JPS60209807A - Generating method of numerical control data for parts insertion - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the generation efficiency of numerical control NC data to attain a high reliability by checking machine interference when each parts are inserted and performing generation processing, change processing, etc. of insertion advance relations on a basis of the check result. CONSTITUTION:In case of generation of numerical control data for parts insertion, assembling information, parts information, etc. are read out from a magnetic disk device and are operated by a processor, and results are displayed on a display device. This assembling information consists of one circuit board information record for each printed circuit board and parts records whose number corresponds to the number of parts used for the circuit board, and insertion positions are indicated with X and Y coordinates on the printed circuit boared based on reference points determined for individual classifications of parts. NC data is generated in accordance with procedures shown in the figure, and the machine interference between the other parts, which are already inserted, and an inserting head is checked to perform generation processing of inserting work advance relations. On a basis of them, parts which cannot be inserted automatically are selected, and the change processing of inserting processes or the like and the determining processing of the insertion order are performed to generate and output NC data.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for creating numerical control data for component insertion, which is necessary when automatically inserting electronic components using, for example, an automatic electronic component insertion machine.

[Background of the invention]

Conventionally, component insertion numerical control (NC) data for automatically inserting electronic components by an automatic electronic component insertion machine is often created manually. Even when parts are automatically created using a computer, there are few cases in which mechanical interference between the automatic insertion machine and parts that have already been inserted is checked during insertion. At this time, an automatic insertion machine is used to actually check for interference while inserting parts one after another, which requires a lot of effort to check and to correct data when interference occurs. Furthermore, even when checking for interference using a computer, the insertion order is determined in advance and interference is checked when parts are inserted in that order.
It was thought that a decline in the automatic parts insertion rate (the proportion of parts that can be automatically inserted by automatic insertion machines out of all parts) was unavoidable to some extent.

[Purpose of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of creating part insertion NC data, to improve the reliability of the data, and to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for creating numerical control data for component insertion, which can improve the automatic insertion rate.

[Summary of the invention]

The method for creating numerical control data for component insertion according to the present invention inputs and stores assembly information and component information regarding components to be automatically inserted into a printed circuit board by an automatic component insertion machine, performs necessary calculations on them, and calculates the results. When inserting each part, check for mechanical interference between the insertion head and other parts of the insertion tube, or other parts to be inserted with the same machine, and Based on the results, create the insertion work precedence relationship, select parts that cannot be automatically inserted based on the results, change the insertion process or change the insertion direction, and determine the insertion order based on them. After that, numerical control data related to automatic insertion of the above-mentioned parts is automatically created and output.

The following is a supplement to this.

When inserting parts, check for mechanical interference between the insertion head of the automatic insertion machine and parts that have already been inserted or other parts inserted by the same machine, and check the insertion work precedence relationship (for example, part i
When inserting , if part l cannot be inserted because the previously inserted part J interferes with the machine, part i will be replaced by part j.
The insertion order relationship between parts is expressed as "Part l → Part" in the sense that it should be inserted before Part 1).
is created, and from the insertion work precedence relationship created in this way, a group of non-insertable parts that cannot be inserted no matter what insertion order is determined is determined. Here, for example, when there is an insertion work precedent relationship such as "part i→part" 9 parts J→parts 9 parts→part i, the part ilJ+ constitutes a non-insertable parts group. Next, 1 included in the non-insertable parts group
Try changing the insertion process and insertion direction for some of the parts that will be inserted. For example, if the component has no polarity, such as a resistor, insert the component in the opposite direction. At this time, since the insertion head of the automatic insertion machine also rotates 180 degrees, there is a possibility that mechanical interference can be avoided. As a result, a final work precedence relationship is created without any non-insertable component groups, and the insertion order is determined based on this constraint.

This aims to improve the efficiency of creating component insertion NC data, improve data reliability, and improve automatic insertion rate.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawing numbers.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a computer system used in an embodiment of the method for creating numerical control data for component insertion according to the present invention. Here, the processing device 1 is a central part that performs various calculations in order to execute this method, and includes a magnetic disk device 2 for storing (memorizing) assembly information 1, parts information, etc., and a storage device 2 for inputting the assembly information. A floppy disk drive device 3, a display device 4 for registering component information and displaying and modifying processing results, a paper tape puncher 5 for outputting component insertion NC data, and a line printer 6 for printing out processing results are connected. has been done.

First, the assembly information 1 part information will be explained.

As shown in the explanatory diagram of FIG. 2, the assembly information is composed of one board information record for each printed circuit board and as many component records as the number of components used in that board. Each part record includes the part name, insertion position, and
It includes data items such as the insertion direction, and is usually a printed circuit board design seven stem (CAD = Computer Aided).
ed J) esign) is created and input into this system via a floppy disk. Here, the insertion position indicates the X and Y coordinates on the printed circuit board of a reference point determined for each component type. Further, the insertion direction indicates the rotation angle when rotating and inserting the component from a reference direction determined for each component around a reference point. The parts record also has data items for the insertion process and insertion order for later use. The values of these two data items are not determined at the time they are created by CAD.

The parts information, as shown in the explanatory diagram of FIG. 3, stores part names, insertion process classifications, part dimensions, and presence/absence of polarity for all parts handled by the system.

The above data is stored in an assembly information file and a parts information file in the magnetic disk device 2, respectively.

The component insertion NC data creation method of the present invention is based on the above-described configuration and determines the insertion process and insertion order in the following steps. Here, a process means a group of operations that can be inserted by one machine, such as an IC component insertion process, for example.

That is, this method is as shown in the schematic procedure explanatory diagram of FIG. 4. It consists of step 05: modification, (4) insertion order determination, and (5) component insertion NC data creation.

The functions will be explained step by step below.

(1) Tentative determination of insertion process Search the parts information file using the part name of each part record in the assembly information as a key, tentatively determine the insertion process based on the insertion process classification of the part, and determine the insertion process of the part record in the assembly information. Write the insertion process classification to the data item. The insertion process determined here is as follows by changing the insertion process in (3).
It may be fixed.

(2) Insertion work precedence relationship determination (interference check) As mentioned earlier, interference refers to interference between the insertion head of the insertion machine and the insertion cylinder part that has already been inserted when automatically inserting parts. means interference. In addition, the insertion work precedence relationship is a condition regarding the insertion order of two component layers j, and the insertion work precedence relationship (part i → part j) means that if part 1 is inserted before part 1, This indicates that component 1 should be inserted before component J because it interferes with component J when inserting component i.

There are several interference checking methods, one of which is the following simple method.

The basic idea of this interference check is that when inserting a certain part, the area required by the insertion head of an automatic insertion machine (insertion work space) and the area where the part exists (component area) are separated by a flat plane with a simple shape. Interference is checked by setting figures (for example, rectangles and circles) and checking whether these figures overlap.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of interference checking during insertion in this method. When part t is already inserted into the part m already inserted by the insertion head P, the part t is inserted by the insertion head P(P
') to interfere. As shown in FIG. 5(b), it is expressed on a plane as a component region M of component m, a component region L1 of one component layer in the component region of the component, and an insertion work space N of component m, and the interference check is , by checking the overlapping state of -N on these figures. Here, part m
Since the insertion work space N of and the part area of part t overlap, the insertion work precedence relationship (part m→part t) is established. As shown in Figure 5, the insertion work space N is
Its size needs to be changed depending on the height of the parts located around it. Therefore, first determine the insertion work space by assuming that the surrounding parts have the highest height among all the parts, and use this to check the overlapping condition. If there are parts that overlap, It is possible to correct the insertion work space to a smaller size according to the height of the part and check the mold shape again.

