and
This eliminates problems such as mouth obstruction, difficulty in eating, and other inconveniences that occur when an elastic bandage is wrapped and fixed over the head, lower jaw, and neck. Example 5 Example of fixing a patch on the penis The penis is normally flexible and atrophied, but since it has a urethra, it is difficult to keep it in an extended position, and strong pressure cannot be applied to it, and over time The size changes drastically, and it is necessary to take them out and put them in.

This penis 26 is cut into a size that can be pulled out, and an appropriate number of incisions 9 are made in the support layer 1 of the adhesive patch 7 (the incisions are shown in the figure). 4 pieces at intervals) are bent along the outside of the stretched penis 26 through the incision 9 to form a square or pentagonal tube shape (pentagonal tube shape in the figure) and surround it, and then Wrap elastic bandage 27 etc. and fix it (Fig. 7 A, B)
,C). In this way, the patch is formed into a rectangular tube shape, and the surface of the penis is adapted to fit into the inner cavity of the penis and adhered to it. Due to its cushioning properties, it does not damage tissues, does not cause urinary excretion problems, and can adapt well to changes in thickness. Example 6 Example of use in reconstructive surgery for missing or deformed noses In reconstructive surgery for missing or deformed noses, it is necessary to fix the tip of the nose, nostrils, etc. in a symmetrical or slightly overcorrected position. occurs.

In this case, a large piece 71 of the patch 7 that is large enough to fit a sterilized patch of the required size according to the external shape of the nose, and a small piece 71 of the patch 7 that is large enough to be bent and pasted inside the nostril. 72, and the large piece is provided with a score line 10 of an appropriate depth that does not penetrate through the support layer 10 symmetrically with respect to the virtual center line 11 of the support layer 1, and is bent through the score line. Cover the nose tip 27 and paste it. Next, fold the small piece with the paper adhesive layer on the outside, and then fold the paper adhesive layer and the nostril 28.
The tip and wings of the nose are sandwiched between the large piece and the small piece, and mattress sutures 30 are applied to several places in this state, and both left and right ends of the large piece are passed through the nose and horizontally inserted. Mattress suture 31 in the direction (left and right)
and tie it lightly. In this way, the adhesive layer of each large and small patch adheres to the skin surface, and the nasal tip and wings can be reliably fixed in a symmetrical shape or in an elevated state (see Figure 8). A, B). In this case, the pressure applied to the suture thread is dispersed by the support layer 1 of the patch and buffered by the buffer layer 2, and no damage such as compression necrosis of the tissue occurs. Example 7 Example of use for surgical suture wounds in the anterior neck The anterior neck, along with the pig's cave, moves the most in the body and has the greatest range of movement.

Because the epithelial layer is lax, this is the area where scar contracture occurs most severely. In order to prevent this restriction, it is necessary to fix the front neck skin in a sufficiently stretched state. For such a sutured wound 31 (Fig. 10A) after the surgery in the front neck 30', apply a thin layer of ointment on the sutured wound, or apply a thin ointment gauze 32 (Fig. 9B). ), the general wound is extended in the vertical direction, and the patch 7 with the pongee holes 1a provided in the support layer 1 is applied to the skin via the adhesive on the green part of the patch (Fig. 9C). , D), and wrap an elastic bandage 33 relatively thickly over it (FIG. 9E). In this way, the green part of the patch adheres closely to the local skin of the wound 31, the skin of the wound is not kept stretched, and the wound can be maintained in a strict Yasuura-like state. Therefore, in order to prevent the formation of pica scars from surgical wounds in the anterior neck, conventionally it was necessary to wear a rigid corset for fixation of the forehead vertebrae for about 6 months, causing a great deal of pain (headaches, stiff shoulders, etc.). (Toothache, blindness, local pain, tissue necrosis due to brace pressure, etc.) will not occur, nor will there be any inconvenience caused by insufficient extension maintenance. Example 8 Example of applying ointment or ointment gauze to surgical suture wounds in the elbow and wrist joints Similar to Example 7, ointment or ointment gauze is applied over the surgical suture wounds 31 (Fig. 10A) in the elbow 34 and wrist joint 35 (Fig. 10A). 10B), a patch 7 of a size that integrally covers the combined wound of the elbow and wrist joint is attached to the skin via the adhesive layer on its peripheral edge (Fig. 10C). Elastic bandage or supporter 36 from above
(Figure 10D).

If the adhesive strength of the adhesive material weakens and peels off after it has been applied, it may be renewed in the same manner as described above. In this way, the general wound is easily immobilized, and the whole hand can move to a certain extent in that state, and it can be used for a long period of time (approximately 3 months) will not cause any problems. Example 9 An example of application to a surgical suture wound in the lower abdomen. Place ointment gauze (Fig. 11 B) on the suture wound 31 (Fig. 11 A) on the lower abdomen 37 of the aircraft, and apply it to the outer periphery of the wound. A patch 7 with a size of at least several centimeters is attached to the skin via the adhesive layer around the green part (Fig. 11C).
), and press and fix it with the abdominal band 38 from above (Fig. 11D)
.

The lower abdomen is a part of the body that undergoes a lot of bending, stretching, and twisting movements in daily life, such as when standing up and sitting, and the closer you get to the lower part of the lower abdomen, the more difficult it becomes to fix it with a corset, etc., and the suture wound becomes keloid bag. Although dilatation is likely to occur, by doing the above-mentioned procedure, the wound can be fixed easily, reliably, and stably, and not only will keloids and contracture dilatation not occur, but the fixation device is flexible. Therefore, patients can easily walk at an early stage. Since the adhesive material of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, the support layer etc. can be suitably processed to suit the shape of the body part, so that reliable adhesion can be achieved regardless of the part of the body. It can be stably held without falling off or shifting from the application site, and the need for a dressing, pressure-holding dressing, etc. can be significantly simplified, making it easy to prevent skin twitching, wrinkles, and other skin disorders. It can be treated, has no dangers like splints when applied to eyelid margins and other dangerous areas, and has a simple structure and is extremely easy to make.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the zero line in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 11 are schematic explanatory views showing examples of use. 1 is a support layer, 2 is a buffer layer, 3 is a base material, 4 is an adhesive layer, 5 is a peelable coating, and 7 is a medical patch. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 A Special Figure B Figure 4 A Figure 4 B Figure 5 A Figure 5 8 Figure 6 Figure C A Construction Figure B Figure 7 C Tsutomu 8 Figure A 8 diagram B Younger brother q diagram A Etc. q diagram B Rare q diagram C Zero ○ diagram D Group q diagram E Equipment ○ diagram A Matsuri l○ box B Matsuri '0 diagram C No. l○ diagram D Tsutomu'l diagram A Festival l ! Figure B Tomb - Figure C Vessel l Figure D

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A flexible and elastic buffer layer, and a support on the upper surface of the buffer layer that has appropriate flexibility and strong elasticity and suppresses longitudinal and lateral deformation of the buffer layer. A medical patch comprising a base material having a body layer fixedly and integrally thereon, and an adhesive layer provided on the lower surface of a buffer layer of the base material. 2. Claims in which the buffer layer is made of a soft plastic foam with a thickness of 1 to 40 mm, and the support layer is made of a plastic foam with a thickness of 0.5 to 10 mm and a compression hardness between that of the soft plastic foam and the hard plastic foam. The medical patch according to item 1. 3. The medical patch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the buffer layer is made of soft urethane foam and the support layer is made of polyethylene foam. 4. The medical patch according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive layer contains a drug.