JPS60249251A - Battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make harmful metals which exist in eluate from waste batteries insoluble by impregnating paste prepared by kneading zinc sulfide powder with water soluble high polymer comound in porous paper, and fixing the paper in a space where no battery reaction takes place. CONSTITUTION:Zinc sulfide powder is kneaded with sol of water soluble high polymer compound such as CMC, sodium polyacrylate, or polyvinyl alcohol to prepare paste. The paste is impregnated in and coated on porous paper and dried. The paper is fixed in a space where no battery reaction takes place. Harmful heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium which exist in eluate from waste batteries are made insoluble as inorganic sulfide. Nylon nonwoven fabric is preferable as the porous paper.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to batteries such as manganese batteries, alkaline manganese batteries, silver batteries, etc. The present invention relates to batteries such as manganese batteries, alkaline manganese batteries, silver batteries, etc. It is something that is materialized and fixed.

Conventional configurations and problems Batteries currently in use have iron or plastic exteriors, and if these cases or exterior vanes are damaged or corroded, the legally regulated hazardous heavy metals in the battery constituent materials may be removed. Substances such as mercury, cadmium, and lead may be leached during disposal, and if they are disposed of in a concentrated manner, there is a risk that soil, river water, seawater, etc. may become contaminated and harmful. Although it has not been put to practical use at present, it is based on an idea similar to the present invention, in which high-molecular organic compound powders such as ion exchange resins and chelate resins, which immobilize harmful heavy metals by adsorption and render them harmless, are applied to porous paper using a gelatinizing agent. A battery is known in which a cylindrical body that has been made into a paste, impregnated, coated, and dried is installed in the gap between the inner and outer cases to power the battery, but this type uses expensive chelate resin or ion exchange resin.

■The capacity to adsorb and fix harmful heavy metals is small. (2) Because the porous paper cylinder used as a carrier has poor affinity with chelate resins and ion exchange resins, there was a drawback that the chelate resins and ion exchange resins easily fell off and separated from the coating membrane during the manufacturing process.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional batteries and the methods described in literature, and eliminates the risk of pollution caused by the elution of hazardous heavy metals associated with the disposal of various batteries by using sulfide, an inorganic compound. It is possible to mass-produce the city and pond, which are insoluble and immobilized to make them harmless, at a low cost, and to function effectively.

Structure of the Invention The present invention is produced naturally in large quantities, is inexpensive, and has an affinity with porous paper used as a carrier and an affinity with suspensions for the purpose of making paper or cloth for mounting in batteries. Zinc sulfide was found to be good in both cases, and porous paper such as nylon was impregnated with a suspension paste made by kneading this powder with a sol of water-soluble polymer compounds such as CMG and sodium polyacrylate.

By coating and drying, it becomes flexible zinc sulfide that does not easily fall off, and this is installed in the space outside the electromotive reaction system of the battery.

Description of Examples In Examples [A]-[1] shown in Table 1, examples are shown in which mercury is used as the eluted heavy metal substance. Same <Example [A:]-421 is cadmium, Example [A:3-
[3:] shows an example targeting lead.

(Left below) 7.1 In each case, the initial concentration and the residual concentration after the experiment were compared to calculate the fixation rate of the dissolved substances. The fixed effect could be clearly confirmed for all three substances, mercury, cadmium, and lead, as shown in Table 1. As for the preferred manufacturing method of this paper or cloth-formed zinc sulfide, the first result of various experiments was found.
The hydrosil mixture of CMC and sodium polyacrylate shown in the inverted table has suitable adhesiveness and strong adhesion even in a dilute solution such as 2-layer solution, and moreover, it can be used to
When a suspension paste of zinc sulfide with a content of 10% was used, a stable paste having a particularly strong affinity for nylon nonwoven fabrics was obtained. After this impregnation and coating, the cloth-like zinc sulfide is homogeneous, hard to fall off, flexible and easy to process. This cloth-like zinc sulfide is extremely active in any aqueous solution of mercury, cadmium, or lead, maintains a paper-like floating state, and extremely effectively immobilizes the heavy metal ions contained therein as sulfide. The resulting values are Example [A)-41)-■, (A]-[2)-
〇, [A)-43:]-■ makes it clear. Although not stated in this example [A), the mixed hydrosil concentration was 0.
．． When the zinc sulfide content in the suspended paste was in the range of 5 to 6 parts and the zinc sulfide content in the suspended paste was in the range of 1 to 20 parts, a suitable paper or cloth-shaped zinc sulfide similar to the example was obtained.

