JPS60220242A - Actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to downsize the whole part of the titled actuator and to thin the thickness thereof by making the titled actuator suitable for use in door locking in an automobile or the like and rotatably mounting or fixing a ring gear of a reduction mechanism by a clutch mechanism thereby enbling an automatic operation and a manual operation. CONSTITUTION:Rotary actuating means 5, an electromagnetic clutch 9 and a reduction mechanism 13 are disposed within a case 1. The reduction mechanism 13 comprises a sun gear 14 coupled to a rotary shaft 6 of the rotation actuating means 5, a plurality of planetary gears 15, a ring gear 11 rotatably mounted or fixed onto the case by means of an electromagnetic clutch 9, and a gear plate 18 coupled to the output stage. A first external-tooth gear 15a of the planetary gear 15 is meshed with the sun gear 14 and the internal-tooth gear of the ring gear 11, and a second external-tooth gear 15b is meshed with the internal-tooth gear of the gear plate 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an actuator used to automatically operate, for example, a locking/unlocking lever of an automobile door lock.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as an actuator used for this type of automobile door lock, etc., for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-47551
There is something like the one described in the publication.

That is, as shown in FIG. 9, actuator (a)
The rotating shaft of the motor (b), which is disposed at the outer lower part of the case fa), is connected to the fan-shaped recess through the reduction gear train (c, XC, Xc,) in the case (a) that meshes with each other. (d
It is connected to the final gear (C4) which has been drilled. A swingable bottle (f) whose base end is fixed to the shaft (e) is provided in the recess (d), and an elastic body ( g) is provided.

The shaft (e) includes a swing arm (h) and a connecting rod (j) that actuate a lock/unlock detection switch (not shown).
through the car door lock (barrel lock lever (4)
(See Figure 8).

Note that (... is a manual lock operation mechanism, and (n) is a door panel.

However, by operating a switch on the driver's seat, etc., the motor fb
When power is applied to l, the bottle (
f) is suppressed by a force n by the fourth part (a) of the final gear (C4), and is restrained so that the elastic body (g) is in a slightly flexed state.

When the motor (b) is de-energized by the activation of the lock/unlock detection switch, the final gear (C4) is returned to its original position by the bending reaction force accumulated on the elastic body (gl).

Manual lock operation mechanism (when you operate -, the pin (f)
Just by shaking your head inside the recess (d), the reduction gear (cl) ~ (
C,) are not linked. Therefore, the manual operation force is reduced.
Ru.

However, since the actuator having the above-described structure performs deceleration using a spur gear train, the number of gear trains is inevitably increased in order to obtain the set reduction ratio, resulting in a disadvantage that the overall size becomes large.

Unfortunately, after the operation is finished, the final gear (C4) is returned to its original position using the bending force of the elastic body, so even after the operation is finished, an abnormal noise is generated and the reliability of the operation is affected. There were problems, and there were also defects that made the structure complicated.

As a solution to the above-mentioned problems, Jikoko 58-1
Publication No. 0853 describes motors, reducers, electromagnetic clutches,
An actuator is disclosed having output levers arranged in series. However, in this actuator, the electromagnetic clutch is placed between the final part of the reducer and the output lever to connect and disconnect the reducer and the output lever, so the mounting position of the electromagnetic clutch is limited. Furthermore, the size and thickness of the actuator are increased, which makes it unsuitable for placement in a narrow area such as inside a door, and the structure is also complicated.

(Object of the Invention) In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention aims to simplify and downsize the structure, and to significantly reduce the reduction ratio when transmitting power from the rotary drive means side to the output means side. and when transmitting power from the output means side to the rotational drive means side, the reduction ratio can be made extremely small,
Therefore, the present invention aims to provide an actuator that can be smoothly operated manually.

(Structure of the Invention) An actuator according to the present invention includes a sun gear, a first gear disposed coaxially with the sun gear, and a first actuator that is rotatable relative to each other.
, a second internal gear, a first external gear that meshes with the first internal gear and the sun gear, and a second external gear that meshes with the second internal gear, are integrally coaxial. planetary gears arranged in the same manner, and the mutual number of teeth of the first and second internal gears is at least n of the mutual number of teeth of the first and second external gears. A speed reduction mechanism whose force differs by at least one tooth is housed in the case and connects the sun gear to the rotational drive means and the second internal gear to the output means; It is characterized by linking the gear with a clutch mechanism that can lock or release its rotation.

