JPS60206302A - Antenna system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To install an antenna easily and accurately by using a globe-type level for setting the azimuth and the elevation angle of an antenna system used for satellite broadcasting or the like and using a map on the level to regulate continuously the azimuth and the elevation angle. CONSTITUTION:An antenna 21 consists of a primary radiator 22, a parabolic reflection mirror 23, and a supporting part 24 of them and has a relatively sharp directivity. A globe-type level 29 which is used for setting the azimuth and the elevation angle is provided specially in the supporting part 24 of the antenna 21. The globe-type level 29 has a semispherical map display body 30, and a required map 31 is displayed on its curved surface body. A semispherical scale line display body 35 which is useful for setting of the elevation angle and is used for reading the position of an air bubble 34 is provided above and near the map display body 30. A space is formed among the map display body 30, the scale line display body 35, and a base 32, and a compass 40 is supported freely turnably so that the end part is exposed from a window 39.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates primarily to an antenna device for use in satellite broadcasting.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

In recent years, the practical use of broadcasting using artificial satellites has progressed, and satellites for this purpose have already been launched. As shown in Figure 1, in this satellite broadcasting, for example, Satellite 1 is stationary at a position of approximately 36,000 km above the equator at 110 degrees East longitude, and broadcast radio waves are sent from there to all of Japan on Earth 2. It is something.

In this case, the receiver must point the antenna toward satellite 1, but since the azimuth and elevation angles relative to satellite 1 differ depending on the receiving point, setting the antenna pointing direction requires using these two directions. Adjustments must be made accurately at each location.

Furthermore, in reality, the directivity of the receiving antenna is very narrow, with a beam width of about 1° to 2°, in order to increase the antenna gain.

Conventionally, the second antenna device for receiving satellite broadcasting was
The structure shown in the figure is being considered. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 denotes an antenna, and the antenna 11 is rotatably attached to a support mechanism 13 on a base 12, and the support mechanism 13 is further rotatably attached to the base 12 in the azimuth direction. It is something that In this antenna device,
The azimuth angle indicator is composed of an indicator 14 provided so as to be interlocked with the support mechanism 13 and an azimuth angle display scale 15 formed on the base 12, and the elevation angle indicator is constructed so as to be interlocked with the antenna 11. It is composed of an indicator 16 provided and an elevation angle display scale 17 formed on the support mechanism 13.

When installing this antenna device, first mount the base 12.
is arranged horizontally and adjusted so that the reference of the azimuth display scale 15 is in the specified direction. In this way, the support mechanism 13 is rotated and fixed at a position where the indicator 14 points to the desired azimuth angle at the receiving point. Next, the antenna 11 is rotated to adjust the elevation angle, and is fixed at a point where the indicator 16 points to a desired angle on the elevation angle display scale 17.

Although installed in this way, since the beam width of the receiving antenna is narrow, there is a risk that reception will be impossible unless the errors in both azimuth and elevation angles are extremely small.

In the antenna device shown in Fig. 2, the accuracy of the elevation angle is determined by the base 12.
The disadvantage is that it is greatly influenced by the horizontality of the base 12 and the verticality of the support mechanism 13, and it is even more difficult to maintain the base 12 horizontally when installed on a slope such as on a roof. Therefore, a large amount of time is required for installation, resulting in an increase in installation costs. Furthermore, even if the base 12 and the support mechanism 13 # are misaligned due to aging or external factors, it is difficult to confirm, and of course it is also difficult to calibrate.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide an antenna device that is easy to install and calibrate, and that can accurately set the azimuth and elevation angles depending on the installation location.

[Summary of the invention]

The antenna device of the present invention includes an antenna with relatively sharp directivity, a support supporting the antenna, and a connecting portion that connects the antenna and the support to freely adjust the three-dimensional support angle of the antenna. , a base to which the pillar is attached, and an earth ceremonial level provided on the support part of the antenna, and the earth ceremonial level includes a map for setting the elevation angle formed on a curved surface, and a map for setting the elevation angle formed on the curved surface. It is characterized by having an indicator that moves along, a scale line for setting the elevation angle, a pair of maps for setting the azimuth angle, and a compass, and these maps are used to set the azimuth angle and the elevation angle. It's something you get.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to this invention, an earth ritual level is used to set the azimuth and elevation, and the map on the level can be used to directly read and adjust the azimuth and elevation, so special skill is not required. The feature is that the antenna can be installed easily and accurately.

Moreover, there is no need to worry about the horizontality of the base or the verticality of the support, and by using a map, you can clearly know the setting location without knowing the latitude and longitude of the installation location, which is efficient and reduces the time required for installation. This has the advantage of significantly shortening the time.

