JPS60252095A - Method of moving ship into and out of dock - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce required labor and enhance safety, by providing at least two docking trucks with guide heads which are movable back and forth and act to repulse a ship by fluid pressure or magnetism, and by supporting the docking trucks movably along the side walls of a dock, so as to move the ship into and out of the dock. CONSTITUTION:After a ship 3 is positioned by tugboats 40, 41 so that the center line of the hull of the ship almost coincides with that of a dock 1, a wire rope 43 is attached to the bow of the ship. At that time, four docking trucks 5 are moved to the inlet portion of the dock 1 so that heads 4 are placed in symmetric positions. A winch 42 is driven to pull the ship 3 into the dock 1. At that time, air is ejected from the heads 4 to keep the position of the ship 3 in the direction of its width to guide the ship by the heads in moving the ship. The trucks 5 are moved as the ship 3 is moved. After the ship 3 is completely moved into the dock 1, the ship is stopped by the tugboats 40 and the winch 42, and the inlet gate of the dock is closed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for docking and undocking a ship, that is, a method for docking a ship in and leaving a dock.

Conventional technology Ships are docked and undocking by using wire lobes to tow the ship while maintaining its position in the width direction. When docking, a large number of towing lobes are attached to the vessel (
- Since it is necessary to remove one column from the ship, and this is done manually by many workers, there is a temporary peak in the work and there are also safety problems.

For this reason, the present applicant would like to propose a docking/undocking device for towing a ship using a suction cup.
(See No. 7). If such a device is used, there is no need for a worker to attach and remove the towing lobes, and it is possible to save costs and improve safety in input/output operations.

However, due to the large force acting between the suction cup and the ship's exterior skin surface in the front and back, left and right, and up and down directions, there is a problem in that the exterior paint surface is unavoidably stained, especially when new painting work is completed. If the suction part becomes soiled during docking work after the ship has been docked, it will be necessary to repaint it at sea after the ship has left the dock, and the quality, accuracy, appearance, etc. of the painting will deteriorate. There is a risk of

Purpose of the Invention The present invention not only solves the above problems and saves labor and improves safety in docking and unloading operations, but also maintains and improves the quality, accuracy, appearance, etc. of coating on ship exterior panels. The objective is to provide a method for docking and docking ships that is possible.

Bridge Construction of the Invention The method for docking and docking a ship according to the present invention includes at least two docking and docking carts each equipped with a guide head that can move forward and backward to repel the ship using fluid pressure or magnetism on each side wall of the dock. The guide heads of the loading and unloading carts on both sides are brought close enough not to touch the sides of the ship, and the position in the width direction of the ship is maintained by the repulsive force. It is characterized by the ability to move the vessel in the length direction and in the vertical direction.

Embodiment As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a dock loading/unloading truck is provided with a guide head (4) on each side wall (2) on both sides of the dock (1) that can move forward and backward to repulse the ship (3) using air pressure. Two carts (5) are provided, and the details of the carts (5) on the east exit side of one side wall (2) are shown in FIGS. 3 to 8.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the upper horizontal step (6) at the top of the dock side wall (2) and the upper rail (6) extending horizontally along the side wall (2) at the lower part of the side wall (2). 7) and a lower rail 8) are provided, respectively, and an input/output ditch truck (5) is attached to these rails (7) and (8) so as to be freely movable. The entry/exit dock truck (5) is mounted on the dock side wall (2
), and upper and lower girders (10) (11
), and the upper part of each leg (9) is an outwardly projecting part (12).
and is received by the upper rail (7) via vertical rollers (13) and horizontal rollers (14) on its lower surface, and the lower part of each leg (9) is received by the lower 1 knoll (8) via horizontal rollers (15). It is being Although not shown in the figure, the loading/unloading truck (5) can also be used as a self-propelled drive device such as a motor or engine mounted on it, or other towing truck () or a dock (5).
1) is moved along the upper and lower rails (7) and (8) by means of a winch or the like placed around it.

Both the upper and lower ends of the swing post (16), which is perpendicular to the upper and lower girder (10) (11) of the input/output truck 5), are rotatably supported and fixed to the upper part of the post (16). A post turning hydraulic cylinder (18>) is provided between the horizontal lever (17) and the lower surface of the middle of the upper girder (10>.The post (16) slightly below this cylinder (18>) 〉A vertical bracket fixed to the outer circumferential surface (
The base end of the arm (20) is rotatably attached (pull) to the arm (20) via the horizontal bottle (21).
A hydraulic cylinder (22) for arm elevation is provided between the intermediate lower surface of the post (16) and the lower outer peripheral surface of the post (16).

