JPS6022007A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the followability of intake/exhaust gas control adaptive to a high speed drive, by controlling an intake/exhaust relative to a cylinder chamber by the rotations of intake cylinder and exhaust cylinder provided inside a cylinder head and adapted to rotate in synchronism with a crankshaft. CONSTITUTION:A pair of lateral bores 16a, 16b with a circular cross section is formed through a cylinder head 10 and freely turnably receives cylindrical intake tubes 17, 18 to be inserted therein. Partition walls 20a, 20b separating respective lateral bores 16a, 16b and a cylinder chamber 19 is provided with a intake port 21 and an exhaust port 22 respectively. On the other hand, the intake tube 17 is formed with through holes 23, 24 which align with the intake port 21 and the exhaust port 22 respectively per every rotation. The intake to and the exhaust from the cylinder chamber 19 are thus controlled by the rotations of intake tube 17 and exhaust tube 18. The need of providing the intake/exhaust gas control section with a reciprocating part such as a valve is thus eliminated, and thereby improving the followability of intake/exhaust gas control adaptive even to the high speed drive of internal combustion engine.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Technical Field) The present invention relates to 1] improvement of an internal combustion engine used as a moving vehicle, etc.;

(Background technology) 1'] Internal combustion engines used to drive moving vehicles generally have valves that control the intake of air-fuel mixture into the cylinder chamber and the discharge of combustion gas generated within the cylinder chamber to the outside. It is provided. Among these valves, the intake valve opens when the piston in the cylinder is on the downward intake stroke and introduces the air-fuel mixture into the cylinder chamber, and the exhaust valve opens when the piston is on the upward grabbing stroke. It plays the role of releasing combustion gas from the room to the outside.

Figure 1 shows a four-stroke spark ignition engine.

An example of Flohan) is shown. A piston 2 fitted in a cylinder block 1 so as to be vertically movable and a crankshaft 4 provided in a crankcase 3 are connected by a connecting rod 5.

Cylinder head 10 provided at the top of cylinder block 1
is provided with an intake port 6 and an exhaust lower.
An intake valve 8 is provided at #J, and an exhaust valve 9 is provided at #J. Each 51゛8.9 opens once every two revolutions of the crankshaft 4, and during the intake stroke shown in Fig. 1, while the piston 2 is descending (in fact, it is ) The intake valve 8 opens and sucks the air-fuel mixture into the Schilling chamber. After this intake stroke, the piston 2 rises and compresses this air-fuel mixture, and then the air-fuel mixture is ignited by the spark plug 11 to move to the expansion stroke. During both the compression and expansion strokes, both the intake and exhaust air are Both valves 8.9 remain closed. After the expansion stroke ends, the exhaust valve 9 is closed while the piston 2 is rising.
opens (actually, it opens just before the end of the expansion stroke) and after releasing 4 no.1 of combustion gas from the cylinder chamber, returns to the intake stroke described in 1i.

FIG. 2 shows an example of such a mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the intake valve 8 and the paternal side 9. Stepped belt 1
2 or a cam shirt l-13a that rotates at exactly half the number of revolutions of the crankshaft 4 by a chino;
5f each of cams 14a and 14b fixed to cam 13b 8.
3. Opposite the top of 9. Each time the crank shirt l-4 rotates twice, each valve 8.9 is pushed against the pressure 11h spring 15,
Intake port 6, tJ1 air lower is opened.

However, in this way, the compression spring 15 and the cam 14
When the opening and closing of valves 8.9 are controlled by b and r8.9, when the internal combustion engine rotates at high speed, each gor8.9 jumps, surges, and bounces due to its own inertial mass! (′
: tends to cause abnormal movement, and the high-speed rotation of the internal combustion engine having the valve C is restricted. For this reason, conventionally the valve 8.9
The compression spring used to control the internal combustion engine was made doubly combined with two springs with different spring constants to make it difficult for the valves to have different movements. It didn't change. Furthermore, the Go 1゛8.9 in the J\-type becomes a resistance to the intake D1 air during high-speed operation of the internal combustion engine, and prevents smooth intake and exhaust.

(Object of the present invention) The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages.

The purpose of this engine is to provide an internal combustion engine that can perform stable supply and exhaust control even during high-speed operation, and is capable of higher-speed operation (B) than conventional engines.

