JPS60205848A - Recording and reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain detection for both the initiation and the termination of a tape with the same photodetecting element to two types of long and short time cassettes, by moving a light emitting element and a photodetecting element set opposite to each other centering on the tape in response to the shift of a loading substrate and forming plural optical paths. CONSTITUTION:When a standard cassette 1 is loaded on a VTR43, the light of a light emitting element 46 is received by photodetecting elements 44 and 45 via optical paths 12 and 13 passing through a transparent matter 11''' and a cut 11'' to detect both the initiation and the termination of a tape 4. When a short-time cassette 30 is loaded, posts 47-51, a pinch roller 54 and a guide roller 60 are brought close to the cassette 30. Then a light emission sensor 46 moves into a cavity 39' from a hole 11. In this case, new optical paths 12' and 13' pass through the matter 11''' and the cut 11''. Therefore, both the initiation and the termination of a tape can be detected with same photodetecting elements 44-46 and without using any complicated adaptor cassette when two types of short- and long-time recording cassettes and loaded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a recording/reproducing device in which a tape is wound at a predetermined angle and run around a tape guide drum having a built-in transducer, for example, in a video tape recorder to record or reproduce a signal. It is related to the device.

Conventional configurations and their problems Video tape recorders (hereinafter referred to as VTRs) are becoming more and more popular, but the weight and size of the devices have emerged as issues when it comes to enjoying filming outdoors as portable VTRs. It's coming. Video cameras and electrical circuits are becoming smaller year by year due to smaller components and the extensive adoption of semiconductor components, and will continue to become smaller in the future. On the other hand, the size limit of the VTR mechanism is determined by the size of the tape cassette and the diameter of the tape guide drum.

That is, the size is determined by the design, such as by arranging both on a plane at positions separated by a predetermined pressure, and then pulling out the tape from the tape cassette and winding it around the tape guide drum. Therefore, in order to reduce the size of this mechanism, the VH3 system proposed a short-time recording cassette called rVH8-CJ, and attempted to reduce the size of the mechanism by making the cassette smaller. Furthermore, it has been proposed to reduce the size of the tape guide drum by using a so-called 16-head system, or by using 4 heads, by making the tape guide drum exclusively for recording. In this way, the mechanism is being made smaller by making both the tape guide drum and tape cassette smaller.

Hereinafter, the miniaturization of the mechanism by miniaturizing the conventional tape cassette, which is the background of the tape cassette system which is effective when applied to the recording/reproducing apparatus of the present invention, will be explained.

The VH8-C system cassette 102 (hereinafter referred to as a C-customer) has a reel axis as shown in FIG. The distance between them and the position of the tape are also different.However, in order to make them compatible, the C cassette can be inserted into the adapter cassette 101 whose maximum external dimensions are the same as the standard cassette. The same distance between the reel axes and the same tape stretching position can be obtained.In this way, the C cassette 1o2 can be inserted into a VTR capable of recording and playing back standard cassettes and recording and playback can be performed in the same way. It is impossible to insert the C cassette 102 into a recording/reproducing VTR.The advantage of the adapter cassette system, typified by the VH8-C system, is the miniaturization of the mechanism mentioned above.
The disadvantages that arise from this are listed below.

(2) In order to insert the C cassette 1o2 into a standard cassette VTR, an expensive adapter cassette 101 is required, and the user is forced to purchase this adapter cassette 101 and perform a complicated process of inserting and removing the adapter cassette 101.

(2) The C cassette 102 is inserted into the adapter cassette 101, and the front lid of the C cassette 102 must be opened in the adapter cassette 101 in order to pull out the tape to the same tape tension position as the standard cassette. Therefore, with the lid open, adapter cassette 1
It is not allowed to stand out from 01. This is a C case)
In fact, with the C cassette 102, it is not possible to have a completely sealed structure for the tape.
It also does not have a locking mechanism for the lid.

■ C force stem so) 102 prioritizes tension characteristics, so
Since the position of the supply reel 103 is the same as that of the standard cassette, the take-up reel 104 is constructed by installing a shaft in the C cassette 1o2, and the adapter cassette 101
A method is selected in which the relay gears 10S and 106 are connected and driven. In this method, this gear is 105°10
Due to the influence of the uneven engagement of No. 6, problems such as lateral wobbling and wow and flutter of reproduced images occur in the tape running system, leading to deterioration of performance.

Adapter cassette 1 which is the basis of these problems
There is a system that achieves a compatible small tape cassette (hereinafter referred to as a small cassette) without using o1. It is a 3/4-inch cassette used for broadcasting as shown in Figure 32. In this case, the small cassette 107 has the same distance between the reel axes and the same tape stretching position as the standard cassette 108. However, since the diameter of the reel flange 109 is reduced by reducing the recording time, the width W of the cassette and the length D from the reel axis to the rear surface of the cassette are shortened to reduce the size of the cassette.

Although this method does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks compared to the former adapter cassette method, it does have the following drawbacks.

■ A concave guide groove 110 is formed on the bottom of the cassette as a guide when inserting two cassettes with different external dimensions into a VTR, as shown by the broken line in Figure 32, but this may cause the cassette to be thicker than necessary. Become.

(2) It is necessary to provide a convex projection on the VTR cassette holder corresponding to the guide groove 110. Furthermore, when inserting the small cassette 107 into a standard cassette VTR, since the length D from the cassette's reel axis to the rear surface is short, it is necessary to insert the small cassette 107 more than the standard cassette 108, resulting in poor operability.

■ When trying to take out the reverse VC small cassette 107 from the cassette holder under the above conditions, it is more difficult to take it out than when it is inserted. Therefore, the small cassette 107 is provided with a recess 111 in the center of the rear surface of the cassette, and the cassette can be taken out by hooking the finger thereon.Although it is not easy to operate, the small cassette 107 can be caught by inserting the finger into the cassette holder. There is a natural limit to the size of the small cassette 107! 11.3/
It can be said that this was possible because of the thickness and width of the 4-inch tape width.

■ Since the distance between the reel axes and the tape tensioning position are also the same, there is a limit to the miniaturization of the small cassette 107 compared to the standard cassette, and it does not contribute to miniaturization of the mechanism as much as the VH3-C system.

Two approaches to miniaturizing cassettes have been described above, but both methods have their advantages and disadvantages and should never be satisfied.

On the other hand, in both types, in order to detect the beginning and end of the tape and stop the tape from running, both ends of the tape are locked to the reel in the tape cassette through detection tapes with different light transmittances. are doing. In a 3/4 inch type VTR, a light emitting/receiving element is provided outside the tape cassette in order to form an optical path through the tape after the tape cassette is pulled out from the tape. In this case, it is necessary to insert one of the light receiving and emitting elements into the drawn-out tape loop, which requires a relatively complicated mechanism in which the tape loop escapes during formation and is inserted after formation. There is also a method that simplifies this process by installing the light receiving and emitting elements through the tape and fixing them at an angle with respect to the width direction of the tape. However, in this case as well, it is necessary to place the tape pull-out member outside the moving path in the process of forming the tape loop, so an extremely large arrangement size is required. This imposes significant limitations on devices using tape cassettes for short-term recording. On the other hand, in VH3 type VTRs, as shown in Public Utility Model Publication No. 1988-30889, a sensor hole is provided at the bottom of the tape cassette that communicates optically with the inside, and the sensor hole emits light. By inserting the element and providing a pair of light receiving elements at predetermined positions outside the tape cassette, a pair of optical paths are formed corresponding to the beginning and end of the tape through the tape stretched inside the tape cassette. It is configured.

In this case, only when an adapter cassette for a long-term recording tape cassette and a short-time recording tape cassette (C-cassette) is used, the light receiving and emitting elements, which are the means for detecting the beginning and end of the tape, can function. The cassette is not equipped with a sensor hole, and after the tape is pulled out from the tape cassette, the beginning and end ends are detected through the tape inside and outside the tape loop.
It has the same problems as TR. In particular, when the tape cassette and tape guide drum are placed close to each other in order to achieve ultra-compact C-cassette design, the start and end points are detected outside the tape cassette. During the transition, tape overrun causes the joint between the tape and the detection tape to reach onto the tape guide drum, causing cronging of the video head.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION In view of these conventional drawbacks, the present invention provides a mechanism for
It greatly contributes to miniaturization, and even when two types of tape cassettes, one for long-time recording and one for short-time recording, are installed without using a complicated adapter cassette, the beginning and end of the tape built into both tape cassettes can be easily controlled. It is an object of the present invention to provide a recording/reproducing apparatus that can detect ends using the same light receiving/emitting element and using means for detecting starting and ending ends.

