JPS6023358B2 - electronic musical instruments - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention is an electronic device that repeatedly accumulates numerical frequency numbers corresponding to the pitch of a pressed key at a predetermined speed, and uses the accumulated value to control the pitch of a generated musical sound. The present invention relates to improvements in musical instruments, and particularly to electronic musical instruments that can control the pitch of generated musical tones with a simple configuration.

A. Description of the Prior Art Electronic musical instruments that determine the pitch of a musical tone generated by repeatedly accumulating numerical frequency numbers corresponding to the pitch of a pressed key at a predetermined speed include a harmonic synthesis method and a waveform memory. There are various methods for presenting proposals.

Some harmonic synthesis type electronic musical instruments obtain musical tones by sequentially calculating amplitude values at successive sample points of a musical sound waveform based on the '1' formula. Here, Fu(qR)... Waveform amplitude value at each sample point of the musical sound waveform.

R・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Frequency of generated musical tone (
A numerical value (hereinafter referred to as a frequency number) proportional to the pitch (pitch).

n ・・・・・・・・・・・・Represents the order of each harmonic component including the fundamental wave, n=1 is the fundamental wave (fundamental tone) n=2 is the second harmonic (second double blue) , n=3 corresponds to the third harmonic (third harmonic)...

Cn......Amplitude coefficient (Fourier coefficient) for harmonic components of each order.

N: Number of sample points of one musical tone waveform at the highest frequency of the generated musical tone.

W: Total number of harmonics to be synthesized at each sample point.

There is a relationship of W=N/2.

In addition, in the following explanation, harmonics includes the fundamental wave, and the fundamental The wave is the first harmonic.

An electronic musical instrument based on this harmonic synthesis method is configured as shown in FIG. 1, for example.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a key switch circuit provided in the keyboard section, which has a key switch corresponding to each key of the keyboard section. When a certain key is pressed, the corresponding key switch operates, and its output line The circuit is configured to output a signal with a logical value of "1". This key switch circuit 1 has a built-in single-note priority circuit, so that when two or more key switches operate at the same time, a "1" signal is output only to the output line corresponding to the key switch with the highest priority. It has become. The output line corresponding to each key switch of the key switch circuit 1 is connected to the input side of a frequency number memory 2 in which a frequency number R corresponding to the pitch of each key is stored. Then, the frequency number R corresponding to the pitch of the key is read out from the frequency number memory 2 as addressed by the output of the key switch circuit 1. On the other hand, the clock oscillator 3 outputs a wide clock pulse of a constant period, and this clock pulse tC is frequency-divided by W in the counter 4, so that the calculation interval timing signal becomes.

In this case, "W" is the total number of harmonics to be synthesized. For example, when synthesizing up to the 16th harmonic, "W=1
6". The calculation interval timing signal tx created in this way is supplied to the gate 5. This gate 5 opens when the calculation interval timing signal is supplied, and supplies the frequency number R output from the frequency number memory 2 to the pitch interval adder 6. The pitch interval adder 6 adds the frequency number R every time the frequency number R is supplied via the gate 5 (that is, every time the calculation interval timing signal is generated).
is accumulated and outputs an accumulated value qR that increases as IR, sect, sickle, etc. Then, the adder 6 overflows when the accumulated value qR exceeds the modulo N of the adder 6, and thereafter performs the same accumulation operation again every time the calculation interval timing signal is generated. Thus, the accumulated value qR, which changes with each occurrence of the calculation interval timing signal, is supplied to the harmonic interval adder 8 via the gate 7 gated by the clock pulse tc. In this case, since the clock pulse tc has a frequency W times that of the calculation interval timing signal, the gate 7 is opened W times during one cycle of the calculation interval timing signal. As a result,
The harmonic section adder 8 sequentially adds the accumulated value qR output from the gate 7 every time the clock pulse tc occurs, and outputs the accumulated value MR. When the adder 8 completes the W number of accumulations, it is reset by the calculation interval timing signal 0, and thereafter performs the same operation. Therefore, this harmonic section adder 8 generates an accumulated value nqR (n=1, 2, 3...W) that increases sequentially according to the clock pulse during one cycle of the calculation section timing signal. That means you are doing it. This cumulative value nqR is decoded by a memory address decoder 9, and the decoded output is supplied as an address signal to a sine function memory 10 which stores sequential sample point amplitude values of one period of a sine wave waveform at each address. , the sine amplitude value sinWempty-q from the memory 10
Read R. As is clear from the above explanation, the cumulative value qR of the pitch section adder 6 indicates the sequential sample points at which the musical waveform amplitude should be calculated, and the cumulative value nqR of the harmonic section adder 8 indicates the number of sample points currently being calculated. n at sequential sample points qR of
It represents the phase of the next harmonic.

As a result, the sample point q is stored from the sine function memory 10.
The sine amplitude value Si of each harmonic (including the fundamental wave) in R
The n-measure nqR (n=1'2-----W) is sequentially generated in the order of the fundamental wave (first harmonic), second harmonic, . . . W-th harmonic. In this case, the sample points of the musical waveform to be calculated shift sequentially every time the calculation interval timing signal tx is generated, but which sample point to shift to next is determined by the frequency number R.
This frequency number R is proportional to the pitch of the operating key. Therefore, from the sine function memory 10, the sine amplitude value (Sin yodo nqR) of each harmonic corresponding to the pitch of the operating key is obtained.
are generated sequentially and in a time-sharing manner. On the other hand, the memory address control device 11 is constituted by a modulo W counter, and is synchronized with the counter 4 by clock pulse tc.
is sequentially counted and outputs the count value to the harmonic coefficient memory 12 as an address signal n.

The harmonic coefficient memory 2 stores a harmonic amplitude coefficient C corresponding to the optimum amplitude value of each harmonic in order to obtain a desired musical timbre.
n is stored in each address, and when an address signal n (indicating the harmonic order) which changes sequentially in synchronization with the clock pulse tc is supplied from the memory address control device 11, the address signal n is stored in each address. The harmonic amplitude coefficient Cn that sets the amplitude value of each harmonic that exists is sequentially read out. This harmonic amplitude coefficient Cn is output to the harmonic amplitude multiplier 13. The harmonic amplitude multiplier 13 calculates the sine amplitude value SindnqR of each harmonic, which is read out in a time-division manner for each sample point from the sine function memory 0, and the harmonic amplitude coefficient Cn, which is reduced by each harmonic. Multiply the product value Fn=CnSin
Garlic nqR is simulated by the accumulator 14'. In this case, since the memory address control device 11 is synchronized with the harmonic section adder 8, the harmonic amplitude coefficient Cn sequentially read out for each harmonic is the corresponding harmonic sine amplitude value SinsinqR'
This is multiplied, and the amplitude value Fn for each harmonic is set accordingly. The accumulator 14 sequentially accumulates the amplitude value Fn of each harmonic output from the harmonic amplitude multiplier 13.
When the calculation interval timing signal is generated, the gate 15 opens and the accumulated value of the accumulator 14 (representing the amplitude value at a certain sample point of the musical waveform) is output to the D-A converter 16. At the same time, the accumulator 14 is reset and performs the same accumulation operation as described above again in order to calculate the amplitude value at the next sequential sample point. Therefore, the D-A converter 16 receives amplitude values (digital signals) at each sample point of a musical sound waveform having a period corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key and having a waveform shape set by each harmonic amplitude coefficient Cn. The calculation interval timing signal {is input every time x occurs, and by converting this digital amplitude value into an analog signal and supplying it to the sound system 17, it is possible to generate a pitch corresponding to the pressed key and harmonics. A musical tone having a tone corresponding to the harmonic amplitude coefficient Cn stored in the coefficient memory 12 is generated. On the other hand, an amplitude envelope is assigned to a generated musical tone in the following manner.