Furthermore, since there is no reference deviation due to aging or external factors, regular -ζ calibration can be easily performed.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 3, the antenna 21 is composed of a primary radiator 22, a parabolic reflector 23, and a supporting portion 24 for these, and has relatively sharp directivity. This antenna 21 is coupled and supported by a support 26 at a connecting portion 25. Although the connecting portion 25 is shown in a simplified manner in the figure, it is provided with a rotation adjustment mechanism that can freely adjust the three-dimensional support angle of the antenna 21, such as the azimuth angle and the elevation angle. 27 is antenna 2
It is a fixing screw for fixing 1 at the required angle, and 28
is a base for standing the support column 26 upright. antenna 21
The support 24 is particularly provided with a terrestrial level 29 for setting its azimuth and elevation angles.

The earth ceremonial level 29 has a structure shown enlarged in FIG. That is, in FIG. 4, 30 is a hemispherical map display body made of transparent material such as synthetic resin.
A required map 31 is displayed on the curved surface. This map display body 3o is rotatably attached to a disc-shaped base 32, and its inside is filled with a liquid 33 at least on the surface side; bubbles 34 are formed as indicators for displaying the elevation angle. It is something that As the map 31, it is desirable to use a special map created based on the elevation angle when the satellite is viewed from the receiving point.

On the upper side of the map display 30, a hemispherical graduation line display 35 is provided close to the map display 30 to help set the elevation angle and to read the position of the bubble 34.

The scale line display body 35 is also made of a transparent material such as synthetic resin, and is fixed to the base 32, and on its surface there is an elevation angle that displays angles from 0° to 90° in the elevation direction in concentric circles centered on the apex 36. A scale line 37 for setting is formed, and furthermore, a radial scale line 38 passing through the apex 36 is formed to guide the bubble 34 and to accurately hold the antenna 21 when rotating in the elevation direction. There is.

A space is formed between the map display body 30, the scale line display body 35, and the base 32, and a compass 40 is rotatably supported so that its end portion is exposed through the window 39.

Further, a ring-shaped portion 41.4 is provided on the circumferential portion of the circular base 32 so as to surround the map display body 30 and the scale line display body 35.
2 are provided concentrically, and a map 43 showing an initial set value in the azimuth direction and a map 44 showing a desired set value in the azimuth direction are formed in these ring-shaped parts 41 and 42. Each of the ring-shaped parts 4142 can slide independently within a groove provided in the base 32, and the maps 43 and 44 show the direction of maximum directivity of the antenna 21 relative to due south, as will be detailed later. They are placed at positions offset from each other to correspond to the angle at which they are swung.

This earth ceremonial level 29 has a support such that the base 32 is parallel to the maximum direction of directivity of the antenna 21 (hereinafter abbreviated as the maximum directivity direction) and the apex 36 is located on an axis perpendicular to this maximum direction. It is attached to 24. Therefore, when the antenna 21 is held so that the maximum directivity direction is the horizontal direction, the bubble 34 coincides with the position of the apex 36, and this apex 36 becomes zero degree in the elevation direction.

Further, a reference line (indicated by a bold line) of the radial graduation line 38 is formed to coincide with the maximum directivity direction, and is called a zero degree line and is indicated by the reference numeral 38'.

Next, the operation of this antenna device will be explained. The operation of this antenna device will be explained. When installing this antenna device, first the azimuth angle direction is matched, and then the elevation angle direction is set to match the target direction.

As a preparatory step, the map display body 30 is first rotated around the central axis, and if the desired point on the map 31, for example, the antenna installation position is "vehicle weight", it is aligned with the zero degree line 38'.

Next, the required rotation angle in the azimuth direction from the due south direction at the reception point when the satellite is viewed from the desired set reception point in the azimuth direction is uniquely determined once the latitude and longitude of the reception point are determined.

Therefore, by first setting the maximum pointing direction of the antenna 21 to due south, and then rotating the antenna 21 in the azimuth direction ζζ by an angle corresponding to the above-mentioned rotation angle in the azimuth direction, the desired azimuth direction can be obtained. Can be set.

This rotation angle relationship is prepared using maps 43 and 44. That is, the map 44 is provided at i positions at the reception point, which are rotated in advance in accordance with the angle at which the map 44 is to be rotated in the above-mentioned azimuth direction with respect to the map 43.

To explain this with reference to FIG. 5, numeral 45 in the figure is a scale line on the base 32 indicating the maximum directivity direction, and this scale line 45 is provided to coincide with the reference line 38' of the scale line display body 35. There is. As mentioned above, the reception point on map 44 is “Tokyo”.
The marks have already been placed at 1 position corresponding to the scale 45 here. The map 44 is placed at a position corresponding to the angle at which the map 43 should be rotated from due south.

Therefore, by performing a simple operation of rotating the antenna 21 so that the "sum product" of the reception point of the reference map 43 matches the pointer of the compass 40, the maximum pointing direction of the antenna 21 can be deviated by a predetermined angle from due south. The antenna is set in the azimuth direction.When setting the azimuth direction, the horizontality of the antenna system is ignored.

Next, while confirming the position in the azimuth direction set in this way, the antenna 21 is rotated in the elevation direction and adjusted so that the bubble 34 moves following the zero degree #J38', and the map 31 and the scale are adjusted. 37 to confirm that a predetermined elevation angle has been reached, and then fix it with the fixing screw 27.