A guide head (4) is attached to the tip of the arm (20) so that it can be tilted arbitrarily according to the shape of the hull.
The details are shown in FIGS. 6 to 8. That is,
At the tip of the arm (20) formed into an upper and lower bifurcated shape, there is a first bottle (20) that passes through the arm (20) vertically and protrudes slightly downward.
3) is rotatably attached, and this bifurcated protrusion (
24) One end portion of the head support member (25) that has entered the gap is fixed to the intermediate portion of the bottle (23). The other end of the head support member (25) is rotatably attached to the rear center of the head (4) via a second bin (26) that is perpendicular to the first bin (23). In addition, a short cylindrical body 27) is fixed to the outer periphery of the lower part of the first bin (23), and an air cylinder 28) for rotating the head (4) around the first bin (23) is attached to this. Cylindrical body (27)
An air cylinder (29) is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the arm (20) and the lower surface of the arm (20), and rotates the head (4) about the second bin (26). and the lower end of the head (4). head(
A closed short cylindrical air chamber (30) is provided in front of the air chamber (30), and an annular diaphragm (31) is provided in the front of the air chamber (30).
) is provided. Further, a plurality of communication holes (32) are provided on the front surface of the air chamber (30) to communicate the air chamber (30) and the diaphragm (31). Diaphragm (
The inner front surface of the air conditioner 31) is inclined so as to face diagonally inward and forward, and a plurality of air ejection holes (34) are provided in a portion near the center of this inclined surface (33). air v (30)
An annular rubber pad (35) that surrounds and protects the diaphragm (31) is attached to the front outer periphery of the diaphragm (31).
) protrudes slightly forward from the front end of the One end of an air hose (36) is connected to the air chamber 30), and this hose (36) is connected to the input/output truck (5) along the arm (20).
) and connected to an air bow (38) wound around a bow reel (37) on the trolley (5). and,
Although not shown, the hose (
38) is connected to the fixed air pipe at the top of the dock side wall (2) via a rotary joint, and the hose (3B)
The compressed air supplied to air v (30) through (3B) enters the diaphragm (31) through the communication hole (32>) and is ejected forward from the jet hole (34). Air hose (39) of cylinder (28) (29)
is likewise connected to a fixed air pipe at the top of the dock side wall (2).

The input and output culvert truck (5) on the culvert side is also attached to the same upper and lower rails (7) (8') as above. The bogie (5) on the dock head side is configured symmetrically with the bogie (5) on the east exit side with respect to a vertical plane orthogonal to the dock side wall (2).

In addition, the bogie (5) on the side wall (2) of the dock on one side is attached to the side wall (2).
) is parallel to the dock (1) and the side wall (2) opposite to the central vertical plane is symmetrically constructed with a corresponding bogie (5).

When loading/unloading work is not being carried out, the arm (20) and the guide head (4) are attached to the upper and lower girders (1
0) and retracted to the storage position between (11). When carrying out work in and out of the drain, use the hydraulic cylinder for post rotation (1
8> to rotate the post (16) and the arm (20), the head (4) can be moved from the storage position to the inside of the dock (1) as shown by the solid line J3 in Figure 4 and Figure 5. The amount of advance is adjusted by the cylinder 18〉. Further, the vertical position of the head (4) is adjusted by operating the arm elevating hydraulic cylinder (22) and elevating the arm (20). Note that the horizontal position of the head (4) is adjusted by moving the cart (5). In addition, two air cylinders (28> (
By operating the head (29), the inclination of the head (4) is adjusted so as to follow the hull shape of the ship (3), and air is jetted out from the jet hole (34) of the head (4).
4) can be pushed by repelling the ship (3) without contacting the ship (3). Then, the carts on both sides (5
) by bringing the head (4) of the vessel (3) close enough to avoid contact with both sides of the vessel (3) and blowing out air.
) The widthwise position of the vessel (3) can be maintained by the pressure of the air flowing out through the narrow gap between the front end of the die 17 flam (31) of the vessel (3) and the outer plate surface of the vessel (3). At this time, the head (4) is not in contact with the vessel (3), so with the cart (5) stopped, the head (4) is used as a guide to move the vessel (3) in the longitudinal and vertical directions. can be moved to In addition, while maintaining the position of the vessel (3) in the width direction as described above,
) can of course be moved at the same time.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, an explanation will be given of the operating procedure at the time of docking, that is, one example of the method of the present invention.

First, as shown in Figure 1 (A>), TagBoi~(40)
Use (41) to move the ship 3) to the culvert [1] forward,
After positioning the ship (3) so that the center line of the dock 1) and the center line of the ship (3) are almost in a straight line, the wire robe (43) let out from the winch (42) placed at the head of the dock. Attach to the bow of the ship (3). At this time, move the four entry/exit beam carts (5) to the east exit and align them so that the distance between the corresponding guide heads (4) on both sides is slightly larger than the hull width of the vessel (3). head(
4) is kept waiting at a symmetrical position sandwiching the center line of the dock (1). Next, operate the winch (42) and
As shown in B), move the vessel (3) in the length direction and gradually pull it into the dock (1). At this time, four trolleys (5)
With the head (4) stopped, air is blown out from these heads (4), and the position and inclination of the head (4) are adjusted according to the hull shape of the ship (3), so that the width direction of the ship (3) is adjusted. These heads (4) are used as guides to move the vessel (3) in the longitudinal direction while maintaining its position.