Structure of the Invention The present invention provides a tape start/end detection means configured to form a plurality of optical paths by arranging a light emitting element and a light receiving element to face each other with a tape interposed therebetween, and moving the light emitting element and the light receiving element relative to each other. This is a recording and reproducing device characterized by having the following features.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3, 6, and 6 show a standard cassette capable of long-term recording and playback, which is particularly effective to apply the present invention together with the short-term recording tape cassette described later. The figure is a perspective view seen from the top. When the standard cassette 1 is not in use, the tape 4 is wound around a pair of built-in reels 2.3 (see Figure 2) and stretched across the front of the standard cassette 1. ' (indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 2) are covered by a rotatable front cover 5 and back cover 6, respectively.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the standard cassette 1 shown in FIG. 1, flipped 180 degrees. On the bottom surface 1' of the standard cassette 1, there are posts etc. In order to insert the
It is open within the range covered by (Fig.) and is relatively named a small opening. ) is provided. Then, the standard cassette 1 is opened and closed by the front lid 5. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the back cover 6 is opened. FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing the internal structure of the standard cassette 1, in which the flange 2.3 of the reel 2.3 on which the tape 4 is wound is engaged with the claws formed on the outer periphery of the flanges 2/, s/. The lock 8 prevents the tape 4 from sagging.
Information such as nine types of thickness and length of the tape 4 is expressed by an information window 9 formed on the bottom surface 1' of the standard force center by whether or not the hole is opened or closed. 1o is a positioning hole for positioning the standard cassette 1 in the main unit, and 11 is provided at the beginning and end of the tape 4 to detect a detection tape having a different light transmittance from the tape 4 and to convey information on the beginning and end of the tape. This is a sensor hole into which a light emitting element is inserted. This light-emitting element forms an optical path in the direction of arrows 12 and 13, and a light-receiving element is provided on the opposing surface in correspondence with the light-emitting element.

7 to 9 show the front lid 6. The details of the opening/closing operation of the back cover 6 are shown in cross-sectional views, with FIG. 7 being a cross section taken along the line AA in FIG. 6, and FIGS. 8 and 9 being a cross section taken along B-B in FIG. 6. The front lid 6 is rotatably supported at both front ends of the side surfaces of the standard cassette 1. 5″′ is the support shaft that is the center of rotation of the front cover 5,
5' is an arm that rotatably supports the support shaft 6' of the back cover 6. This back cover 6 has a protrusion 6", and this protrusion 6"
" is engaged with a guide groove 14 formed in the side wall 7' of the opening 7 of the standard cassette 1. The lid mechanism with the above structure is urged by an elastic member to the state shown in FIG. Depending on the will from the outside, the lid opens and closes as shown in Figures 8 and 9.

At this time, the back cover 6 is guided by a guide groove 14 for the purpose of opening and closing smoothly without coming into contact with the tape 4' contained therein.

FIG. 11, which is a schematic sectional view of FIG. 10 and a side view, is a view of the vicinity of the left side surface 6'' of the front cover 5 of FIG. It is a detailed diagram of the structure.

The front cover 61d can be rotated around the support shaft 6'' to the position shown by the two-dot chain line, but a projection piece 16 formed on the inside of the left side surface 5'' of the front cover 6 near the support shaft 5'' The front lid 6 is engaged with one end of the lid locking pawl 17 which can be rotated about 16, and the rotation of the front lid 6 is prevented. When the protrusion (not shown) that is the release member of the lock claw 17 enters, it comes into contact with the release piece 17' of the lid lock claw 17 that is biased clockwise by an elastic member (not shown), and the lid lock claw 17 in the counterclockwise direction. This unlocks the front cover 5 and allows it to be opened and closed freely. The square hole 19 provided on the left side surface 5'' of the front cover 5 is connected to the light emitting element shown in FIG. The optical path 12 is formed when the front lid 5 is open, and when the front lid 6 is closed, the optical path is blocked by the left side surface 6 of the front lid 5. The standard cassette with thermal theory is almost symmetrical, so it has the same functions on the left and right sides, including blocking and opening the optical path.

However, the lid lock mechanism is only on one side.

Figures 12 and 13 are perspective views of the lid opening/closing operation;
In the figure, the release piece 17' of the lid locking claw 17 is moved to a slide plate 20, which is provided on the main unit side and moves relative to the standard cassette 1. The lid is intended to be unlocked by rotating it counterclockwise using the slide pin 21.

Further, FIG. 13 shows that the front cover 5 is opened by the cover opening pin 22 provided on the main unit side. This shows a state in which the back cover 6 is opened.

The operation of the reel lock 8 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 14 to 16. When the standard cassette 1 is not in use, the reel lock 8 slides forward by the lock spring 22, and the lock piece 8' at the tip of the reel lock 8 locks the reels 2, 3.
is engaged with the claws of the flanges 2/ and 3/. The reels 2 and 3 constitute claw portions of the flanges 2' and 3' so that the reels 2 and 3 rotate only in the direction in which the tape 4 is wound up in this state. As shown in Fig. 14, the protrusion 23 is the reel lock 8.
is biased forward by the lock spring 22, and functions as a stopper. Reference numeral 24 denotes a lock guide, and its tip 24' guides the lock piece 8' at the tip of the reel opening yoke 8 to the reels 2, 3 when the reel lock 8 is retracted by the lock spring 22 as shown in FIG.
The flanges 2' and 3' are forcibly separated from each other by the claws. In addition, the left and right side walls of the lock guide 24 are
This is a lock guide that forms a guide for the slide of the reel lock 8. Although not shown, the reel lock 8 is guided by front lock guides 24 on its left and right sides, its lower surface is guided by the bottom surface of the lower half of the standard cassette 1, and its upper surface is guided by the upper half. A cross-sectional view is shown in FIG. 16, and the reel lock release pin 25 is provided in the main unit, and by moving from the position shown by the imaginary line to the position shown by the solid line, the reel lock release pin 25 is
4 to the state shown in FIG. 15, the reels 2 and 3 are released from the reel lock 8 and can freely rotate.

What has been described above is an outline of a standard cassette that is particularly effective to which the present invention is applied. This cassette has a back cover compared to the existing cassettes of the VH8 system, Beta system, etc., and is therefore completely airtight even when the cassette is inconvenient. Without sacrificing the excellence of the standard cassette, which is typified by its complete airtightness, it is possible to miniaturize the mechanism, which cannot be achieved with current standard cassettes, and guarantee compatibility with this standard cassette. By using cassettes, it is possible to detect the start and end ends of the tapes contained in each tape cassette using start and end end detection means comprising the same light receiving and emitting elements.

FIG. 17 is a plan view schematically showing the internal structure of this short-time recording only cassette (hereinafter referred to as short-time cassette), and FIG. 4 is a perspective view from the back side. Compared to the standard cassette 1, the short-time cassette 30 has almost the same external shape. Only the different parts of the configuration will be explained below.

Since the uncut reels 31 and 32 have a short recording time, the diameters of the flanges 31' and 32' can be small. flange 31',
Since they are functionally the same except that the diameter of 32' is smaller, there is a claw portion on the outer periphery that engages with the reel lock 33 (see Figure 21).
It also has The structure and operation of the reel lock 33 are shown in FIGS. 18 to 21.

FIG. 21 shows the cassette not being used for a short period of time, with the glue holder 33 in place, and the flange 31', similar to the standard cassette 1.
A lock pawl 33' is engaged with the pawl portion of 32'. Since the diameters of the reel flanges 31' and 32' are smaller, the reel lock 33. Lock spring 34. Protrusion 36. Although the lock guide 36 has undergone a change in shape and a change in position, the functions of each are exactly the same.

As shown in FIG. 20, the lock claw part 37 ensures that the lock claw 33' is securely attached to the reel flanges 31' and 32' when the reels 31 and 32 are unlocked by the reel lock release bin 3B provided on the device side. It is forcibly bent so as to move away from the object.

Figure 18 is the CC cross section of Figure 21, and Figure 19 is the cross section of the second
A cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 1 is shown. The reel lock 33 has a side surface attached to the lock guide 3e and a top surface attached to the upper half of the cassette.
The lower surface slides back and forth while being guided by the bottom surface of the lower half of the cassette.

Returning to FIG. 17 again, since the diameters of the flanges 31' and 32' of the reels 31 and 32 have become smaller as described above, it is necessary to insert a post or the like inside the tape 4' stretched on the front side to tighten the tape. The opening 39 is significantly enlarged compared to the standard cassette 1 in order to pull out the cassette 4'. The expanded range is called the large opening because it covers the opening 7 (small opening) of the standard cassette 1 shown in FIGS. 2 and 6.

Furthermore, a tape 4 is stretched at a predetermined position in front of the position where the previously described sensor hole 11 (FIGS. 2, 6, 23, and 24) opened at the bottom of the standard cassette 1 is provided. A recess 39' that is continuous with the opening 39 (large opening) and open to the bottom surface is provided at a position substantially perpendicularly rearward and corresponding to .4'. The hatching part of 41 is
Flange 31'.

It may be possible to use the smaller diameter of 32' for the opening 39, but this overlaps with the cassette support area 4o of the standard cassette 1 shown by the dots in Figure 40, so from the viewpoint of ensuring compatibility. It is configured as shown in FIG.

FIG. 22 is a right side perspective view of the front cover 42, and the front cover 42 of the short-time cassette 3o has a structure in which a dot 42' on the right side is cut out compared to the semi-cassette return 1. This is used when it is necessary to detect the standard cassette 1 and the short-time cassette 30, which will be described later. For example, if a switch is placed in a position opposite to this notch 42' in the garage holder of the main unit, the switch will operate if the standard cassette 1 is used, but it will not operate if the short-time cassette 30 is used. If you think about the system, you can use it effectively. In the case of this embodiment, this switch mechanism is not shown, but
This detection is used to switch the mechanism's operation. Details will be described later.

Now, what has been explained above is the short-time cassette 3o, and this tape cassette has all the same specifications as the standard cassette 1, including the functions, configuration, distance between reel axes, tape tension position, and cassette external dimensions. Therefore, in terms of compatibility, it is perfect, but on the other hand, the tape cassette itself is a cassette that cannot be miniaturized at all. However, the purpose of the present invention is not to miniaturize the tape cassette, but to miniaturize the entire mechanism using the tape cassette, and to detect the beginning and end of the tape in a short time when using a tape cassette for long-term recording. This is possible with the same start and end detection means when using a tape cassette, and specific examples thereof are shown in FIGS. 23 to 29.
This will be explained using figures. Note that this embodiment employs a new system that cannot be realized by the conventional concept of miniaturizing the mechanism by miniaturizing the cassette. The system requires a single VTR that uses a standard cassette for long-term recording, and requires exactly the same mechanism size as a standard VTR, but for short-term recording, a short-term cassette is used. By using this, the size of the mechanism can be greatly reduced.

FIG. 23 shows a state in which the standard cassette 1 is set in the VTR 43 when an attempt is made to record for a long time using the standard cassette 1. 44.45 is a light receiving element corresponding to the light emitting element 46 inserted into the sensor hole 11, and 12.13
The cassette side wall forming the optical path of 11 and located inside the tape 4 is
' is a transparent body, and a notch is formed at 11''.4
7, 48, 49.

50.51.52 is a rotating post that forms a tape path;
63 is a fixed post, and 54 is a pinch roller. 66 is a fixed post, 56 and 57 are rotating posts, 68 is an erase head, 69 is a capstan, and 60 is a tape guide drum. With the 1' standard cassette attached to the VTR 43, the loading motor (not shown) is turned on and the post 47 in the opening 7 of the standard cassette 1 is turned on.
~63° The pinch roller 54 is used to hold the stretched tape 4
′ and continue the loading operation until it reaches the specified position. The loading completion state is the state shown in FIG. 24. The tape 4 is wound around a tape guide drum 60 at a predetermined angle, and then wound around a capstan 69. It is held between pinch rollers 64 and can be driven. Now, when the short-time cassette 30 of the present invention is installed in this VTR 43, a state as shown in FIG. 26 is obtained. Since the opening 39 of the short-time cassette 30 includes the opening 7 of the standard cassette 1, the posts 47 to 63 and the pinch roller 64 can be accommodated in a thermally sufficient manner. The optical path connecting the light emitting element 46 and the light receiving element 44, 45 is also the same as that of the standard cassette 1, and the cassette side wall 11' on the optical path is a transparent body and 11'' is a cutout, so that it can pass through. If the same post is loaded to the predetermined position, the mechanism will be exactly the same as in Fig. 24, and there will be no problem between the two.This means that the short-time cassette 30 is compatible with the i-semi cassette 1. It means that they have a sexuality.

In this embodiment, when this short-time cassette 3o is used, a tape path is formed as shown in FIG. 26. The tape path centered around the tape guide drum 60 is no different from that of the standard cassette 1, but each post between the post 47 and the post 51, the capstan, and the tape guide drum are relatively close to the cassette 30 for a short time. , the structure and feeling that the entire tape bus, including the tape guide drum 60, is contained in the opening 39 of the cassette 30 for a short time;
becomes. At this time, the light emitting element 4θ, which was in the center of the cassette before loading, entered the tape guide drum 60 into the opening 39 of the tape cassette, and when the standard tape cassette 1 shown in FIGS. 23 to 24 was loaded. The tape 4' is stretched over the front surface shown in FIG. 25 from a position corresponding to the sensor hole 11, that is, from the position of the light emitting element 46 shown in FIG.

