JPS6023128B2 - Lightweight expandable granules - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention uses organic granules as a skeleton material, and the surface (outer shell)
The present invention relates to lightweight expandable granules (hereinafter simply referred to as particles) that foam at high temperatures and have a coating layer formed from a composition that forms a carbonized layer.

Organic particulate materials, such as styrene beads, are lightweight and highly processable, so they are widely used as materials for construction, insulation, and the like.

Materials in which styrene beads, synthetic resin chips, synthetic resin foam chips, rubber chips, etc. are mixed as aggregates are also widely used. However, most of the organic granules melt or burn at high temperatures, so they are completely useless in terms of fire protection.

For this reason, especially as legal regulations have been tightened recently, there is a tendency for the fields in which these excellent properties can be utilized to become narrower and narrower. In addition, when adding synthetic resin foam, such as hard polyurthane foam chips, to a synthetic resin foam to form a foam with improved mechanical strength, it is extremely difficult to disperse uniformly because of the air bubbles on the outer peripheral surface. It was difficult. Furthermore, as a method of improving the fire resistance of synthetic resin bodies, there is also a method of adding inorganic particulates to foams.
However, when pearlite grains and glass grains are mixed as inorganic particulates, uniform dispersion becomes difficult because the bulk specific gravity of the former becomes a problem and the specific gravity of the latter becomes a problem. Therefore, no matter how much noncombustible material is added, it is only partial and there is no mechanical connection structure between the noncombustible materials, so as a result, the fire resistance of the synthetic resin body etc. cannot be improved. It can't be. In particular, synthetic resin foams granulated with clay minerals or mixed with natural stones such as rocks have the disadvantage that their properties may be completely diminished. The present invention eliminates these drawbacks, makes effective use of the characteristics of organic granules, improves wetting with raw materials for synthetic resin bodies or synthetic resin foams, and enables uniform dispersion. Even if the above-mentioned granules are burned down, the coating layer coated on the surface foams and forms a carbonized layer, creating a structure in which the particles are interconnected, improving fire prevention and heat insulation properties at high temperatures. provide quality particles.

The particles according to the present invention will be explained in detail below using the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a typical example of particles according to the present invention, and 1 is a particle in which the surface of an organic granular material 2 serving as a skeleton material is foamed at high temperature and a carbonized layer is formed. The coating layer 4 is coated with the composition 3 to be formed. To explain in more detail, the organic particulate matter 2 has about 1 to 20 ? It has a particle size of approximately Note that the appearance is not necessarily limited to the spherical diameter, and includes elliptical, polygonal, and various other shapes. Furthermore, the organic granules 2 are divided into two types from the viewpoint of structure: ◎ porous particles (foamed particles), ◎ hollow particles, and ◎ solid particles. Specifically, ■ is a synthetic resin foam chip, ■ is a primary or secondary foamed styrene bead, and ◎ is a synthetic resin board chip.
Rubber, etc. Furthermore, the composition that coats or, in some cases, impregnates the surface of organic granules, forms a foamed carbonized layer using the granules as cores, thereby forming a lightweight, fire-proofing and heat-insulating layer with little dimensional change. That is, the coating layer 4 is composed of the composition 3 as described below. Composition 3 is categorized based on its main components: ■ A composition consisting of an organic polymer and a blowing agent, ■ A composition consisting of an organic polymer, a blowing agent and a carbonization accelerator, and ■ A composition consisting of an organic polymer, a blowing agent, and a carbonization accelerator. There is a composition consisting of an agent. The organic polymer is the main material forming the coating layer and is carbonized at high temperatures. Briefly, synthetic resins are mainly used as organic polymers. It also includes synthetic resins to which adjunct materials for forming coatings, such as solvents or diluents, are added for the purpose of improving flowability or forming a coating layer. Although the blending ratio of the organic polymer, the blowing agent, and the blowing agent/carbonization accelerator is arbitrary, the amount of the organic polymer needs to be the minimum amount that can cover the organic granules.
Here, specific examples of the above organic polymers, that is, synthetic resins, are explained: polyvinyl acetate resin, polyurethane resin, melamine resin, urea resin, aminoalkyd resin, urea melamine-vinyl acetate resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin. Copolymer emulsion, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinyridine chloride resin, epoxy resin, tarepoxy resin, polyester resin, silicone resin, acrylic resin, phenol resin, alkylphenol resin, alkyd resin, butadiene resin, unsaturated polyester resin, These include phthalic acid resins, chlorinated rubber resins, styrene resins, carboxymethyl cellulose, and resins modified from these.In addition, not only one type of the above resins can be used, but several types can also be used in combination.Also, solvents, diluents, etc. Agents, such as water, triol, xylol, ethyl acetate, etc., are added in arbitrary amounts as necessary.As the above-mentioned blowing agents or blowing agents and carbonization accelerators, azodicarboxamide, dicyandiamide, ammonium phosphate, betaelite, Heramine, urea, ammonium oxalate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium acetate, halogenated hydrocarbon borate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium pyrophosphate, ammonium orthophosphate, guanidine phosphate, urea phosphate, melamine phosphate, primary phosphoric acid Ammon diphosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide, polyphosphoric acid,
Ammonium molybdate, ammonium borate, ammonium sulfate, guanylurea sulfamate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate, trimethylphosphate, triethylphosphate, tributylphosphate, dimethylphosphate, diallylphosphate
triphenyl phosphate, ammonium carbamate, biuret, sulfamic acid, ammonium sulfamate, ammonium carbonate, ferric oxide, chromium oxide, sodium carbonate, ammonium persulfate, ammonium silica phosphate, tris(B-chloroethyl) Phosphate to tris(diglorbropyr) phosphate, etc. In many cases, it is not clear whether the above-mentioned substances are foaming agents or foaming agents and carbonization accelerators. In some cases, it also acts as a smoke suppressant, such as halogenated phosphate esters. Furthermore, in use, not only one type but also several types can be used in combination. In addition, a smoke suppressant, an afterflame suppressant, and the like may be added to Composition 3. As smoke suppressants, iron, zinc compounds, alkali or alkali metal salts of boric acid, condensation products of boric acid and alcohol, hydrated alumina, and solid carboxylic acids such as adipic acid, fumaric acid, and chlorendic acid are added. In some cases.
Boric acid is used as an afterflame suppressant. Further addition of fibrous materials, such as glass fibers, asbestos materials, etc., allows the carbonized foam layer to have a larger foam shape. Next, an example will be explained.