When the parallel hull part on the bow side of the vessel (3) reaches the position of the head (4) of the two bogies (5) on the pier side as shown in Fig. 1 (C) ), these two trolleys (
Only 5) is moved to the pier side in accordance with the movement of ship (3). At this time, the two carts (5) on the east exit side are stopped, and the ship (3) moves using these heads (4) as guides.As shown in Figure 1 (C), the ship (3) The parallel part of the hull on the stern side of
When the position is reached, these two carts (5) are also moved to the pier side in accordance with the movement of the ship (3). Note that the moving speeds of the ship (3) and the truck (5) do not necessarily have to be the same. Once the vessel (3) has completely entered the dock (1) as shown in Figure 1 (D), the tugboat (40
) and winch (42) to stop the ship (3) and close the dock entrance gate (44). Next, as shown in Figure 1 (E), considering the wind direction, etc., move only the head (4) on one side of the pier to the curved part of the hull on the bow side of the vessel (3), and Move only the side head (4) to the curved part of the hull on the stern side of the vessel (3), hold the vessel (3) with the four heads (4), and move the vessel (
3) at a predetermined position in the center of the dock (1). Then, the tugboat (40) and the robe (43) are separated from the vessel (3).

As shown in Figure 2 (A), a plurality of keel boards (45) and belly boards (46) are placed at the bottom of the dock (1) before the ship (3) is pulled in. , ships (as above)
After separating the tugboat (40) and rope (43) from 3), the water in the dock (1) is gradually drained while blowing out air from the four heads (4).As the drainage progresses, The ship (3) is lowered, but the head (4) is lower than the ship (3).
), the ship (3) descends using these as a guide without having to lower the head (4). As for the two heads (4) that support the curved part of the hull, it is necessary to adjust their position and inclination to follow the shape of the hull as the ship (3) descends. There is no need to make such an adjustment for the two heads (4) that are in use.

When the bottom of the vessel (3) reaches the keel board (45) as shown in Figure 2 (B), adjust the belly board (46) as shown in Figure 2 (C). All boards (4!l) (
After receiving the vessel (3) at 46), four heads (4)
-1 from the ship (3) and withdrawn to the storage position. Finally, as shown in Figure 2 (D>), all the water in the dock (1) is drained to complete the work, and the ship (3) is moved to the board (45) (4
6) Supported above.

The above operation can be performed automatically by using various sensors and a microcomputer that detect the horizontal position and vertical position of the vessel (3), or can be performed semi-automatically by a manual device.

In the case of draining, the operations described above may be reversed. Note that there is no need to use the winch (42) at the head of the culvert for the draining work.

In the above embodiment, air is ejected from the guide head (4) to repel the ship (3), but the ship (3) may also be repelled by other fluids such as seawater. Instead of fluid pressure, magnetism may be used to repel the ship.

Effects of the Invention According to the method of the present invention, each side wall on both sides of the dock is equipped with a guide head that can move forward and backward to repel the ship using fluid pressure or magnetism! - At least two dock loading/unloading trolleys should be installed on the side wall of the dock (one should be arranged so that it can move approximately horizontally).
8. Move the guide heads of the entry/exit beam carts on both sides close enough to avoid contact with both sides of the ship, and move the ship in the longitudinal direction and vertical direction while maintaining the ship's widthwise position by repulsive force. This eliminates the need to use wire ropes to maintain the vessel's position in the width direction, and therefore eliminates the need for as many workers as in the past, saving labor and improving safety in docking and docking operations. I can do it. Since the guide head is held in position in the width direction of the ship by the repulsive force generated by fluid pressure or magnetism without bringing the guide head into contact with the ship, there is no risk of staining the painted surface of the outside of the ship. Therefore, there is no need to rework the coating after the vessel is discharged from the dock, and the quality, precision, appearance, etc. of the coating will not deteriorate. Further, since the guide head does not come into contact with the ship, there is no need to move the guide head up and down even when the ship is moved up and down by water injection and drainage in the dock.

For this reason, the drawing of the loading and unloading cart becomes easy, and the operation of the guide head during loading and unloading is also easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view of the dock showing the first half of the work procedure when docking, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the dock showing the second half of the work procedure when docking, and FIG. Figure 3 is a front view of the loading/unloading truck, Figure 4 is a cutaway plan view of the same part, Figure 5 is a cutaway side view of the same part, and Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the guide head part of Figure 4. = Plan view; FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view showing an enlarged portion of the guide head in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a view taken along the line ■--■ in FIG. 7. (1)...Dock, (2>...Dock side wall, (3>...)
・Ship, (4)... Guide head, (5)... Input/output truck. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 6'\

Claims (1)

[Claims] On each side wall on both sides of the dock, at least two docking vehicles equipped with movable guide heads that repel the ship using fluid pressure or magnetism are arranged so as to be movable substantially horizontally along the side walls of the dock. , the guide heads of the loading and undocking carts on both sides are brought close enough to avoid contact with both sides of the ship, and the ship is moved longitudinally and vertically while maintaining the position in the width direction of the ship due to repulsive force. A method for docking and docking a ship, characterized by: