JPS60209266A - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a vertical pulverizer that pulverizes cement raw materials, coal, chemicals, etc. through cooperation between a rotary table and rollers.

[Prior art]

2. Description of the Related Art Vertical crushers equipped with a rotary table and rollers are widely used as a type of crusher for finely crushing granules such as cement raw materials, coal, and chemicals into powder. This type of crusher consists of a disk-shaped rotary table that is driven by a motor with a reducer to rotate at low speed in the lower part of a cylindrical casing, and a part that divides the outer circumference of the upper surface into equal parts in the circumferential direction, which is pressed by hydraulic pressure or the like. It is equipped with a plurality of rollers that are driven to rotate.

The granules as raw materials supplied to the center of the rotary table through the supply pipe receive a centrifugal force in the radial direction of the table due to the rotation of the table, and as they slide on the table, they receive a force in the rotational direction from the table. It slips between the table and rotates somewhat slower than the table rotation speed. The above two forces, ie, the radial and rotational forces, are combined, and the powder moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table while drawing a spiral trajectory on the table. Since a roller is pressed into contact with this outer periphery and rotates, the particles with spiral lines enter between the roller and the rotary table from a direction forming a certain angle with the roller axis direction and are crushed. be done.

On the other hand, hot air is guided to the base of the casing by a duct, and as this hot air blows up from the annular space between the outer circumferential surface of the rotary table and the inner circumferential surface of the casing, the fine powder is dried and removed from the casing. The air rises inside the air, and is discharged from the outlet as a mixture with hot air and sent to the next process.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rotary table for explaining at what rate the supplied granules go to the rollers in a conventional crusher in which granules are supplied to the center of the rotary table through a supply pipe. In the figure, 1 indicates a rotary table that rotates in the direction shown by arrow A in the figure, and 2 indicates four rows 2 that are in line contact with the upper surface of the rotary table 1. As mentioned above, as a result of the centrifugal force acting in the radial direction due to the 10 rotations of the rotary table, the granules receive a force outward, and also receive a force in the direction of rotation due to the 10 rotations of the table, and the granules absorb these two forces. Let's try to move in the composite direction of . Furthermore, when the table rotation speed is constant (that is, the table angular velocity is constant), the centrifugal force differs depending on the position (radial distance) of the placed particles, so this combined direction also changes every moment. For example, if granules are dropped at 10 points on the radius of the table 10 in Figure 1, the static friction force acting on the table and the granules will be greater than the centrifugal force at 2 to 3 points near the center because the radius is small. , there is no relative movement between the table and the grains, they are just surrounded by the table, but the remaining 7 to 8
Each point moves spirally toward the outer periphery while drawing a trajectory as shown by the dotted line in the figure.

Note that the trajectory of the particles shown in the figure changes depending on parameter variables such as the table diameter, the table rotation speed, the coefficient of kinetic friction between the particles to be dropped and the table, and the falling position (radius and angle of the falling position). Needless to say. The trajectory in FIG. 1 shows an example where coal stone particles are dropped by a vertical crusher, which is conventionally manufactured and sold commercially.

In addition, Fig. 2 shows that the falling position of the particles in Fig. 1 is r1 = (0
,05~0.5) R, φ1=09 for only 1o point in one row, r l= (0,05~0.5) R, φ
i = 0', 10', 20'.

...Fist... Shows the locus of particles when 90 points at 80° are drawn.

As is clear from FIG. 2, in the conventional crusher, among the particles falling at the 10 points, those closest to the center are bitten by the first roller 2 that they encounter, or pass through the inside of the roller 2 and move to the second point. The particles may be bitten by the third roller 2, but the particles falling at a position away from the center are not bitten by the roller 2, but come off the periphery of the rotary table 10 and fall outside the table. As mentioned above, the fallen particles are lifted up by the hot air blowing up the annular space between the rotary table 1 and the casing, and are returned directly onto the rotary table 1, or are classified by the upper separator and placed on the rotary table 1. However, the air volume and wind pressure loss consumed for blowing up and circulating the particles become a problem. In other words, since the granules overflowing from the rotary table 1 are granules before being crushed, they are usually coarse particles with a diameter of 30 to 505 mφ, and in order to raise them, it is necessary to
Requires wind speed of about m/s. On the other hand, considering the degree of pulverization of the raw material and the degree of classification of the separator, the maximum particle diameter of 300 to 400μ, which is twice the maximum particle size of 150 to 200μ, is sent to the inlet of the separator.
It is meaningless for particles larger than the diameter to reach the target, and even considering the difficulty of classification on the rotary table 1, the maximum particle size is 200.
It is sufficient to blow up two degrees of particles, which is 10 times μ, and the wind speed required for this is about 20 to 30 tn/s.