4, it moves almost vertically rearward into a recess 39' opened briefly in the bottom of the cassette 30 following the opening 39, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the optical path is also 12'
, 13', but for a short time the front cover 4 of the cassette 30
The position and shape of the square holes 19 of No. 2 are the same as those of the standard cassette 1, and the new optical paths 12' and 13' also have square holes 1.
9 and light receiving elements 44 and 46 set at the same position with respect to the tape cassette are used. On the optical path of
The side wall 11'' of the opening 39 of the short-time cassette 3o is made transparent so that it can be seen through, and has a cutout similar to the 11' standard cassette 1.As described above, the short-time cassette 30 is used. , tape guided without sheath, ′~′,
5t Muro 0 relatively close to the cassette 30 for a short time VT
Even if the size of the R43 is reduced by downsizing the mechanism, it is possible to construct the R43 without any deterioration in functionality if the standard cassette 1 is used.

Next, complete the tape path shown in Figures 24 to 26.
Examples of the TR mechanism are shown in FIGS. 27-29. The VTR includes a drive board 61 and a loading board 6.
2, and a loading guide 63 which is attached on top of the loading board 62.

The drive board 61 is connected to the reels 2, 3, 31° 32 of the cassette.
a reel stand 64, 66 that engages with and drives the tape 4; an element holder 66, 67 that fixes the light receiving element 44, 45;
a positioning pin 68 that engages with the cassette positioning hole 1o;
69, Cassette support area 40 (30th
cassette support bins 70 and 71 that support the tape cassette, cassette information switches 72 and 73 that detect whether the six holes are open or closed corresponding to the information window 9 of the tape cassette, and the spindle 7.
4. Reel lock lever that can be rotated around the center and equipped with a reel lock release pin 25 that locks the cassette reel at 8°33.
76, an element lever 77 that supports the light emitting element 46 so as to be rotatable about the support shaft 76, and a post arm A80.52 that is attached to one end and is rotatable about the support shaft 78. Each of them has a post arm B81.

The loading board 62 includes a tape guide drum 60, a capstan 59 . Posts 55, 56゜57, erase head 68, boss which is the main tape pulling means) 49
．． ■Stopper 882, post 51 to position 60
．． ■Stopper B83 for positioning the pinch roller boat composed of the pinch rollers 54. A stopper C84 for positioning the post 47 is provided. The pinch roller 64 is rotatable around a shaft 85.

FIG. 29 shows a side view of this VTR mechanism. The loading board 62 is supported by U-shaped board guides 86 and 87 provided on both sides of the drive board 61. It can be slid back and forth along the line.

In a VTR having this configuration, the loading board 62 and the driving board 61 are normally locked in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 27, although not shown.

When standard cassette 1 is installed in this VTR, the loading motor (not shown) operates and post arm A
80, the post arm B81 rotates counterclockwise and nine clockwise around the support shafts 78 and 79, and the post 47 moves along the guide groove 92 of the loading guide board 63. The other bosses) 49, 60° 53, 151 and the pinch roller 54 similarly move along the guide grooves 89, 90, 91. As a result, the tape path shown in FIG. 24 is completed.

Now, when the cassette 30 is installed in this VTR for a short time, this cassette is changed to the standard cassette 1 as shown in FIG.
In contrast, the front cover 42 is provided with a notch,
For example, a microswitch or the like configured to detect this can determine that the loaded cassette is the cassette 3o for a short time.

When this switch (not shown) determines that the cassette is a short-time cassette 30, the loading board 62 and drive board 6 described above are
1 is unlocked and can be slid. Next, when the loading motor starts, the loading board 62 moves to the board guide 8 of the drive board 61 as each post moves as described above.
6.87 toward the drive board side 61. When the loading board 62 is moved to a predetermined position, the loading board 62 is locked again to the drive board 61, and the loading motor is stopped. At this time, each post also reaches and is positioned at each V stopper.

The light emitting element 46 supported by the element lever 77 is normally
Although the positioning is performed by elastic biasing in the state shown in FIG. 7, when the loading board 62 moves, the loading guide 63 attached to the loading board 62
It is pressed by the end 88' of the U groove 88 formed at one end of the holder, and rotates clockwise about the support shaft 76. When the loading is completed, the light emitting element 46 is positioned by the groove 61' formed in a part of the drive board 61. At the same time, the position of the light emitting element 46 relative to the short-time cassette 3o is such that it is housed in the recessed portion described above, as shown in FIG. By the above operations, the mechanism is locked in the positional relationship as shown in FIG. 28, and the tape bus shown in FIG. 26 is completed.

