JPS60228A - Hot-water supplying and room heating system utilizing solar heat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize the efficient utilization of solar heat and auxiliary heat source and remove a limit for a place of installation by a method wherein the heat of the auxiliary heat source is prevented from flowing into a heat collector and the connection of pipelines is contrived. CONSTITUTION:A switching circuit, consisting of a solar heat collector 1, a heat accumulating tank 2, a water and heat medium heat exchanger 24, an expansion tank 6, a circulating pump 9 and thermally operated valves 10, 11 are connected by the pipelines A, B, C, D to form a heat collecting circuit. A boiler 3, a boiler hot-water and heat medium heat exchanger 4, a heat exchanger 5 for room heating, an automatic mixing valve 13, circulating pumps 7, 8 and said switching circuit are connected through the pipelines F, G, K, L to form a room heating circuit. Further, the tank 2, the boiler 3 and the automatic mixing valve 12 are connected through the pipeline C to form a hot-water supplying circuit. Furthermore, the thermally operated valves 10, 11 are provided with a penetrating path for the extraction of air in the room heating circuit and releasing the expanded hot-water of the room heating circuit while a control unit 21, consisting of temperature sensors 16, 17, thermostats 18-20 and the like and controlling the operations of the thermally operated valves 10, 11, and the circulating pumps 7-9, are provided in this system.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (1) Technical field of @Ming The present invention relates to a solar heat utilization system, specifically a solar heat collector,
This invention relates to a hot water supply and heating system using solar #4 solar power, which includes a heat storage tank boiler, etc.

(2) Background of the technology At present, hot water supply and heating systems using solar heat collectors are widely used, and are used, for example, to supply hot water to kitchens and bathrooms in general households, as well as for indoor heating, and are highly regarded as pollution-free and energy-saving systems. It is curved.

This system mainly consists of a solar heat collector, a storage capacity of 45 tanks, which stores hot water that has absorbed solar heat in this solar heat collector.
The components are a heat exchanger for heating purposes and an auxiliary heat source such as a boiler, and these are connected by piping via a pump and a switching valve.

Water or antifreeze is used as a heat medium, and a heat pump or the like may be used in addition to a boiler.

(3) Prior art and problems A variety of connection force methods have been provided for each device in the configuration described above, and although each has its own characteristics, all of them have problems with the system configuration and are low in thermal power. Therefore, there is a demand for a solar hot water supply and heating system with improved efficiency due to a new configuration.

Conventional systems consist of a single circuit that includes a boiler and an auxiliary heat source, so heat from the boiler flows to the solar collector, causing the problem that the thermal efficiency of the collector and boiler cannot be fully utilized. . Also, if the heat medium is water,
There are problems such as accumulation of water scale and corrosion due to rust in the cargo hold, and rupture of the resistance layer due to freezing.

In particular, a single steel pipe is bent several times and placed, and a heat insulating material such as urethane is placed on it, then it is sandwiched between two panels to create a temporary shape (hereinafter referred to as a floor heating panel). In floor heating systems that provide hot water heating, the above-mentioned corrosion caused by water and pipe bursting due to freezing are serious problems.

In addition, in floor heating, f44 can be achieved by using solar heat.
~60°C4+i! (Even though it is -7, the component parts are expensive, and the boiler etc. are still needed because the temperature of the hot water is -7) The current situation is that 1. Solar heat utilization is not being used sufficiently.Therefore, there is a problem of a lot of wasted energy.

(4) Purpose of the Invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems by providing a hot water supply and heating system using solar heat, which improves the low thermal efficiency caused by the conventional single circuit, and which can also be used with conventional floor heating systems. The purpose is to provide.