In this way, conventional crushers require air blowing equipment with an air volume several times the required air volume in order to blow up and circulate the over-70-granules, and larger air volume and pressure are required to increase the circulation volume. This not only significantly increases the equipment cost and power consumption, but also has the disadvantage that the granules returning from the separator do not return to the rotary table and repeat the flow regardless of the crushing, consuming wasted energy. Was.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention was made in view of the above points, and the raw material supply pipe is branched into the same number of grinding ports above the center of the rotary table, and these are connected to the center of the rotary table between the adjacent grinding rows 2. By opening the opening in close proximity to the top surface of the rotary table, we can increase the Row 2 bite rate to almost 100%, and remove large grain raw stone (raw stone that has never been crushed by rollers) that was previously left unused. ) by eliminating as much as possible the overflow from the table, and by squeezing the machine casing above the rotary table to form a drum shape, an inward component is added to the rising airflow, reducing the rate at which coarse particles fall to the center of the table. It is possible to significantly reduce the power of the blower by reducing the air volume and wind pressure required for blowing up, as well as improve the crushing efficiency by increasing the crushing probability, and improve the The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shin crusher that eliminates wasteful transport energy through circulation of coarse particles in the upper part.Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

〔Example〕

3 and 4 show an embodiment of the shin part crusher according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the arrangement of a rotary table, a crushing roller, and a raw material supply pipe. It is. In the figure, the crusher 11 is a rotary table 15 which will be described later.
Casing 1 stands upright on the floor and houses the entire crushing section such as
The lower half of the casing 12 is formed into an enlarged cylindrical shape, and a motor 13 with a speed reducer is fixed to the center thereof. Further, the upper half of the casing 12 is formed into a drum-shaped cylinder with a circular cross section by being drawn at the center in the height direction. Head-mounted conical slope 11
12a is formed.

On the rotating shaft facing upward of the motor 13, there is a rotary table 1 which is shaped like a disk and has a liner 14 attached to its horizontal upper surface.
5 is mounted on a shaft, and is driven by a motor 13 to horizontally rotate at low speed in the direction shown by arrow B in the figure. Reference numeral 16 denotes four arm shafts that are horizontally supported by the casing 12 near the outside of a portion that divides the peripheral edge of the rotary table 15 into four equal parts in the circumferential direction. An arm 1T formed in a 5-shape is pivotally attached to the arm shaft 16, and the row 2 shaft 18 fixedly supported by the bearing portion of the arm 1T is
Grinding rows 219 each having a conical shape with a head are rotatably mounted on shafts, and their curved surfaces are brought into contact with the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 15. The operating end of a pressure cylinder (not shown) that is pivotally supported on the casing 12 side is pivotally attached to each arm 11. By operating this pressure cylinder, the arm 17 swings and loads the rotary table 15. The pressing force of the rotary table 15 and the rollers 19 is changed so that the crushing force for the object to be crushed is adjusted. Note that the row 21B and the rotary table 15 are in line contact (actually with a very small width).

In Fig. 4, the line of contact is indicated by the symbol 19m. An annular air passage 20 is provided below the outer periphery of the rotary table 15 and is connected to a hot air generator through a duct (not shown). Passage 2
An annular blow-up passage 21 is provided that communicates the air passage 2 with the inner chamber of the casing 12. In addition, the blow-up passage 21
An annular armor ring 12b that rectifies the hot air blown up is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the inclined wall 12a facing the inclined wall 12&.

On the other hand, an upper casing 22 formed in a cylindrical shape is joined to the upper end flange of the casing 12, and a bearing 22 provided with a pair of upper and lower ball bearings is attached to the upper end of the upper casing 22.
3 is fixed. A separator designated by the reference numeral 24 is a separator for classifying the pulverized material rising by the hot air blown up from the blow-up passage 21, and is rotatably supported by the bearing 23 and placed in the center between the upper casing 22 and the upper inclined wall of the casing 12. It is formed of a hanging cylinder 24a and a plurality of inclined rotating blades 24d supported by supporting members 24b and 24c at the center and lower ends thereof, and pivoted to the upper end of the cylinder 24m. The pulley 25 is connected to the motor 26
The belt 28 is drivingly connected to the pulley 2T. Reference numeral 29 denotes a discharge port which is connected to the next step (not shown) through a duct and discharges the pulverized material.