That is, the sound system 17 is provided with an envelope waveform generator that starts operating in response to the key-on signal ON' output from the key switch circuit 1 when any key is pressed. The envelope waveform output from the instrument is multiplied by the musical tone signal to impart amplitude envelopes such as attack, sustain, and decay to the generated musical tone. Incidentally, since an electronic musical instrument having such a structure is disclosed in Tokukan Sho 48-90217, a detailed explanation of the structure and operation of each part thereof will be omitted. FIG. 2 shows an example of an electronic musical instrument based on the conventional waveform memory output method, and particularly has a single-note configuration, and the same parts as in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same symbols. In the figure, 1 is a key switch circuit provided in the keyboard section, which has a key switch corresponding to each key of the keyboard section,
When a certain key is pressed, the corresponding key switch operates and a signal with a logical value of "1" is output to its output line. In this case, the key switch circuit 1 has a built-in single-note priority circuit, and if multiple key switches operate at the same time,
“Only for the output line corresponding to the key switch with high priority”
The key switch circuit 1 is configured to output a key-on signal KON indicating that a certain key is being pressed. The output line corresponding to each key switch is connected to the input side of a frequency information memory 18, and the memory 18 stores a numerical frequency number F corresponding to the pitch of each key.

Therefore, when a certain key is pressed, the frequency number F corresponding to the pitch of that key is read from the frequency information memory 18. The frequency number read out from the frequency information memory 18 is supplied to the accumulator 19, and the accumulator 19 sequentially accumulates the frequency number F in synchronization with the clock pulse, and calculates the accumulated value qF (q=1 ,2,
3...N) are sequentially output as the output address signals of the waveform memory 20. The waveform memory 20 stores a desired musical tone (
Sound source) The amplitude value of each sample point of one cycle of the waveform is stored in each address, and the waveform amplitude values stored in the address specified by the read address signal (accumulated value qF) from the accumulator 19 are sequentially read out. It will be done. As is clear from the above explanation, the frequency number F corresponding to the pressed key is read out from the frequency information memory 18, and this is read out from the accumulator 19 at the timing of clock pulse 0.
The accumulated value qF becomes the successive address signal of the waveform memory 20.

Therefore, the waveform memory 20 outputs a musical tone (sound source) waveform MW having a frequency corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key. On the other hand, Enbe.

The loop waveform generator 21 receives the key-on signal KON outputted from the key switch circuit 1 and generates an envelope waveform ENV for controlling the volume envelope, which is composed of an attack section, a delay section, a decay section, and the like. The musical waveform MW read out from the waveform memory 20 is then supplied to the multiplier 22,
It is multiplied by the envelope waveform ENV output from the envelope waveform generator 21, thereby imparting a volume envelope to the musical sound waveform MW. The musical sound waveform MWI with this volume envelope is further filtered, amplified,
The sound is supplied to a sound system 17 consisting of a speaker and the like, and is emitted as a performance sound. Therefore, from the sound system 17, the frequency information memory 8 corresponds to the pressed key.
A musical tone is generated at a frequency (pitch) determined by the frequency number F read from the waveform memory 20 and having a waveform shape (timbre) stored in the waveform memory 20. Note that a latch circuit 18a is provided on the input side of the frequency information memo IJ18, so that even after the key is released, the output of the key switch circuit 1 is integrated into the frequency information memory 18 to generate a decay sound after the key is pressed. It has become.

Therefore, the latch circuit 18a has a key-on signal KON.
is input as a strobe signal through the one-shot circuit 23, and the latch operation of the latch circuit 18a is performed at the rise of the key-on signal KON. Therefore, the output of the latched key switch circuit 1 is the key-on signal KO when a new key is pressed next.
It is held until N rises. B. Disadvantages of the Prior Art As is clear from the above explanation, the conventional electronic musical instrument as described above generates a frequency number R (or F) corresponding to the pressed key, and uses this frequency number R (or F). Calculation interval timing signal tx (or clock pulse?)
is sequentially accumulated every time ``is generated'' to form an accumulated value qR (or qF) specifying each sample point of the musical tone waveform.

Therefore, the pitch of the generated musical sound is determined by the frequency number R (or F), but in electronic musical instruments, vibrato, Pitch control such as glide and portamento is performed.
That is, the frequency Nasova R (or F) is controlled by pitch control signals such as vibrato, glide, and portamento to impart various effects to the generated musical tones. As a control means for such a frequency number R (or F), in conventional electronic musical instruments, the frequency number R (or F) is multiplied by the above-mentioned various pitch control signals for pitch control using a multiplier. Measures are taken to control the frequency number R (or F). However, in such a frequency number control means using multiplication processing, the device becomes extremely complicated due to the multiplication processing, and the frequency of the clock pulse must be increased in order to complete the multiplication processing within a predetermined time. It has its drawbacks. C. Purpose of the Invention The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional harmonic synthesis type electronic musical instrument, and its purpose is to enable pitch control of generated musical tones with a simple configuration. The aim is to provide an electronic musical instrument with a high level of performance.

In order to achieve such an object, the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention generates a glide signal, a portamento signal, and a vibrato signal V as various pitch control signals as logarithmized signals, and also generates a logarithmized frequency number R (or F) is generated, and this logarithmized frequency number R (or F) is added to the above-mentioned logarithmized various pitch control signals to form a signal indicating a pitch change, and a signal indicating this pitch change ( Frequency number R (or F) that determines the base pitch by converting logarithmized) into a natural number
The frequency number R (or F
).

Hereinafter, the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention will be explained in detail using the drawings.

D Explanation of the configuration and operation of the present invention '1' Explanation of the configuration of the present invention Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.
The same parts as in the figures are given the same symbols and their explanations are omitted.

In the figure, 24 is a frequency number memory (logR is referred to as a logarithmic frequency number) that stores the frequency number R corresponding to the pitch of each key as a logarithmic value; As shown, a logarithmic glide signal l is obtained by logarithmizing the amplitude value G of each sample point of the glide waveform in which the amplitude value G is small at first and gradually increases to a constant value of 1.0.
This is a glide signal generator that outputs as og○. 26
is the logarithmic glide signal logG of the glide signal generator 25
This is a glide controller that controls the glide speed and depth by controlling the generation of logarithmic glide signal logC and the rate of change and relative level of this logarithmic glide signal logC, and is equipped with switches, variable resistors, and the like.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a portamento signal generator which outputs a desired logarithmic voltament signal logarithmized by logarithmizing each sample point amplitude value P of a portamento waveform that increases linearly and sequentially, as shown in FIG. 4b.

A portamento controller 28 controls the generation of the logarithmic portamento signal lo# of the portamento signal generator 27, the rise and fall of the voltamento, and the speed of the voltamento, and is equipped with a switch, a variable resistor, and the like.

A vibrato signal generator 29 outputs a desired logarithmic vibrato signal logV obtained by logarithmizing each sample point amplitude value V of a sinusoidal vibrato waveform as shown in FIG. 4c.

A vibrato controller 30 controls the generation of the logarithmic vibrato signal logV of the vibrato signal generator 29 and the period and depth of the logarithmic vibrato signal logV, and includes a switch, a variable resistor, and the like.

31 is a logarithmic glide signal logC outputted from the glide signal generator 25, a logarithmic portamento signal lo outputted from the portamento signal generator 27, and a logarithmic vibrato signal logV outputted from the vibrato signal generator 29.
, is an adder that adds the logarithmic frequency numbers ogR output from the frequency number memory 24 and outputs the addition output logCPVR.

32 is the addition output logOPV output from the adder 31
This is a logarithm-to-natural number converter that converts R to a natural number GPVR.