(5) Structure and object of the invention According to the present invention, a solar heat collector, a heat storage tank, a water/thermal medium heat exchanger provided in the heat storage tank,
A heat collection circuit, a boiler, in which a switching circuit consisting of an expansion tank, a first circulation pump, and a thermal valve is connected by piping;
A heating circuit in which a switching circuit consisting of the boiler hot water/limited 5-medium heat exchanger, heating heat medium device, first automatic mixing HARTZ, second and third circulation pumps, and the above-mentioned thermal valve is connected by piping. This is a hot water supply and heating system using solar heat, which is composed of a hot water supply circuit that connects the heat storage tank, the boiler, and the second automatic mixing valve with piping. A control device consisting of a temperature sensor, a thermostatic sensor 1-, etc., which controls the N passage for removing air from the I-Raku and releasing the expansion, and the operation of the thermal valve, the first, second, and third circulation pumps. This has been achieved by providing a hot water supply and heating system using solar heat, which is characterized by the provision of a heating medium, and by using antifreeze as the heat medium, it is possible to construct a system that does not cause piping to burst due to freezing. If you use a total exchanger panel, you can provide a hot water supply floor heating system using solar heat.In addition, in the switching circuit ll'8 consisting of thermal valves, the valves and piping connections are connected through the unit. ,
6) A hot water supply and heating system can be provided, and the object of the present invention can be achieved in either case.

(6) Examples of the invention Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, taking floor heating as an example.

Figure 1 is a system diagram of floor heating using the solar hot water supply and heating system according to the present invention. A certain boiler, 4 is a heat exchange device between heating heat medium and hot water generated by the boiler, 5 is a 1J floor heating panel, 6 is an expansion tank open to the atmosphere, 1, 8 and 9 are circulation pumps,! ,0.
1.1 is a thermal valve with a heater 25, and 12.13 is an automatic mixing HARZ valve. Both valves utilize the thermal expansion of a wax thermostat and are pressure valves.

Further, No. 4-14 is a pressure reducing check valve that regulates the supply of tap water to the M heat tank 2, 15 is a normal HARTZ, 22 is an automatic air vent valve, and 23 is a safety valve.

Also, reference numeral 16 is a solar heat collector (hereinafter abbreviated as a heat collector)
■The high temperature side sensor placed in 17 is the low temperature side sensor placed in the heat storage tank 2, and 18 is the heat! 1IJJ valve 1
0 and 11 are control thermostats, 19 is a heating thermostat, and 20 is a differential temperature thermostat that controls the operation of the pump 9 based on the difference in temperature detected by the high temperature side sensor 16 and the low temperature side sensor 17. As shown by broken lines, pumps 7.8.9 and heaters 25 are centrally controlled by a control device 21. Note that the solid lines indicated by symbols A, B, C, etc. are distribution lines.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the main parts of the control device 20, in which gradients 16.1', 7.20 are the high temperature side sensor, low temperature side sensor, and differential temperature sensor shown with the same symbols in FIG. 1, respectively. The pump 9 shown in FIG. 1 is controlled by a thermostat, 31 is an AC power source, and 32 is a differential temperature thermostat 20.
Actuating devices 33 and 36 are similarly connected to actuators 35 and 9 in FIG.
6- In No. 10 and 11, the power supply to the heater 25 is controlled by the thermal brake control device. -Also Sl
, S2 and S3 respectively indicate switches, Sl is a heating operation switch, S3 is a switch that is opened and closed by the room thermos valve and operates the actuating device 33 of the pump 7, and S2 is a changeover switch for testing or automatic operation. , S4
is a J changeover switch which is switched by a thermostat 18 and controls the heat switch L1 (L1) and the pump 8.The switching temperatures of the switches S3 and S4 and the operating temperature of the pump 9 are set as appropriate.

In the above-described configuration, water is used as the heat medium in the boiler 3 and the link 2, and antifreeze is used as the medium 4)J and 5 in the heat storage heating circuit centered on the external heat collector 1. Figure 3 shows the state of the water and antifreeze when the system is in (V stop C), piping A, B, I shown by solid lines, E, I-', G, L. .