Example 1 Organic granules... Particle size 3 skin styrene beads (secondary foaming) composition... Polyvinyl acetate resin... 70 Talic acid-ammonium...
...45 tabenta erythritol...20 tadicyandiamide...30 t'a} Water...10 t Then, as shown in Figure 2a, dry about 6
A coating layer 4 having a thickness of 0 microns was formed.

This was exposed to a high temperature of about 600 qo for about 6 minutes. When this particle 1 was cut, it was found that the bead portion had a void, and a porous coating layer 4 formed by foaming and carbonization to about 1 diaphragm was formed on the outer periphery of the void. Example 2 Organic particulate material...Tris(2-chloroethyl)
Hard polyurethane foam containing 40% phosphate
Approximately 1 chip per 0.00 g of mixed composition... Phenolic resin
100 Tabenta erythritol 40 Sodium fluoride 10 Titris (2-fromethyl) phosphate The test was conducted as above.

When these particles were cut and observed, it was found that a porous carbonized layer was formed on the particles, and that the coating layer 4 was integrally formed with the porous carbonized layer.
The vowels were foaming and a carbonized layer was formed. Example 3 Organic particulates: polyisocyanurate foam chips approximately 1 Elevation angle composition: melamine resin 100 antimony polyphosphate 4
Glass fiber (fiber length: about 1 c) After 10 minutes, the composition was coated on the surface of the granules as shown in FIG. 2c in the same manner as above, and then a foaming test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1.

When this was cut and observed, it was found that the particles had formed a porous body with a carbon skeleton. Furthermore, the porous body, glass fibers, and foamed carbonized composition were integrally bonded to the outer periphery. In other words, if these particles are mixed in, for example, polyurethane foam (soft, hard, flame retardant-containing), polyisocyanurate foam, phenol foam, etc., the particles will have a structure that interconnects them at high temperatures. It is what it is. What has been described above is only one embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in FIG. 3, it is also possible to attach inorganic fine particles to the outer periphery of the coating layer.

As mentioned above, the expandable granules of the present invention have a coating layer formed by coating the surface of the organic material with an organic composition, so that "wetness" with the synthetic resin body or the raw material for synthetic resin foam is good. Can be homogeneously dispersed.

■The skeleton material is flammable organic granules, and in the event of a fire, even if the skeleton material is destroyed by fire, the coating layer will carbonize and remain in a foamed state, so it becomes a fireproofing material that functions as a fireproof insulation layer. . ■Becomes a lightweight fireproofing material. It has characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of the lightweight foamable granular material according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 a, b, and c are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing other examples, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example. 1...Lightweight foamable granules, 2...Organic granules, 3...Composition, 4...Coating layer. Diagram of O Zuzu 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lightweight foamable granular material, characterized in that the outer surface of the organic granular material is covered with a coating layer made of a composition that foams at high temperatures and forms a carbonized layer.