A feeder 30 connected to a raw material hopper (not shown) is installed horizontally above the upper casing 22, and a conveyor 31 for conveying the input raw material is suspended inside the feeder 30. A raw material supply pipe 320 main pipe 32& is connected to the seventh rank portion facing downward of the feeder 30, and extends through the cylinder body 24a of the seventh cutter 24 and hangs concentrically therewith. . The main pipe 32a is formed in a cylindrical shape, and four branch pipes 32b, 32c, 32d, and 32e, the same number as the rows 219, are branched from the lower end thereof. The branch pipes 32b to 32e are inclined so that the distance between them becomes wider toward the lower end, and the branch pipes 32b to 32e are opened close to the top surface of the rotary table 15 at a position near the center of the rotary table 15 between adjacent rows 219. ing.

Therefore, the raw material falling down the main pipe 32a is transferred to the branch pipe 32b.
~32e and from its opening the rotating tape/I/15
It is distributed and supplied to the four locations above.

The operation of the pulverizer configured as described above will be explained by taking coal pulverization as an example. After starting Tanabata 13.26, when granular coal as a raw material is put into the raw material hot spring, this coal is conveyed by the compare 31 of the feeder 30, and from the conveyance terminal end into the raw material supply pipe 320 main pipe 32a. After falling, it is divided into each branch pipe 32b to 32m, and distributed and supplied to four locations on the rotary table 15. At this time, the rotary table 15 is driven by the motor 13 and rotates horizontally, and the roller 1B is also pressed against the rotary table 15 and rotates as a result.
It slides on the table 15 in response to the centrifugal force caused by zero rotation, and at the same time receives a rotational force from the rotary table 15, slips between it and the table 15, and rotates somewhat slower than the table rotation speed, thereby creating a vortex, which will be described later. It moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table 15 while drawing a linear locus. Most of the moved granular coal is caught between the rotary table 15 and the rollers f9, and is crushed by compression, impact, and shearing action to become pulverized coal. Further, the pulverized coal that has been bitten by the roller 19 or a part of the granular coal that has not been bitten by the roller 19 for some reason comes off the periphery of the rotary table 15 and tends to fall outward. At this time, hot air sent through the air duct and air passage 20 is blown up from the blow-up passage 21 between the rotary table 15 and the casing 12 while being rectified by the armor ring 12b, so that the crushed pulverized coal that has overflowed The granular coal is blown up by hot air in the vicinity of the passage 21, and is carried by the updraft to the sparator 2.
Sent to 4. Since the separator 24 is driven and rotated by the motor 26, centrifugal force is applied to the pulverized particles by the swirling air current generated by the rotation of the rotating blade $24d, and the coarse granular coal is blown outward and After falling onto 15, pulverization is repeated until it becomes a fine powder of the required particle size.

Further, the pulverized coal having a particle size smaller than the required size passes through the separator 24 and is discharged from the discharge port 29 together with hot air, and is recovered after being conveyed through the duct to the next process, such as a combustion device or a dust collector.

Therefore, the behavior of the object to be crushed on the rotary table 15 will be explained. FIG. 5 shows the behavior of granules on the rotary table 1 in a conventional crusher, corresponding to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a plan view for explaining how many of the particles passing through the radius R encounter the roller 2. FIG. As is clear from the figure, only the particles passing between points P1 and P3 encounter the roller 2, but all of the particles closer to the outer periphery and some of the particles closer to the inner periphery are rotated. Deviates from Table 1. On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows the behavior of the particles in the device shown in FIG. 4 in correspondence with FIG. Branch pipes 32b to 32e of the raw material supply pipe 32 to
The granules are supplied to the opening by opening it.
Almost all of the grain encounters roller 19.

Next, among the raw materials that overflow from the rotary table 15 and are blown back by the updraft, coarse particles that have not yet reached the final product are moved up and down along the inner wall of the casing in a conventional crusher in which the casing 12 is cylindrical. However, in this device, by drawing the casing 12 into an hourglass shape, the coarse particles are given an inward component as they pass through the blow-up passage 21. Since the coarse particles rise toward the center of the casing 12 along the inclined wall 21a, the probability of falling to the center of the rotary table 15 increases significantly, and the vertical reciprocating movement of the coarse particles is drastically reduced.