Antifreeze is shown in K and J, and C21-1 is shown in broken lines.
,1,M,Q and heat storage tank2. Boiler 3 contains water (circuits other than those described above are omitted). The circuit using antifreeze as a heat medium consists of a thermal valve 11, a heat exchanger 1, a heat exchanger 24, a pump 9, and a pipe A.
, B, D, and E, and a closed circuit consisting of the floor heating panel 5, heat exchanger 4, pump 7□, and piping F, G, J, and L.

” 2. Air constriction and expansion escape in a sealed circuit are as follows:
This is done using the expansion tank 6 by providing micro holes that penetrate the thermal valve 10 in the d and f directions (FIG. 1). In this case, the size of the micropores should be such that it does not impede the flow of antifreeze in the closed circuit, and this size is sufficient to be effective, resulting in the advantage that one expansion tank is sufficient.

Note that the thermal valve 10 is installed between the piping and E instead of the through hole.
It is okay to take one detour without passing through. In this case, the detour is also assumed not to obstruct the flow of the antifreeze 11, similar to the through hole.

Next, various operations in the solar hot water supply and heating system will be explained with reference to FIG. 4 and subsequent figures.

Figure 4 is a system diagram showing the flow of the heat medium when only pretreatment is performed when heating is stopped in summer and winter. 4- Only the parts that are marked are shown with solid lines, and the other parts are shown with broken lines. Note that the arrows attached to the arrangement indicate the flow direction of the heat medium in Table 1-6. When heating is not performed, the switch S1 is opened in the control circuit 111B (hereinafter referred to as "control circuit") in Fig. 2. Therefore, the pump 9 is operated by the differential temperature sensor 7, and at this time, the (a-1-1) direction of the valve 11 is connected.
Thermal valve "0" is connected in the d- and e directions.

Therefore, in this case, as shown in FIG.
1? The temperature (j:'
Is there a difference when the temperature detected by i1 hot side sensor 16) and the hot water temperature in heat storage tank 2 (detected by low temperature side sensor 17? with the secondary tank) are 7 or 8°C? ! 3/4
Stop when it reaches °C. In this way, high temperature water is stored in the heat storage tank 9.

Fig. 5 is a system diagram showing the system operation during heating operation in clear weather H in winter, where switch S1 is closed in advance to perform heating, switch S3 is closed by the room thermosk, and switch S4 is a contact point. It is lying on the high temperature side of 38.

Pumps 7 and 9 are therefore operated, and thermal valves 11.
10 The connection is switched to the a-c direction and the d-f direction (Fig. 1), and the high temperature antifreeze lrk leaving the heat collector 1 passes through the pipe B, the thermal valve 11, and the pump 7 to the automatic mixing HARTS. 13, enters the pipe 1〈, and then after exchanging heat with the floor heating panel 5, it passes through the distribution L, the thermal valve 10. It then returns to the heat collector 1 via the pump. In addition, when the antifreeze temperature reaches the set temperature or higher, the self-mixing tank half 13 automatically switches to the connection between pipe F and pipe I (and when the temperature drops below the set temperature, the original connection between pipe F and pipe G is resumed). It becomes. (
The solar heat obtained can be used for both heating and heat storage.

Figure 6 shows the situation when the sun is shining in winter, but the outlet temperature of the collector 1 is below the set temperature. At this time, switches SL and S3 in the control f1111 circuit are closed as in Figure 5. However, the switch S4 is tilted to the low temperature side of the contact 37. The thermal valves are therefore connected in the same way as in FIG. 4, but each time the contact 37 is closed, all pumps 7, 8, 9 are activated, and the boiler 3 is operated by the drive device shown in FIG. Ru. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the system is operated with two circuits, a heat collection side circuit and a heating side circuit using the boiler 3, as shown in FIG.