Above, we have described a method for interference checking in which the insertion work space and component area are represented by simple plane figures such as a rectangle and a circle, and interference is checked by the overlapping state of these figures.
It is also possible to express the insertion work space and the component area as a combination of two rectangles, two circles, etc., or express them as a three-dimensional solid such as a rectangular parallelepiped, two cylinders, or a combination thereof, and check the interference based on the overlapping state.

In the case where the component area is a rectangle or a circle, an example of the algorithm for checking the shape type will be described.

First, if the figures are rectangles, one rectangle is used as a reference, and the right-angled area (including the same rectangle) is defined by both sides that intersect at the lower left point (lower left vertex), and the upper right corner (the upper right vertex) A right-angled region (
If another rectangle exists in any J that includes the same rectangle, the two rectangles are assumed to overlap each other.

In addition, if the shapes are a rectangle and a circle, set an area around the rectangle with a width equivalent to the radius of the circle, and if the center of the circle is within this area and within the same rectangle, the rectangle and the circle shall overlap with each other.

Further, in the case where the figures are circles, if the distance between the centers of each day is less than or equal to the radius of both days, the circles are assumed to overlap each other.

Next, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the insertion work precedence relationship determination (interference check) process in this method. The processing contents in each step will be explained below.

(Step) Using the component dimension data in the component information, determine the component area for all inserted components in the assembly information.

(Step 2) The insertion work precedence relationship is determined in order for each process.
The target process (target process) is determined from the previously designated process order. When the insertion work precedence relationships have been determined for all processes, the entire process ends.

(Step 3) Among all inserted parts, there are parts to be inserted in the target process (target process insertion parts) according to the contents of the insertion process data item of the part record in the assembly information, and parts that are inserted in the previous process as well as the target process. Select the inserted parts (inserted parts).

(Step 4) Allocate insertion work space for all target process insertion parts.

(step 5) - Select one part from the parts to be inserted in the target process.

If all parts are selected, return to 5step2.

(Step 6) A turtle check is performed between the insertion work space of the selected part and the part areas of all target process insertion parts other than the inserted part and the selected part. Here, the range exceeding the board size and the range used by the board holder and board loader are also treated as insertion restriction areas, equivalent to the component areas of inserted components.

(Step 7) Determine the insertion work precedence relationship from the results of sLep6, and after registering it in the insertion work precedence relationship file on the magnetic disk,
Return to step 5.

(3) Based on the insertion work precedence relationship created in (2) changing the insertion process and changing the insertion direction, identify parts that will interfere with each other even if the insertion order is changed (parts that cannot be inserted), and display this on the display, For example, by a designer,
Change the insertion process and insertion direction. This process is also performed for each process, but parts that cannot be inserted occur in the following two cases.

(1) There is a preceding insertion work relationship of “Part 1 → Part”.
When the insertion process of part J is before the insertion process of part I.

(11) Even if the parts are inserted in the same process, for example, if there is a preceding insertion work relationship such as part i → part J, part j → part i, even if there are three or more parts, the part → part t9
When there is a preceding insertion work relationship between part t-+part m9 and part m-+part.

As a countermeasure in such a case, ■ How to change the insertion process ■ How to change the insertion direction There is.

If the insertion process is changed, for example, there is a preceding insertion work relationship of part l → part J, and the insertion process of part) is changed to part l.
When the insertion process of part J is before the insertion process of part L
If the insertion process is changed after the insertion process, there exists an insertion order that satisfies this insertion work precedence relationship. Further, for example, if the insertion process of component I is changed to a manual assembly process, the insertion work space can be reduced, so that the preceding insertion work relationship of "part I→component" may be eliminated.

When the insertion direction is changed, for example, when there is a preceding insertion operation relationship of component p→component q, if component p has no polarity, it is also possible to rotate the insertion direction of component p by 180" and insert it. As a result, the insertion work space for part p changes, so the insertion work precedence relationship of part p → part q may disappear.

Regardless of which method is adopted, the overall insertion work precedence relationship changes, so it is necessary to re-execute the step (2) of determining the insertion work precedence relationship (interference check).