[First Embodiment] Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 5.

(1) is a hollow box-shaped case, with a right-facing U-shaped box part (2) on the left side and a semi-cylindrical part (3) on the right side facing each other at the center, and the opening (1a) is , is closed by the lid plate (4), and has mounting pieces (1b) (
1b) are connected in series.

(5) is a rotational drive means, that is, a motor, which is housed in the semi-cylindrical part (3) of the case (1) and is connected to a rotating shaft (6) from the center of the boss part (5a) facing the front. protrudes horizontally, and the free end of this rotating shaft (6) is connected to the cover plate (4).
It is rotatably supported by a cylindrical bearing (7) provided at the center of the inner end surface (4a) of the cylindrical bearing (7).

(8) is a field core containing a cylindrical coil (8a), and a clutch mechanism, that is, an electromagnetic clutch (
9), and is fixed between the motor (5) and the case (1).

A ring-shaped friction plate OI that constitutes the external force of the electromagnetic clutch (9) is arranged on the front surface of the field core (8) with a slight gap, and this friction plate OI has a circle with a required radius. Along the circumference, as shown in Fig. 3, a plurality of sliding holes (1
0a) are bored in two rows.

0υ is the first internal gear, that is, the ring gear, which constitutes the reduction mechanism 0J, and the shaft hole (IIa) in the center thereof
The flange portion (o
b) The rear end surface (11C) faces the front surface of the friction plate portion, and internal teeth (11e) are cut into the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion (od) that is continuous with the outer peripheral edge of the front surface. has been done.

As shown in Figure 3, the rear end surface of ring gear 0υ (11e
) is provided with a bottle 02 which is inserted into the sliding hole (xoa) of the friction plate OI.

Therefore, when the electromagnetic clutch (9) is de-energized, the friction plate (IL3) is not attracted to the field core, so the ring gear is rotatable;
9) is excited, the friction plate OI is attracted to the field core (8), so the ring gear 0υ cannot rotate relative to the field core (8), that is, it is fixed to the case (1). Sanru.

FIG. 1 shows a differential gear train that forms the main part of the speed reduction mechanism +13), which is connected to the rotating shaft (
6), the sun gear 00 has an external gear (14a) that is fixed relatively non-rotatably to the ring gear Q11, and the internal gear (14a) of the ring gear Q11
11 (+) and three planetary gears 0 that mesh with both of them.
It consists of rito.

Each of the planetary gears 0 is pivotally connected to a shaft ap that projects at an opening angle of 120 degrees from a carrier plate 1.Oe that is pivotally connected to a rotating shaft (6).

In addition, the planetary gear 0 is the first external gear (xs
a) and two stages of gears, front and rear of the second external gear (1sb), and as shown in FIG. They mesh together.

The α ladder is a second internal gear, that is, a gear plate, which constitutes the speed reduction mechanism 03, and has a substantially thin cylindrical shape with an open rear surface, and the shaft hole (LAA) bored in the center of the α ladder is a gear plate. It is pivotally fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the bearing (7).

Moreover, internal teeth (tab) that mesh with the second external gear (tab) of the planetary gear α are cut into the inner circumferential surface of the recess.

In this embodiment, the first external gear (
The number of teeth of 15a) is X, and the second external gear (tab)
By setting the number of teeth to X-1, gear plate 08
The rotational speed transmitted to n is significantly reduced.

Note that the number Y of the internal teeth (11e) of the ring gear 0υ and the number Y of the internal teeth (18b) of the gear plate 08 are Y=Y
It becomes.

As shown in FIG. 4, a boss part fin having a flange part (9a) is connected to the upper surface of the box-shaped part (2) of the case (1), and in the center of this boss part 09, A hole (■) with a rectangular cross section forming the upper and lower sides is bored.