33 adds the natural number GPVR output from the logarithm-to-natural number converter 32 to the frequency number R (natural number) output from the frequency number memory 2, and converts the added output into a modified frequency number RI= to which the various effects described above have been added. R (10 GP
The modified frequency number RI outputted from this adder 33 is inputted to a pitch section adder 6 via a gate 5.

The glide signal generator 25 and glide controller 26, portamento signal generator 27 and portamento controller 28, vibrato signal generator 29 and vibrato toron roller 30 used in the present invention are illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7, respectively. It is configured as shown.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the glide signal generator 25 and glide controller 26.

In the figure, 25a is a memory that stores the amplitude value G of each sample point of the glide waveform as a logarithmic glide signal lo, as shown in FIG. A low frequency oscillator 25c whose oscillation frequency is variably controlled by a resistor 26c counts low frequency pulses from the low frequency oscillator 25b inputted via an AND gate 25d, and stores the logarithmic glide signal lo& with its count output. memory 25a
25e is a detection circuit that detects that the count value of the counter 25c has reached a certain value and sends out a detection signal (signal "1"). The detection signal is inverter 2
It is inverted at 5f and becomes an inhibit input to AND gate 25d. 25g is a one-shot circuit that outputs a one-shot pulse with a narrow pulse width when triggered by the key-on signal KON output from the key switch circuit 1 when the glide switch 26a of the glide controller 26 is on. The counter 25c is reset by a one-shot pulse output from the circuit 25g.

A shift circuit 25h controls the level of the logarithmic glide signal log◯ read out from the memory 25a according to the depth selected by the glide selection switch 26b of the glide controller 26.

26a is a glide switch that controls the generation (on-off) of the logarithmic glide signal logC, 26b is a glide selection switch that selects the glide depth, and 26c is a variable resistor that variably sets the glide speed.

Therefore, in this glide signal generator 25, when the glide switch 26a is on and the key-on signal KON is input during a key press operation, the counter 25c is reset by a one-shot pulse from the one-shot circuit 25g, and then A counting operation is started by a low frequency pulse output from the low frequency oscillator 25b, and by this counting operation, the logarithmic glide signal logC stored in the memory 25a is sequentially read out at a speed set by the variable resistor 26c. When the count value of the counter 25c reaches a certain value, the detection circuit 25e sends a detection signal (
signal “1”) is output, which causes AND gate 25
d becomes inactive, the counting operation of the counter 25c stops, and the reading operation of the memory 25a also stops. The logarithmic glide signal logG read out from the memory 25a in this manner is outputted after its level is controlled by the shift circuit 25h according to the glide depth selected by the glide selection switch 26b. Figure 6 shows voltament signal generator 2
7 and the internal configuration of the voltament controller 28. FIG.

In the figure, 27a is a memory that stores the amplitude value P of each sample point of the portamento waveform as a logarithmic portamento signal, as shown in FIG. 4b, and the most significant bit of the address input When the MSB is "1", the logarithmic portamento signal lo crab with the rising portamento waveform shown by the solid line in FIG. 4b is output, and the most significant bit MS
When B is "0", a logarithmic portamento signal lo crab shown by the broken line in FIG. 4b, which is an inversion of the rising voltament waveform, is output. 27b is a low frequency oscillator whose oscillation frequency is variably controlled by the variable resistor 28c of the portamento controller 28; 27c counts the low frequency pulses from the low frequency oscillator 27b that are input via the AND gate 27d; The above logarithmic portamento signal l
o is a counter that addresses the stored memory 27a and reads out the stored contents, and 27e detects that the count value of 27c has reached a certain value and outputs a detection signal (signal "1").
The detection signal outputted from this detection circuit 27e is inverted by an inverter 27f and becomes an inhibit input to an AND gate 27d.

27g is the key switch circuit 1 when the voltamento switch 28a of the portamento controller 28 is on.
This one-shot circuit outputs a one-shot pulse with a narrow pulse width when triggered by the key-on signal KON output from the one-shot circuit 27h, and the counter 27c is reset by the one-shot pulse output from the one-shot circuit 27h.