4J5 Fi! ! Since the side is the same as that in Fig. 4, we will only explain the heating side circuit.Since the temperature of the antifreeze in pipe F is low, the automatic mixing valve 13 is connected to pipe F-
Switching to the direction of pipe G, antifreeze passes through pipe F, automatic mixing valve 13, and pipe G by pump 7, receives heat from the hot water of boiler 3 in heat exchanger 4, and then enters pipe K from pipe J for heating. After being sent to the panel 5 and radiating heat, it is piped and enters the pipe F via the thermal valve 10, where the above circulation is repeated. On the other hand, hot water from the boiler 3 is circulated by the pump 8 through the pipe H1, the heat exchanger 4, and the pipe 1 in this order.

By operating with two circuits as described above, the energy from the boiler 3 does not flow to the heat collecting side, so energy can be used effectively without reducing the thermal efficiency of the heat collector 1.

FIG. 7 is a system diagram of the system for heating and hot water supply during the winter season, in which the boiler 3 performs heating while the system operates to supply hot water stored in the heat storage tank 2 during the day.

In this case, the switches S1 and S3 of the control device are closed, and the switch S4 is tilted toward the contact 37, but the pump 9 cannot be operated by the differential temperature thermostat 1-20 because heat storage has been completed. It won't happen. Therefore, (as shown in Figure 7, the heating circuit is the same as in Figure 6, and the silver heat side is not diverted.Then, the hot water in the heat storage tank 2 is passed from the upper part of the tank 2 through the pipe C to the automatic mixing heater. 12. Supplied via pipe R.

Note that the mixing heart 12 is switched to connect the pipe C and the pipe 17 due to the temperature rise in the pipe C (50 to 60° C.). Also, at the same time as hot water supply, the heat storage tank 2
tap water is supplied from the bottom.

Figure 8 shows that the hot water temperature is 30 to 40℃ in the hot water supply.
In this case, the automatic mixing valve J2 switches to connect pipes C and Q, and the low-temperature hot water from the heat storage tank 2 is led to the boiler 3 and heated, and then It is supplied from the distribution fi'l'.

The heating is the same as in Figure 7.

Figures 9 and 10 show a system for only supplying hot water. When the hot water stored in the heat storage tank 2 by heat collection is higher than the set temperature, hot water is directly supplied as shown in Figure 9, and the hot water temperature is 30. When the temperature is as low as ~40'C, the automatic mixing HARTZ 12 switches over as shown in FIG. 10, heats the water in the boiler 3, and then supplies it from the pipe T.

When performing a trial run or test of the system in Togoro, when switch S2 on the control device is closed, the antifreeze fluid circulates through all circuits on the heat collection side and the heating side. This has the effect of making it easier to vent and allowing stable system operation.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of the heat collection and heating circuit switching section consisting of thermal valves 10 and 11 and piping in this system. connection part 45 and piping l (not shown)
Four unions 41A connect the piping with the connection 46 to the
Connect via 2.43.44. Note that the arrow indicates the flow direction of the antifreeze.

By adopting such a configuration, the orientation of each of the connecting portions a, 45°d, and 46 can be freely selected, and the restriction on installation due to the installation location can be reduced by 1/j.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the orientation of each connection part in the configuration of FIG. An example of orientation in the plane, (bl, (C), the piping and connection part 46 are YZ
Plane, connection part a, 45. An example where d is in a plane parallel to XZ parallel, +d+ is an example where one of the connections in C1, for example a, is oriented in a plane parallel to the yz plane, (el is a connection part a, 45. d,
46 are all oriented in the direction perpendicular to the paper 1 li, (fl, fg) is one pipe on the YZ plane, (hl is on the XY plane
Located in a plane parallel to the plane, connecting portion a, 45. d.

In this example, 46 faces each direction.

Note that the orientation examples are not limited to those described above, and are appropriately selected depending on the installation location.

It goes without saying that the solar hot water supply and heating system of the present invention described above can be applied to heating using a fan unit in addition to floor heating panels, but in heating using an existing boiler, The system of the present invention can be easily configured by adding parts other than the boiler heating path to the system, and hot water supply and heating can be performed with good thermal efficiency.