Qυ is an output means, that is, a slider, which has a rectangular columnar shape and is fitted into the hole (2) so as to be slidable in the vertical direction.
zla) and a flange (21b) at the upper end of this main body (zxa).
) and a disc-shaped connecting portion (21C) that is connected to each other via the connecting portion (21C).

The connecting part (21C) has a stepped hole (c) with an enlarged diameter on the front side.
is drilled so that the lower end of a connecting rod (not shown) that is linked to the door lock can be attached. Also, the flange part (21b) and the boss part 0! Tsuba of I (1
A retractable bellows-shaped protective cover Q3 is placed between the
is installed.

The rear and right side of the main body (21a) are the case main body (1)
It is guided by a guide plate installed on the surface of the guide plate, and a concave groove (2+d) whose front surface is open is cut in the lower end of the guide plate.

This concave groove (21) is provided with a projecting piece (18C) extending from the outer circumference of the gear plate 08 toward the rear.
After inserting the free end of the pin (c), the gear plate 08
and slider CI'll are linked to each other.

(E) is a detection means for detecting the movement of the slider Cυ;
That is, a switch switches the motor (
5), and the switch operation part (26a) is provided on the left side of the
The engaging piece (26b) protruding laterally from the slider Qυ is inserted into the groove (21) of the slider Qυ.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the slider Qυ is
When the switch is moved up and down with a stroke of the moving amount (S), the switch is activated at each of the upper limit locked position and the lower limit unlocked position, and this signal is transmitted via a control means (not shown) to the above-mentioned Electromagnetic clutch (9) and motor (5)
and can be brought into a de-energized state.

(Operations and Effects of the First Embodiment) When the actuator is used as an operating means for an automobile door lock, the slider O connection shown in FIG.
21C), a connecting rod (not shown) is connected through the stepped hole 23 to link with the automobile door lock device 5.

When the motor (5) and electromagnetic clutch (9) are energized by operating a switch on the driver's seat, the electromagnetic clutch (9) is energized and the friction plate OI shown in Fig. 2 is activated by the field core (
8) is adsorbed. Therefore, the ring gear aυ, which is relatively non-rotatable, is fixed to this friction plate 01.

The rotation of the motor (5) is sequentially transmitted to the sun gear I, the first external gear (15a) of the planetary gear, the second external gear (15b), and the gear plate θE.

In this case, the first and second external gears (ISA
) (15b), the rotation of the motor (5) is significantly slowed down and transmitted to the gear play )ilFj.

As shown by the arrow in Figure 1, the gear plate has a protrusion of 0 seconds (
18c) is rotated, the slider Qυ and the switch operation part (ZSa) are not raised.

When the projecting piece (18C) and the connecting part (21c) reach the locked position shown by the imaginary line, the slider Qυ moves 1 (8).
With the stroke of , the door lock device remains locked, and at the same time, the switch (A) is activated and the motor (5) is activated.
will be stopped.

When the motor (5) rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow in FIG. It becomes locked, and at the same time the switch (
c) is activated and the motor (5) is stopped.

When manually locking and unlocking the door lock device, the electromagnetic clutch (9) is in a de-energized state, so the ring gear 01) is not fixed but rotatable.

Therefore, when the slider Qυ is pushed down or pulled up, the gear play He, the planetary gear 0, the ring gear 01), the sun gear 04, and the rotating shaft (6) come together, resulting in the so-called overall displacement. In this state, it rotates by a small angle around the rotation axis (6).

This reduction ratio is 1, and the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (6) is minute, so locking and unlocking operations can be performed smoothly without reversing the reduction mechanism.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention, which uses a swinging arm as an output means in place of the slider of the first embodiment. The motor, electromagnetic clutch, and speed reduction mechanism have the same structure as the first embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.

At the center of the front face of the gear plate (to) on the output side of the speed reduction mechanism (1) housed in the case (5), an output shaft (to) that passes through the cover plate is integrally protruded. There is.

The output means, that is, the intermediate portion of the swing arm 00 is fixed to the outer periphery of the free end of the output shaft (7).

The boss portion (29a) of the lid plate is provided with a pair of left and right protruding walls that protrude symmetrically. The switch (to) is
It is arranged within the rotation locus of the lower end (aXa) of the swing arm Gυ.