Furthermore, the granular coal that has been crushed by the rotary blades 24dK* of the separator 24 falls along the inner circumferential surface of the casing 12, but since the casing 12 at this point is also constricted downward to a smaller diameter, this By falling along the slope, most of the particles fall to the center of the rotary table 15, and the above-mentioned vertical reciprocating movement disappears. Even if some circulation occurs due to reciprocating motion, it is a circulation of relatively small particles excluding coarse particles that fall parabolically onto the rotary table 15 due to gravity overcoming the force of the airflow. Loss is extremely small.

In addition, in this embodiment, the row 219 and the branch pipe 32
An example is shown in which four b to 32e are provided, but any number may be used as long as it is two or more. In addition, in this embodiment, the raw material supply pipe 3
Although the example in which the raw material supply pipe 32 is passed through and hangs down inside the seven-hole rotor 24 is shown, for example, the raw material supply pipe 32 may be passed through the upper casing 22 in an inclined manner from the side of the body to face above the center of the rotary table 15. It may be branched into a plurality of branch pipes later.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, in a vertical crusher, the raw material supply pipes are branched into the same number of crushing rollers above the center of the rotary table, and the raw material supply pipes are branched into the same number of crushing rollers above the center of the rotary table between the adjacent crushing rows 2. By opening the opening at the opening and selecting an appropriate position calculated backward from the trajectory of the particles as the falling position of the particles at the opening, almost all of the particles that pass through the raw material supply pipe, pass through each branch pipe, and fall from the opening position can be removed. reaches the crushing roller and is crushed, and then reaches the outer periphery of the rotary table. Therefore, the overflow amount of so-called raw stone that overflows without being bitten by the row 2 even once is drastically reduced, and the gas flow velocity and air volume required for blowing up the raw stone can be significantly reduced.

Furthermore, by squeezing the casing to form a drum shape, the coarse particles blown up by the updraft are given an inward component toward the center of the casing by the inclined walls of the casing, and fall to the center of the rotary table. This greatly improves the probability that the coarse particles in the classification layer will fall down to the center of the rotary table along the sloped wall where the diameter decreases downward, so that the coarse particles will move up and down along the inner wall of the casing. Wasteful circulation that moves is drastically reduced. Therefore, in combination with the drastic reduction in the amount of raw rock overflow, the blower's wind pressure and air volume can be significantly reduced.As a result, the blower power can be reduced, and running costs can be expected to be significantly reduced, as well as equipment costs can be reduced by reducing the blower specifications. Savings can be measured.

In addition, regarding the rotational power of the crusher table, it is possible to eliminate the ineffective work of transporting particles, which is a part of the crushing work, and as a result of reducing the crushing power per unit production amount, the crushing efficiency is improved. Running costs are reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1, 2, and 5 are plan views of the rotary table for explaining the behavior of particles on the rotary table in a conventional vertical crusher. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the movement trajectory of the raw material supplied to 10 points in the row 2, FIG. 3, 4, and 6 are plan views showing movement trajectories when raw materials are lined up in a row at a pitch of 0.05R with a radius that bisects the gap, and FIG. 6 is a vertical type according to the present invention. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the crusher, Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the relationship between the rotary table, rollers, and branch pipes for supplying raw materials, and Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotary table, rollers, and branch pipes for supplying raw materials, and Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotary table, rollers, and branch pipes for supplying raw materials. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a rotary table for explaining behavior. 11... Crusher, 12e... Casing, 12a
・・・・Slanted wall, 15・e@Φ rotary table, 19・・
...Roller, 32@...-raw material supply pipe, 32a* a
* *Main, 32b, 32e, 32d, 3
2e - Branch pipe. Patent applicant: Ube Industries, Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Above the center of a rotary table that rotates with a plurality of crushing rollers in pressure contact with the upper surface of its outer periphery, raw material supply pipes are branched into the same number as the crushing rollers, and the raw materials supplied from these branch pipes to the rotary table are pulverized. Each of the branch pipes is opened close to the top surface of the rotary table at a position between the adjacent crushing rollers near the center of the rotary table so as to flow toward the rollers, and a cylindrical pipe concentric with the rotary table that houses the entire crushing device is opened. 1. A vertical crusher characterized in that the casing is formed into an hourglass-shaped medium constriction shape so that an inclined conical wall that imparts an inward component to an upward airflow is formed above the rotary table.