In addition, since the system of the present invention uses a three-way valve using a Wanox thermostat for circuit switching, it can operate stably with fewer failures than electrically operated valves such as city magnetic valves and motor-operated valves, and is inexpensive. In addition to having the advantage of being
% Since antifreeze is used as the heating medium in the heating circuit, there is no need to worry about pipes bursting due to freezing.

(7) Effects of the Invention As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, the heat of the auxiliary heat source does not flow to the heat collector, so efficient use of solar PL and the auxiliary heat source is realized, and piping connections are reduced. ] By using two people, we can provide a solar hot water/heating system that eliminates restrictions on installation location, which is highly effective in saving energy and simplifying construction work.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a solar hot water supply and heating system according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram of the control circuit of the system, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the arrangement of heat carriers in the system, and Figs. Figure 10 is a system diagram showing the various operating states of the system.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the piping configuration of the connection portion between the six heat collecting circuits and the heating circuit in the system, and FIG. 12 is a diagram showing various orientation states of the connection portion. ] - Solar J: 4 Heat collectors, 2 - Heat storage tank, 3 - Boiler, 4..24 - Water to antifreeze heat exchanger, 5 - Floor heating panel, 6 - I11 tension tank, 7.s, 9 -shiki pump, 10, 1
1-1 thermal valve, 12. i3-Automatic mixer valve,
16.17" - temperature sensor, 18.19 = - thermostat, 20 - differential temperature thermostat, 21 - control device,
25-Heater, 32,33.36-Pump operating device, 34.3-Thermal valve control fill device, 4L42,4
3.44---Union Patent Applicant Nebon Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Akira Moto Kuki Figure 11 Figure 1 Indication of 1982 Patent Application No. 104267 2 Name of the invention Solar hot water supply and heating system 3 Person making the amendment 4) Relationship to the matter Patent applicant Zobyakuniya Address 1-4-2-4 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Agent Person 6: The number of inventions increases due to the amendment Amended the missing "solar hot water supply and heating system" to "solar hot water supply and heating system", ,...K, JJ are corrected as "Piping A, H. D, E and F, G, J, K, L J," (
3. Meisei Hyo No. 11, ``difference'' is not added after F4CJ in the first line. I have submitted pages 1, 2, 8, and 11 of the book Mei aI, which have been amended as above, and I would like to replace them with the original ones. (4) Submit a new drawing showing the corrected Figure 3. Figure 4 shows the part filled in with a stamp on the copy of the attachment. 9. Inventory of attachment documents (1) Amended specification page 1, page 2, page 8, 1 each.
Page 11 of the same (2) Drawing showing the amended Figure 3 1 copy (3) Copy of Figure 4 (showing the corrected part)] Usual Description 1, Title of the invention Solar hot water supply and heating system 2, Scope of claims (υHeat construction consisting of a switching circuit consisting of a solar heat collector, a heat storage tank, a water/heat medium heat exchanger installed in the heat storage tank, an expansion tank, a first circulation pump, and a thermal valve, connected by piping) A switching circuit consisting of a circuit, a boiler, a boiler hot water/thermal medium heat exchanger, a heating heat exchanger, a first automatic mixing valve, a second and third circulation pump, and the above-mentioned thermal valve is connected by piping. A hot water supply and heating system using solar heat, which comprises a hot water supply circuit formed by connecting the heat storage tank, the boiler and the second automatic mixing valve with piping, and the heating circuit is connected to the thermal valve of the switching circuit. It is characterized by being provided with a through passage for venting air and escaping expansion, and a control device consisting of a temperature sensor, thermostat, etc. for controlling the operation of the thermal valve, the first, second, and third circulation pumps. A hot water supply and heating system using solar heat. (2) A hot water supply and heating system using solar heat according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat medium is an antifreeze liquid. A hot water supply and heating system using solar heat according to claim 2, characterized in that it is a panel.(41) In the switching circuit consisting of the thermal valve,