When it is desired to take out the cassette 30, it can be easily taken out by reversing the operations described above to return to the relationship shown in FIG. 25.

Effects of the Invention The tape cassette system which is particularly effective when applied to the present invention includes:
1/2 inch VH8-C method and 3/4 shown in the conventional example
It has the following advantages compared to the inch method. First 1
For /2 inch VH3-C, no adapter cassette is required. This not only puts a financial burden on the user, but also avoids the troublesome operation of attaching and removing the adapter to the adapter. Looking closely at the cassette for a short time, the fact that no adapter is required means that there are no restrictions on adapters in the cassette design, and the fully sealed structure of the tape, front lid locking mechanism, and reel configuration allow for optimal designs such as □, FJ1, etc., which do not require gears. Since the thickness of the cassette is the same, there is no need for an unreasonably thin design. There is a difference in tape tension between the short-time cassette set in the adapter cassette and the standard cassette, which affects image quality. This difference in tension occurs because the position of each guide post in the adapter cassette is different in the angle of winding, but according to the present invention, there is no need to worry about this.

Furthermore, since the pick-up reel is driven via a relay gear in the adapter cassette, it is possible to avoid effects on the tape running system such as lateral wobbling and wow and flutter of the reproduced image.

(2) In VTR design, as shown in this embodiment, both cassettes are compatible with each other.

In the VHS-C system, the cassette dimensions are different for standard cassettes and short-time cassettes, so it is possible to use both with standard cassette VTRs by using an adapter cassette, but only short-time cassettes can be used with short-time VTRs. do not have. However, in the present invention, both types of cassettes can be used in the VTR, and the original purpose of miniaturizing the mechanism can be sufficiently achieved by using the cassette for a short time.

When using the VHS-C system, in order to effectively use the two types of casseno and cassette tape, a dedicated VTR was required for each, which placed a heavy financial burden on the user, but with the present invention, only one VTR can be used. You can get that effect. Furthermore, when the user uses the standard cassette and the short-time power centrifuge of the present invention, the user can use the standard cassette and the short-time power centrifuge without being conscious of the distinction between them.

Next, in contrast to the 3/4-inch method, ■ The 3/4-inch method has the same distance between the reel axes as the standard cassette, but simply reduces the reel flange diameter and the accompanying external dimensions are slightly reduced, and the rest are the same. It's not possible,
It is difficult to achieve significant miniaturization of the cassette itself, and the effect is small because it is a method that simply expects the mechanism to be miniaturized by miniaturizing the cassette itself. However, as mentioned above, this system has a great effect because it allows the mechanism to be housed within the cassette opening, thereby reducing the overall size of the system.

The 9 3/4 inch is compatible without using an adapter cassette, but due to the size difference between the two cassettes, it is not possible to determine the position in the cassette holder based on the cassette's external shape. Therefore, a guide groove is provided on the bottom surface of the cassette, but in this method, since the dimensions of the cassette are exactly the same, there is no need for this, and the entire cassette can be made thinner by eliminating the need for the groove. Further, there is no need for a protrusion corresponding to the guide groove on the cassette holder side. Since the cassette is positioned within the cassette holder based on its outer shape, the positioning accuracy is improved and the cassette can be easily mounted on the VTR body.

■ The 3/4 inch system has a short cassette width and short cassette depth, so when inserting a cassette into the cassette holder of a standard cassette VTR for a short period of time, it must be inserted deep into the cassette holder, resulting in poor operability. Ejecting the cassette is even more difficult than inserting it, so attempts have been made to create a notch in the cassette and hook your finger in to remove it, but it cannot be denied that the operability is poor.

However, in this method, there is no difference between the two cassettes in terms of the necessity of these countermeasures A and the operability.

- In VTR design, as shown in this embodiment, both cassettes are compatible with each other.

Like the VHS-C system, the 3/4-inch system also aims to reduce the size of the cassette, so VTRs for short-time cassettes are
Although only a cassette can be used for a short period of time, this method allows a VTR that can be used for both to be easily and effectively designed, which has significant economic benefits for the user.

The present invention, which is particularly effective by applying the tape cassette system having the above-mentioned effects, basically has the following effects. In other words, even if multiple types of tape cassettes are installed, it is possible to detect the start and end ends of the tapes contained in each one using the same start and end detection means, and the number of electric circuits and light receiving and emitting elements is reduced.