28a is a portamento switch that controls the generation (on-off) of the logarithmic portamento signal; 28b is a portamento selection switch that selects one of the rising modes of portamento; when this portamento selection switch 28b is turned on ( mode), a "1" signal is input to the most significant bit MSB of the address input of the memory 27a.

Therefore, in this portamento signal generator 27, when the portamento switch 28a is on and the key-on signal KON accompanying the divine key operation is input, the counter 27c starts counting operation and the logarithm stored in the memory 27a is stored. The voltament signal LOZE (either falling or rising mode) is read out at a speed set by variable resistor 28c. Then, when the count value of the counter 27c reaches a certain value, the reading operation of the stored contents of the memory 27a is stopped. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the vibrato signal generator 29 and vibrato controller 30.

In the same figure, 29a is a memory that stores the amplitude value V of each sample point of the vibrato waveform as a logarithmic vibrato signal logV, as shown in FIG. 4c, and 29b
29c is a low frequency oscillator whose oscillation frequency is variably controlled by the variable resistor 30c of the vibrato controller 30, and 29c counts the low frequency pulses from the low frequency oscillator 29b inputted via the AND gate 29d, and the count output is used as the above-mentioned signal. This counter 29c addresses the memory 29a that stores the logarithmic vibrato signal logV and reads out the stored contents.This counter 29c has an AND gate 29d inactive when the vibrato switch 30a of the vibrato controller 30 is off. Therefore, no counting operation is performed. 29e sets the level of the logarithmic vibrato signal logV read from the memory 29a to the vibrato selection switch 30b of the vibrato controller 30.
This is a shift circuit that controls according to the vibrato depth selected in .

30a is a vibrato switch that controls generation (on-off) of the logarithmic vibrato signal logV; 30b is a vibrato selection switch that selects the vibrato depth; and 30c is a variable resistor that variably sets the vibrato speed.

Therefore, in this vibrato signal generator 29, when the vibrato switch 30a is turned on, the logarithmic vibrato signal logV is sequentially read out from the memory 29a at a speed set by the variable resistor 30c. logV is the vibrato selection switch 30b
Shift circuit 29e according to the vibrato depth selected in
The level is controlled and output. The glide signal generator 25, portamento signal generator 27, and vibrato signal generator 29 are configured to output logl=0 when the glide switch 26a, voltage switch 28a, and vibrato switch 30a are off. ing.

[21 Description of operation of this embodiment] In the electronic musical instrument configured as described above, for example, when performing only glide control, turn on the glide controller 26 and the glide switch 26a, and
Select an appropriate glide depth using the glide selection switch 26b.
Further, appropriate glide speeds are set using the variable resistors 26c.

On the other hand, the portamento switch 28a of the portamento controller 28 and the vibrato switch 30a of the vibrato controller 30 are turned off. Therefore, the portamento signal generator 27 and the vibrato signal generator 2
From 9 onwards, as mentioned above, the logarithmic portamento signal loze=
0 and the logarithmic vibrato signal logV=0 will continue to be output.

In this state, when a certain key on the keyboard section is pressed, the key switch corresponding to the pressed key is closed, a "1" signal is output to the corresponding output line of key switch circuit 1, and any A key-on signal KON indicating that the key is pressed is output.

The output signal of this key switch circuit 1 reads out the frequency number R by addressing the frequency number memory 2 which stores the frequency number R corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key as a natural number, and also reads out the frequency number R by logarithmically converting the frequency number R into a logarithmic frequency number. The frequency number memory 24 stored as ogR is addressed and the logarithmic frequency number o station is read out. on the other hand,
The glide signal generator 25 is connected to the glide controller 26
Since the glide switch 26a is on, the key-on signal KON is input through the on glide switch 26a to start operation, and the speed is set in advance (determined by the oscillation frequency of the low frequency oscillator 25b). The memory 25a stores the logarithmic glide signal logG.
is addressed, and a logarithmic frequency glide signal lo corresponding to the glide waveform shown in FIG. 4a is output for only one cycle (one cycle of the force counter 25c).