(Structure of the present invention) The internal combustion engine of the present invention is provided with a cylindrical intake cylinder and a 1-no-1 cylinder that are parallel to the crankshaft and rotate in synchronization with the crankshaft inside the cylinder head. An intake port that matches the through hole provided on the side of the cylinder and the intake stroke 11ν, and an exhaust port that matches the through hole provided on the side of the exhaust pipe during the exhaust stroke are provided in the part of the cylinder head facing the cylinder chamber. There is. The inside of the intake cylinder or the mixture (in the case of a spark ignition engine) or air (in the case of a diesel engine) is supplied, and the inside of the 1/1 cylinder is communicated with the exhaust pipe.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a pair of left and right horizontal holes 16a, 16b having a circular cross section are formed in the cylinder head 10 fixed to the top of the cylinder block l. There is a circular intake cylinder 17 and 1 cylinder 1 inside.
8 is inserted rotatably. The outer peripheral surface of each portion 17, 18 and the inner peripheral surface of each horizontal hole 16a, 16b are in close contact to maintain airtightness. An intake port 21 or an exhaust port 22 is formed in the partition walls 20a and 20b that partition the horizontal holes 16a and 16b from the cylinder chamber 19, respectively. A through hole 23 that aligns with the port 21 is formed in the exhaust pipe 18, and a through hole 24 that aligns with the υF air port 22 for each rotation is formed in the exhaust pipe 18, respectively. In the case of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the intake pipe 17 and the exhaust pipe 1
8, as shown in Figure 4: Through hole 23 (or 24)
The phases are shifted in the circumferential direction to match the number of cylinders (same as the number of cylinders or an integral multiple thereof), and the through holes 23, 24, intake port 21, and exhaust port are formed in accordance with the stroke of the piston in each cylinder. Make sure that the opening 22 is aligned.

The mechanism for rotating the intake pipe 17 and the exhaust pipe 18 in synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft is the same as that shown in FIG. 2, which is conventionally used for rotating a camshaft. Further, the material for making the intake pipe 17 and the exhaust pipe 18 may be any material as long as it has heat resistance and wear resistance, and cast iron, ceramic material, etc. can be used.

(Operation of the present invention) When the internal combustion engine of the present invention configured as described above is operated,
A mixture (in the case of a spark ignition engine; air in the case of a diesel engine) is fed into the inside of the intake pipe 17, and the inside of the exhaust pipe 18 is communicated with the exhaust pipe. As a result, the intake cylinder 17 is placed inside the cylinder chamber 19 during the intake stroke of the piston.
The air-fuel mixture is sent through the through hole 23 and the intake air 121, and the combustion gas generated by combustion of this air-fuel mixture is exhausted through the exhaust port 22, the through hole 24, and the exhaust pipe 18 during the exhaust stroke. be done.

Note that the shapes of the through holes 23, 24 formed in the six cylinders 17, 18, the intake port 21, and the exhaust port 22 are not limited to circular shapes, but are appropriately selected such as elliptical shapes in order to maximize the intake and exhaust efficiency. or,
The number of through holes 23, 24, intake ports 21, and exhaust ports 22 is not limited to one per cylinder, but two or more may be provided.

(Effects of the Present Invention) As described above, the internal combustion engine of the present invention controls intake air into the cylinder chamber 19 and exhaust air from the cylinder chamber 19 by the rotation of the intake cylinder 17 and the tJ1 cylinder 18. The exhaust control part does not have a reciprocating part like a conventional valve, so even when the internal combustion engine is operated at high speed, the followability of the air supply and exhaust control part is not impaired at all. Therefore, higher speed operation is possible than in the past. Furthermore, unlike conventional mushroom-shaped valves, there is no part that obstructs air supply and exhaust, so the flow of air supply and exhaust becomes smooth, improving the efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, since the tappet noise peculiar to the valve mechanism is not generated, noise during operation is reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a four-stroke spark ignition engine, which is an example of an internal combustion engine to which the present invention applies, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example, FIG. 3 is a partially vertical side view showing the internal combustion engine of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1 Nijilinta block, 2: Piston, 3. Crank case, 4: crankshaft, 5: connecting rod, 6: intake port, 7: +Jl air 1'', 8: intake valve, 9: exhaust valve, lO Niji cylinder head, 11: spark plug, 12 two-stage belt, 13a, 13b Nikamushi+7to, 14a,
14b: cam, 15: compression spring, 16a, 16b: horizontal hole, 17: intake pipe, 18: exhaust pipe, 19: cylinder chamber, 2
0a, 20b: Partition wall, 21: Intake port, 22: Koyaguchi,
23.24: Through hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an internal combustion engine, the fuel sent into the cylinder chamber is combusted to cause a piston fitted in the cylinder chamber to reciprocate and rotate the crankshaft, which is connected to the piston via a connecting rod. A circular intake cylinder and a υr cylinder that rotate in synchronization with the crankshaft are provided in the υF cylinder, and a through hole is provided in the intake cylinder to align with the intake port at the top of the cylinder chamber during the intake stroke, and a cylinder in the υF cylinder is provided in the exhaust stroke 11+j. An internal combustion engine characterized by having through holes that align with the exhaust ports at the top of the chamber.