One way to find a group of parts that are inserted in the same process and cannot be inserted and that will cause interference no matter what order they are inserted from the insertion work precedence relationship created in (2) is as follows using graph theory. We will show a solution method applying .

In this solution method, each insertion operation (insertion component) is expressed as a vertex, and the insertion operation precedence relationship is expressed as an edge (in the direction of the arrow) as a directed graph. FIG. 7 is a directed graph of the insertion work precedence relationship in this method, in which (a) is -
As an example, there is a case where nine types of parts 11 to 19 have an insertion operation precedence relationship shown in the figure. If we include strongly connected parts on this graph, that is, a set of vertices that can be reached by following the edges, this becomes a set of non-insertable parts groups. For example, component 12, component 131, and component 14 are one non-insertable component group, and these three components do not have an insertion order that satisfies the insertion work precedence relationship. The same thing can be said about the set of part 181 and part 19. Such a non-insertable component group can be easily determined using known graph theory.

By changing the insertion process and insertion direction as described above, it is possible to exclude all non-insertable component groups and create a final insertion work precedence relationship. For example, in FIG. 7(a), if the insertion process of component 12 is changed to a later insertion process and the insertion direction of component 19 is changed, component 11→component 12, component 12→component 132, component 14→component Since the insertion work precedence relationship of 12° component 19→component 18 is eliminated, it is possible to create a final directed graph of the insertion work precedence relationship in which there is at least one insertion order, as shown in the seventh rotation.

Above, we have described a method in which the insertion process and insertion direction are changed based on the designer's judgment in an interactive manner as an example. However, this designer's judgment can be automated and the parts (groups) that cannot be inserted can be changed one after another. By repeatedly performing the insertion process, changing the insertion direction, and determining the insertion work precedence relationship, it is possible to determine the final insertion work precedence relationship without any non-insertable component groups.

(4) Determining the insertion order When the final insertion work precedence relationship is determined in (3), there is always an order in which the target process insertion parts can be inserted while satisfying these constraint conditions. In the insertion order determination stage,
Choose the optimal insertion order from these insertion orders. For example, there is a method of considering an insertion order that minimizes the sum of the moving distances of the insertion head during insertion (the moving distances of the XY table of the insertion machine), which can be solved using the known traveling salesman problem.

(5) Creation of component insertion NC data Since the insertion process has been determined in (3) and the insertion order has been determined in (4), component insertion NC data can be created for each insertion machine in accordance with this. This is possible using known techniques.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically generate component insertion number data in consideration of machine interference during automatic component insertion. This method eliminates the need to check data using , and since the insertion process and insertion order are determined by taking into account the precedence relationship between insertion operations, the automatic insertion rate can be improved, which is a remarkable effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a computer system used in an embodiment of the method for creating numerical control data for parts insertion according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of its assembly information, and FIG. 3 is a diagram of the same part An explanatory diagram of the information, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the same general procedure, and Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the same procedure.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the interference check at the time of insertion in this method, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the insertion work precedence relationship determination (interference check) process, and FIG. 7 is a directed graph of the insertion work precedence relationship. l...processing device, 2...magnetic disk device, 3...
- Floppy disk drive device, 4... display device, 5... paper tape puncher, 6... line printer. Agent: Patent attorney Kosaku Fukuda 1 (and 1 other person) Chill eyes! J2 Eye 3 Romo 40 Kaya 50 Pino 6th

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■Uses a computer system that can input and store assembly information and parts information for parts to be automatically inserted into a printed circuit board using a six-part automatic insertion machine, perform necessary calculations on them, and display and output the results. , When inserting each part, check for mechanical interference between the insertion head and other inserted parts or other parts to be inserted in the same machine, and create an insertion work precedence relationship based on the results, and Based on this, parts that cannot be automatically inserted are selected, the insertion process or the insertion direction is changed, and the insertion order is determined based on this, and then the numerical control data related to the automatic insertion of the above parts is A method for creating numerical control data for parts insertion that is automatically created and output.