The logarithmic glide signal log0 generated in this way,
Logarithmic portamento signal lo#, logarithmic vibrato signal lo
gV and the logarithmic frequency number o are added by an adder 31, and the adder 31 outputs the added value logOPVR to the logarithm-to-natural converter 32.

In this case, as described above, both lo and logV are "0" (log1), so the output of the adder 31 becomes logGR, and the output of the logarithm-to-natural number converter 32 becomes a natural number GR. Then, this natural number GR is added to the adder 33
is added to the frequency number R read out from the frequency number memory 2, and the adder 33 outputs the addition output R'=R (10G) of the natural number GR and the frequency number R (natural number) through the gate 5 and calculates the pitch. It is output to the interval adder 6. The pitch interval adder 6 accumulates the frequency number RI to which the modified frequency number RI to which the glide effect has been applied is supplied via the gate 5 (that is, each time the calculation interval timing signal is generated) and calculates IR1. , 2R1, station 1, etc., the cumulative value qRI is outputted. This accumulated value qRI is supplied to a harmonic interval adder 8 through a gate 7 at each occurrence of a clock pulse, and the harmonic interval adder 8 calculates the sine amplitude value sin of each harmonic at a certain sample point (qRI). An accumulated value town RI is formed for generating qR· in the magazine. Therefore, from the sine function memory 10, the sine amplitude value of each harmonic at the sample point corresponding to the modified frequency number RI to which the glide effect is applied is obtained.
will be output to .

In this case, the glide signal generator 25 outputs a logarithmic glide signal corresponding to each sample point amplitude G (FIG. 4a) of the glide waveform, which gradually approaches "1" from the value below the decimal point in synchronization with the start of key depression. Since the signal logG is output, the modified frequency number RI input to the pitch section adder 6 also changes accordingly, and the pitch of the musical tone generated from the sound system 17 decreases at the start of key depression, and then gradually increases. A musical tone with a glide effect that rises to a predetermined pitch is generated. Next, when only the portamento switch 28a of the portamento controller 28 is turned on, the key-on signal K
When the ON signal is generated, the portamento signal generator 27 operates to generate logarithmic portamento which is obtained by logarithmizing each sample point amplitude value P of the portamento waveform (Fig. 4b) stored in each address of 27a (Fig. 6). A signal logP is output.

As a result, the modified frequency number RI output from the adder 33 becomes "R (10P)", and the sound system 17
From there, a musical tone with a portamento effect is generated whose pitch rises (or falls) in response to a portamento amplitude value P (portamento waveform) that sequentially increases (or decreases). Next, when only the vibrato switch 30a of the vibrato controller 24 is closed, the vibrato signal generator 23 operates and the memory 29a (
The vibrato waveform (Fig. 7) stored in each address
A logarithmic vibrato signal logV obtained by logarithmizing the sample point amplitude value V in FIG. 4c) has a predetermined period (determined by the oscillation frequency of the low frequency oscillator 29b).

) is repeatedly output. As a result, the modified frequency number R output from the adder 33 is the vibrato "R(
10 V)'', and the sound system 17 generates a sound with a vibrato effect in which the pitch of the generated musical tone changes periodically. Next, when the glide switch 26a and the vibrato switch 30a are closed simultaneously, as is clear from the above, the modified frequency number RI output from the adder 33 becomes "R (10 GV)", and the sound system From 17, a musical tone to which glide effect and vibrato effect are applied simultaneously is generated.

In this way, by generating the frequency number R and various Aoshima control signals such as the glide signal G, portamento signal P, and vibrato signal V as logarithmic values, the calculation processing for controlling the various pitches of the generated musical tones can be performed using a multiplier. Since the process can be performed only by the adder without using the adder, there is no need to increase the frequency of the clock pulse for calculation processing, and as a result, various pitch controls can be realized with a simple configuration.