In this case, the elevation angle when looking at the satellite from the reception point is uniquely determined once the reception point is determined, similar to the azimuth angle.

In this way, the maximum pointing direction of the antenna 21 is aligned with the satellite, but even if the azimuth angle and elevation angle deviate from the desired setting angle, the setting error will be reduced by repeating the following steps. Accurate setting can be performed by focusing on the desired setting position.

The antenna device of this invention always maintains the elevation angle display standard and can be set in a direct-reading manner using the scale line map of the earth ceremonial level, so the antenna can be easily and accurately installed without requiring special skill. There are features that can be used.

Furthermore, during installation, there is no need to worry about the horizontality of the base and the verticality of the supports, which are the most difficult and time-consuming steps, so installation can be completed in a short time.

This is because not only can you use the map to align the antenna's maximum pointing direction to the desired direction for both azimuth and elevation angles, but you can also use the map to easily determine the location of the antenna even if you do not know the latitude or longitude of the installation location. It is also possible to improve work efficiency.

Furthermore, since the display map in the elevation angle direction is displayed three-dimensionally, it can be displayed not only in Japan but also all over the world, and has the advantage that setting can be made even easier by including place names, names, etc. on the map.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can be implemented with various modifications without changing the gist.

In the above embodiment, a hemispherical ceremonial spirit level is used, but the spirit level of the present invention is not limited to this, and may be configured, for example, in a semi-elliptical spherical shape. In this case, a specific part of the map formed on a curved surface can be enlarged and expressed, which has the advantage of improving the accuracy of setting.

In the above embodiment, the earth ceremonial level 29 is shown to have a force formed in the middle of the support part 24. This can also be provided on the end of the support part 24 that serves as a pivot point, and in this case, This is a virtuous measure because it simplifies the configuration of the earth ceremonial level 29.

Furthermore, the earth ceremonial level 29 used in the present invention can also have a configuration in which the base 32 is positioned on top, as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals for convenience of understanding.

In the above embodiment, a configuration is adopted in which the digit 1d of the map display body 3o can be changed with respect to the scale line display body 351 in order to cope with changes in the reception point without specifying the reception point, and the base plate 32-F The ring-shaped body 41°42 rotates and the map 4
The relative positions of 3 and 44 have been shown to show what can be changed. However, in this invention, if the reception point can be specified only at one point, the scale a can be directly displayed on the map display 3o.37.
Alternatively, the maps 43 and 44 may be formed on the base 32 without using the ring-shaped bodies 41 and 42.
It can also be formed directly.

Further, in the above embodiment, a bubble is used as an indicator when setting the elevation angle, but the present invention may use a solid object instead.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining satellite broadcasting, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional antenna device used for satellite broadcasting, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. Fourth
The figure is a partially cutaway perspective view of an example of the earth ceremonial level used in the same embodiment, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation when setting the azimuth direction using this level, and Figure 6 FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another example of the earth ceremonial spirit level used in the present invention. 1... Artificial satellite 2... Earth 11... Antenna 12... Base 13... Support mechanism 14... Indicator 15... Azimuth angle display scale 16... Indicator 17. ...Elevation angle display scale 21...Antenna 22...Radiator 23...Reflector 24...Support part) 25...Connection part 26...
- Support 27...Fixing screw 28...Base 29...Earth ritual level 30...Map display 31...Map 32...Base 33...Liquid 34...Bubble 35 ...Graduation line display body 36...Vertex 37...Graduation line for setting elevation angle 38...Radial scale line 39...Window 40...Compass 41.42
...Ring-shaped portion 43,44...Map 45...Graduation line lid 1 Figure 2 Book 3/Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) An antenna with relatively sharp directivity, a support supporting the antenna, a connecting portion that couples the antenna and the support to freely adjust the three-dimensional support angle of the antenna, and the support The earth ceremonial level is equipped with a base on which is deposited, and an earth ceremonial level provided on the support part of the antenna. An antenna device characterized by having a moving indicator, a scale line for setting an elevation angle, a pair of maps for setting an azimuth angle, and a compass. (2) A map for setting the elevation angle is formed on a map display body having a curved surface, and a scale line for setting the elevation angle is formed on a scale line display body having a curved surface provided close to the map display body. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: (3) The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the scale line for setting the elevation angle is formed directly on the map display. (4) The scale line for setting the elevation angle is comprised of a plurality of scale lines forming a central circle centered at the apex and a plurality of radial scale lines passing through the apex. The antenna device according to item 2 or 3. (5) A pair of maps for setting the azimuth angle are mounted on a pair of ring-shaped parts that slide and rotate in respective grooves provided on the base.
An antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each of these is provided. (6) The pair of maps for setting the azimuth angle are formed directly on the base at a predetermined angle, as described in any of claims 1 to 4 A. antenna device. (7) The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the indicator that moves along the map is made of a bubble. (8) The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the indicator that moves along the map is made of a solid material. (9) The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to q, wherein the earth ceremonial level is formed in a hemispherical shape. (II) The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the earth ceremonial spirit level is formed in the shape of a semi-elliptical sphere.