Example [B] in Table 2 specifically targets mercury ions,
This shows an example in which the mercury fixing ability was tested for a wide range of initial pH ranging from weakly acidic to alkaline (5.7 and 10.12).

(Margins below) 9 Page 7 10 This shows that mercury ions are very effectively insoluble and immobilized as mercury sulfide in any of the PH regions.

It was also confirmed that there was a pH buffering function that brought the pH of the remaining solution after mercury fixation close to neutral. If this function determines when the battery according to the present invention is to be disposed of after being put into use, it is also possible to reduce the adverse effects on soil and water quality caused by excessive or insufficient pH of the eluted electrolyte.

The mercury concentration in Example [1] and [B11 was analyzed by reduction vaporization and flameless atomic absorption 4D spectrometry, and the cadmium and lead concentrations were analyzed by acetylene flame atomic absorption 4D spectrometry. The PH was measured using a glass electrode PH meter.

The insoluble immobilization function of zinc sulfide in the present invention for mercury ions, cadmium ions, and lead ions is that the solubility of zinc sulfide in water is 6.44 PPM, and this eluted zinc sulfide is capable of immobilizing mercury ions, cadmium ions, and lead ions. Mercury sulfide and cadmium sulfide are produced by substitution reaction.

By repeating a chemical change to lead sulfide, insolubilization, precipitate fixation, and elution of zinc sulfide again, the 11 Be-7 substitution reaction continues and fixation gradually progresses. I think that the.

In the case of zinc sulfide in the form of paper or cloth in Example [A] of the present invention, the basic function is exactly the same, but zinc sulfide is used in the form of powder! As shown in Example (A), the immobilization rate is somewhat lower due to the smaller contact reaction surface area than in the case of actual use, but it shows a strong immobilization function. Since the leakage of the electrolyte containing heavy metals progresses gradually over many years, it is believed that it functions at a fixed rate close to 100%.

Effects of the Invention In the above experimental example, a case was shown in which a nylon nonwoven fabric was used as a porous cloth piece, but as another experimental example, paper-like zinc sulfide using kraft paper and P paper for quantitative analysis as carriers was used in Example [A
Even when a prototype is manufactured in the same manner as 11, it is possible to obtain an excellent immobilization function similar to that of this embodiment. However, the affinity between porous paper or cloth and zinc sulfide, and the affinity between porous paper or cloth and water.

The nylon nonwoven fabric according to this example [A] is most suitable in terms of the zinc sulfide retention capacity of the paper-like zinc sulfide and the softness and flexibility of the paper or cloth-like zinc sulfide. This is also preferable since zinc sulfide does not easily fall off after manufacturing. In this example [A], C
The case where a mixed hydrosil of MCj and sodium polyacrylate is used is shown, but in addition, when CMc or sodium polyacrylate is used alone, when PVA is used,
Also, when used as an alcosol or an organosol, the same excellent immobilization function as in the example can be obtained.

However, when considering the workability, flexibility, adhesion stability, and cost aspects of paper-like zinc sulfide, Example [A] is the most practical.

In addition, the zinc sulfide according to the present invention can be effectively installed in any interior space outside the electromotive reaction system and considered to be a route in case the electrolyte leaks. It can be cut into any shape and worn.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A suspended paste made by kneading zinc sulfide powder and a sol of a water-soluble polymer compound such as CMG, sodium polyacrylate, or polyvinyl alcohol is impregnated onto porous paper, coated, and dried to form paper or cloth. 1. A battery characterized in that zinc sulfide in the form of zinc sulfide is installed in a space outside the electromotive reaction system within the battery.