Further, in this embodiment, the modified frequency number RI output from the adder 33 is expressed as RI=R+GPVR, but in this case, the first term (R) is set to represent the basic pitch of the musical tone, and the The second term (GPVR) is set to represent pitch change. Therefore, the part representing the pitch change in the second term does not require much accuracy.
That is, the memories 24, 25a, 27a, and 29a that generate lo many, lo, log V, and lo stations may have somewhat lower accuracy (number of bits) than the frequency number memory 2 that generates the frequency number R, Therefore, the overall configuration can be simplified. At the same time, the part representing the basic pitch and the part representing the pitch change can be formed independently of each other, which has the effect of facilitating design. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument using a harmonic synthesis method, but it can be similarly applied to a fin instrument using a waveform memory reading method.

That is, if the output of the adder 33 in FIG. 3 is inputted as a changed frequency number FI to the accumulator 19 of the electronic musical instrument using the waveform memory reading method in FIG. A musical tone is generated. In addition, in the embodiment described above, the logarithmic frequency number R, the logarithmic frequency glide signal logG,
Logarithmic portamento signal logP, logarithmic vibrato signal l
Although only the case where a memory is used to generate each ogV has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is of course possible to generate various logarithmized signals using other means. It is. E Effects of the Invention As explained above, the electronic musical instrument of the invention uses the frequency number R and the glide signal G as a pitch control signal.
, the portamento signal P, and the vibrato signal V are generated as logarithmized signals, and the logarithmized signals are converted into natural numbers and the converted signals and the frequency number R are added to produce a changed frequency with a pitch control effect. Since the number RI is generated, calculation processing for various pitch controls can be realized without using a multiplier, and as a result, various pitch controls can be realized with a simple configuration. This has excellent effects such as ease of design for control.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an electronic musical instrument using a conventional harmonic synthesis method, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of an electronic musical instrument using a conventional waveform memory storage method, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. Block diagram showing one embodiment of FIG. 4 a to c
5 is a diagram showing the stored waveforms of the glide signal G, portamento signal P, and vibrato signal V in the embodiment of FIG.
7 to 7 are diagrams showing the configurations of a glide signal generator, a voltament signal generator, and a vibrato signal generator used in the present invention. 1... Key switch circuit, 2, 24...
・Frequency number memory, 3... Clock oscillator, 4... Counter, 6... Pitch section adder, 8... Harmonic section adder, 17...・・・・・・
Sound system, 18... Frequency information memory, 19... Accumulator, 20...
Waveform memory, 21... Envelope waveform generator, 25... Glide signal generator, 26...
... Glide controller, 27 ... Portamento signal generator, 28 ... Portamento controller, 29 ... Vibrato signal generator, 30
...Vibrato controller, 31, 33...
... Adder, 32... Logarithm-natural number converter. Figure 4 Figure 1 Figure 2 Ship Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an electronic musical instrument that repeatedly accumulates a numerical frequency number corresponding to the pitch of a pressed key at a predetermined speed and uses this accumulated value to control the pitch of the generated musical tone, the frequency number corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key is Frequency number generation means for generating a frequency number and a logarithmic frequency number obtained by logarithmizing the frequency number; Logarithmic pitch control signal generation means for generating a logarithmic pitch control signal for controlling the pitch of a generated musical tone; a first addition means for adding the logarithmic pitch control signal generated from the logarithmic pitch control signal generation means and the logarithmic frequency number generated from the frequency number generation means; and an output of the first addition means. a logarithm-to-natural number converting means for converting into a natural number; and a second addition means for adding the output of the logarithm-to-natural number converting means and the frequency number generated from the frequency number generating means; An electronic musical instrument characterized in that the output of the means is repeatedly accumulated at a predetermined speed, and the pitch of the generated musical tone is controlled based on the accumulated value.