2. The solar hot water supply and heating system according to claim 1, wherein the piping connections are connected via a unit so that the connection can be oriented freely. 3. Detailed description of the invention (1) Technical field of the invention The present invention is a solar heat utilization system, specifically a solar heat collector,
This article relates to a solar hot water supply and heating system consisting of a heat storage tank, a boiler, etc. (2) Background of the technology At present, hot water heating systems using solar heat collectors are widely used.
and the actuating device for the pump 8, 34°35, which is not shown by reference numerals 10 and 11 in FIG.
Controls the energization of \. Further, SL, S2゜S3 respectively indicate switches, SL is a heating operation switch, S3 is a switch that is opened and closed by the room thermostat and operates the actuating device 33 of the pump 7, S2 is a changeover switch for testing or automatic operation, S4 is a changeover switch that is switched by the thermostat 18 and controls the thermal valve 10, 11 and the pump 8. Note that the switching temperatures of the switches S3 and S4 and the operating temperature of the pump 9 are set as appropriate. In the above configuration, water is used as the heat medium in the boiler 3 and the heat storage tank 2, and antifreeze is used as the heat medium in the heat storage heating circuit centered on the heat collector 1. Third
The figure shows the state of the water and antifreeze when the system is stopped, and the pipes A, B, D shown by solid lines,
E, F, G, J. Antifreeze is in K and L, and piping C1H and I are indicated by broken lines.
, M, Q and M heat tanks2. Water is contained in the boiler 3 (circuits other than those mentioned above stop when the difference is 4°C). Thus, high-temperature water is stored in the M heat tank 9. In the system diagram showing the system operation during operation, the switch S1 is closed in advance to perform heating, the switch S3 is closed by the room thermostat, and the switch S4 is tilted to the high temperature side of the contact 38. Pumps 7 and 9 are operated and thermal valve 11.
1.0 The connection is switched to the a-c direction and the d-f direction (Fig. 1), and the high temperature antifreeze that exits the heat collector 1 is transferred to pipe B.
,, enters the pipe K via the thermal valve 11 and the pump 7, and the automatic mixing valve 13, then after heat exchange with the floor heating panel 5, is connected to the pipe, and passes through the thermal valve 10 and the pipe E to the heat exchanger 2.
4, it exchanges heat with the hot water in the heat storage tank 2, and then returns to the heat collector 1 via the pump. In addition, automatic mixing valve 13
automatically closes the pipe F when the antifreeze temperature exceeds the set temperature.
When the temperature drops below the set temperature, the connection is changed to the original pipes F and G again. The solar heat thus obtained can be used effectively for both heating and heat storage as shown in Figure 3.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A switching circuit consisting of a solar heat collector, a heat storage tank, a water/thermal medium heat exchanger installed in the heat storage tank, an expansion tank, a first circulation pump, and a thermal valve are connected via piping.
A thermal circuit consisting of a boiler, a hot water exchanger for the boiler, a heating heat exchanger, a first automatic mixing tank, a second and third ring pump, and the above-mentioned thermal pump. A hot water supply and heating system using solar heat, comprising a heating circuit in which a switching circuit consisting of a valve is connected by piping, and a hot water supply circuit in which the heat storage tank, the boiler and a second automatic mixing valve are connected by piping. , a through passage for the air vent of the heating circuit and an expansion release river to the thermal valve of the switching circuit, and control of the operation of the first, second, and third circulation pumps of the first valve,
A hot water/heating system using solar heat is characterized by the installation of a control device consisting of a temperature sensor, thermostat, etc. (2) The solar hot water supply and heating system according to claim 1, wherein the heat medium is an antifreeze liquid. (3) The solar hot water supply and heating system according to claim 2, wherein the heating heat exchanger is a floor heating panel. (4) In the switching circuit consisting of the thermal valve, the thermal valve,
2. The solar hot water supply and heating system according to claim 1, wherein the piping connection portions are connected via a UNISO, and the connection can be oriented freely.