When the swing arm 011 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise in FIG. 6, that is, in the locked/unlocked position, the operating piece (31
b) are in contact with the limit switch (to), respectively.

A hole (b) is bored in the upper end of the swing arm cll+.
The swinging arm OB is linked to an automobile door lock via a connecting rod (not shown) connected to this hole (b).

In addition, (27a) is a case (goods) protruding from the top and bottom.
It is a mounting piece.

When the motor (5) and the electric/magnetic clutch (9) are energized by operating the switch on the driver's seat, the rotational force of the motor (5) is decelerated and transmitted to the output shaft (to), as shown in the image in Figure 6. As shown by the line, the swing arm OB rotates clockwise, and when it reaches the locked position, the limit switch (c) is activated and the motor (5) is stopped via a control means (not shown). Ran.

When the motor (5) is reversely rotated and reaches the unlocked position, the limit switch (to) is activated, and the rotation of the swing arm (01) is similarly stopped at the required angle.

When rotating the swing arm 6υ by manual operation,
As described in the first embodiment, since the electromagnetic clutch (9) is in a de-energized state, the ring gear 00 is not fixed.
Locking and unlocking operations can be performed smoothly.

The second embodiment has the advantage that the structure is simpler than the first embodiment, the number of parts can be reduced, and the whole can be made smaller.

(Modification) In the above-described embodiment, the speed reduction mechanism is the first planetary gear.
, the number of teeth of the second external gears was slightly different from each other to achieve deceleration, but the first one of these planetary gears
, the number of teeth of the second external gear may be the same, and only the number of teeth of the first and second internal gears may be slightly different.

Further, in the above embodiment, an electromagnetic clutch was used as a means for fixing or releasing the first internal gear of the reduction mechanism, that is, as a clutch mechanism, but a band brake device may be used as another means for fixing the ring gear. It may also be used by drilling a hole in the ring gear and engaging the solenoid pin in this hole when necessary to move the ring gear.
It may be fixed or released.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail, the actuator according to the present invention includes a rotational drive means and a clutch mechanism.

The deceleration mechanism is housed in a case, and the ring gear of the deceleration mechanism is rotatable or fixed using a clutch mechanism, allowing for automatic and manual operation, which reduces the overall size and thickness. It can be made thinner, making it suitable for installation on automobile doors, etc.

In particular, in the present invention, when transmitting power from the rotary drive means side to the output means side, the reduction ratio can be made significantly large, and the clutch mechanism can be released to transmit power from the output means side to the rotary drive means side. When power is transmitted, the reduction ratio becomes extremely small, which has the advantage of reducing the operating force needed to manually operate the output means, as described above.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing the first embodiment of the present invention with the cover plate removed from the case, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is , FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG.
A vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in the figure, Figure 5 is the V in Figure 1.
6 and 7 show the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a front view, FIG. 7 is a central longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a conventional automobile door lock operation mechanism, and FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the actuator in FIG. 8. (1) @Case (4) @Cover plate (5) Motor (rotation drive means) (6) Rotating shaft (9) Electromagnetic clutch (clutch mechanism) 0C friction plate 0υ ring gear (1st internal gear) 03 Reduction mechanism α9 planetary gear (+sa)th] External gear (tab) 2nd external gear αe
Carrier plate θ8 @ gear plate (second internal gear) (2+1 slider (output means) (c) pin (to) switch (detection means) (26a) Switch operation part (7) Output shaft Gυ swing arm (output (Means) (To) Limit switch (Detection means)

Claims (1)

[Claims] a sun gear; 5 first and second internal gears that are arranged coaxially with the sun gear and are rotatable relative to each other; and a first external tooth that meshes with the first internal gear and the sun gear. the gear and the second external gear that meshes with the second internal gear are composed of planetary gears arranged integrally on the same axis, and the mutual number of teeth of the first and second internal gears, Alternatively, a reduction mechanism in which at least one of the numbers of teeth of the first and second external gears differs by at least one tooth is housed in a case, and the sun gear is driven by rotational driving means. Connecting and K,
An actuator characterized in that a second internal gear is linked to an output means, and further, the first internal gear is linked to a clutch mechanism capable of fixing or releasing the rotation thereof.