This has great industrial value, such as reducing the number of mechanism component parts. In addition, for example, it will interfere with a dedicated means that enters the tape cassette for short-term recording in the thickness direction, so move the start/end detection means downward in the thickness direction of the tape cassette or tilt it down to avoid interference. However, it requires an extra thickness or horizontal mechanism space. On the other hand, in the present invention, even when using a tape cassette for short-term recording, in which a tape cassette that has been removed is used, there is no need to pull out the tape from the tape cassette and detect the beginning and end of the tape. Tape loading related space can be configured compactly. Furthermore, the beginning and end of the tape can be detected.
In both long- and short-term recording tape cassettes, head closing occurs when the joint between the tape and the detection tape reaches the tape guide drum due to an overrun when the tape stops, which can be detected early inside the tape cassette. Items that can also prevent ragging. Figure 1 is a top perspective view of a standard cassette, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the back of a standard cassette, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a standard cassette, and Figure 4 is a short-time recording tape cassette. Figure 6 is a plan view of the standard cassette, Figure 6 is a side view of the standard cassette, Figures 7 to 9 are illustrations of opening and closing the front cover and back cover, and Figures 10 to 13 are Figures 14 to 16 are diagrams explaining the reel lock operation for standard cassettes. Figure 17 is a plan view of the short-time recording tape cassette. Figures 18 to 21 are short-time recording diagrams. 22 is a perspective view of the front lid of the short-time recording tape cassette; FIG. 23 is a plan view of a standard cassette installed in a VTR according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 24 is a diagram showing the completion of tape loading with a standard cassette, Figure 25
The figure shows a short-time recording tape cassette of the same embodiment as the VT.
Fig. 2e is a plan view of the same VTR installed in the VTR, Fig. 2e is a view of the short-time recording tape cassette, showing the completion of tape loading, Fig. 27 is a front view of the same VTR before loading, Fig. 28 is the same VT.
Figure 29 is a side view of the same VTR, Figure 30 is a back view of the standard cassette, Figure 31 is a plan view of the completed loading of R.
FIG. 32 is a plan view showing a tape cassette in the conventional VH8-C system and a tape cassette in the 3/4 inch system, respectively.

1...Standard cassette (long-term recording tape cassette)), 2.3...Standard cassette reel, 8
...Standard cassette reel lock, 30...
...Short-time cassette (tape cassette for short-time recording)
, 31゜32...Short time cassette reel, 3
3...mark/reel lock, 44.45...light receiving element, 46...light emitting element, 69...capstan, 60...mountain tape guide drum, 61・
...Drive board, 62...Loading board, 86.87...Board guide.

Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6! Figure 7 Figure 9 Figure 10! Fig. 11 Fig. 12 Fig. 13 Fig. 14 Fig. 15 Fig. 17 Fig. 19 Fig. 20 Fig. 22, q Fig. 23 Fig. 24 Fig. 25 Fig. 26 Fig. 27 Fig. 61' Fig. 28 Figure 29 Figure 30 Figure 31 Figure 32

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim] A recording/reproducing apparatus characterized by having tape start/end detecting means configured to form a plurality of optical paths. (2) a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element facing each other with a tape interposed therebetween; a drive board having a means for driving the tape; and a loading board having a tape pull-out means for pulling out the tape from a tape cassette mounted on the drive board; tape start/end detection means configured to form a plurality of optical paths by relatively moving the light emitting element and the light receiving element in accordance with the relative movement between the driving board and the loading board; Features a self-contained recording and playback device. (3) The tape is stretched at a predetermined position and faces the front, and a small opening is opened at the bottom, a pair of dog reels are secured at the beginning and the end of the tape, and the pair of large reels are fixed to a predetermined position. a long-time recording tape cassette having a built-in long-time recording casing part that can be positioned at a predetermined position separated by a distance between the reels; a large opening formed by stretching a tape over the bottom surface and encompassing the open area of the small opening opening on the bottom surface and opening over a large area on the bottom surface;
a pair of small reels that lock the beginning and end ends of the tape and have a flange diameter smaller than the flange diameter of the pair of large reels; A short-time recording tape cassette is configured to be usable, and has a short-time recording casing built in such a manner that it can be positioned at the predetermined position and having substantially the same maximum external dimensions except for the large opening. , and by relatively moving a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element arranged to face each other, an optical path is formed through each tape stretched in the long-time recording tape cassette and the short-time recording tape cassette. What is claimed is: 1. A recording and reproducing apparatus comprising: a tape start/end detecting means configured to detect the beginning and end of a tape;