JPS60201086A - Method and device for compressing gas - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce operation cost by a method wherein Stirling cycle is utilized to compress gas directly by heat energy. CONSTITUTION:The high temperature section 4 and the low temperature section 5 of a displacer cylinder 1 are communicated throgh a gas heater 6, a heat regenerator 7 and a cooler 8. A displacer piston 2 is provided in the displacer cylinder 1. The low temperature sectin 5 of the dispalcer cylinder 1 is connected to a low-pressure gas source 20 and a high-pressure gas source 21, both of them are out of the sytem, through nonreturn valves 23, 25. When the pressure in the low temperature section 5 is reduced lower than same of the low-pressure gas source 20, the gas is sucked from the gas source 20. On the contrary, when the pressure in the low temperature section 5 is increased higher than the same of the high-pressure gas source 21, the gas is discharged into the gas source 21. The gas may be compressed by repeating such motions.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] In general, gas compression is performed by applying mechanical compression force to the gas, whether by moving a piston or rotating a turbo machine, and therefore the compressor is driven by an electric motor. In most cases, the driving energy is electricity. Therefore, if gas can be directly compressed using thermal energy, which is cheaper than electricity, it would have a large economic effect.

The present invention uses the Stirling cycle to
A method and apparatus for compressing gas directly using thermal energy is provided.

Many types of threads that operate on the Stirling cycle have been devised depending on the structure of the component equipment and the tying.
The basic cycle is of course the same.

Its operation can be illustrated by FIG. Figure 1 shows the configuration of a Stirling engine called a displacer type, and 1 in Figure 1 is a displacer cylinder;
2 is the displacer, 3 is the displacer rondo, 4
5 is the high temperature part of the displacer cylinder (hereinafter referred to as the hot end), 5 is the low temperature part of the display sun ring (hereinafter referred to as the cold end), 6 is the gas heater (hereinafter referred to as the heater), and 7 is the heat regenerator (hereinafter referred to as the regenerator). (called a generator)
, 8 is a gas cooler (hereinafter referred to as F cooler), 9 is a power cylinder, 10 is a power piston, 11 is a war piston rod, and 12 to 16 are connecting pipes that communicate between each component. . Further, numeral 17 is an interlocking mechanism that connects the displacer and the power piston so that they operate in an appropriate phase relationship, but the display is simplified. Further, pH and PI represent the pressure of the gas in the hot end 4 and the cold end 5, respectively.

With the above configuration, this thread operates as follows. First, let's say that displacer 2 moves to the left in the diagram.
The hot gas in the pot end is pushed out and transferred into the cold end 5.

During the transfer, heat is absorbed by the gas beam generator 7 and cooler 8, and the temperature drops by 1 degree, so the pressure in the system decreases. Next, when the displacer moves in the opposite direction, that is, to the right, the low-temperature gas in the cold end 5 is transferred to the hot end 4, and on the way, it is given heat from the regenerator 7 and the heater 6, and its temperature rises.
The pressure within the system increases. Therefore, as the displacer moves back and forth in the left-right direction, the pressure within the system repeatedly falls and rises, and this change in pressure acts on the power piston 10.

Power is extracted from the rod 11 in the form of mechanical work.

In this case, if the fluid frictional resistance at one point in the gas flow 1ff of the heater, regenerator, cooler, or each connecting pipe is sufficiently small so that the gas flow can be ignored and the pressure loss can be ignored, the pressure inside the pot end 4 is P1. + and the pressure PL in the cold end 5 are equal. Therefore, moving the displacer occurs due to its movement. All you have to do is add enough driving force to overcome the mechanical frictional resistance.

The ideal situation is when these fluid and mechanical frictional resistances can be ignored for displacement of the displacer.

No energy is required. In terms of density, there is a difference in the pushing force from both sides of the displacer by an amount corresponding to the cross-sectional area of the rod, but the difference is small and can be constructed to cancel it out if necessary.

By modifying the mechanism of the Stirling engine that operates as described above as shown in FIG. 2, gas can be compressed using the Stirling cycle. In FIG. 2, numerals 1 to 15 have the same contents as in FIG. 1, but the nose saw cylinder 9 in FIG. Power piston 10. Rod 11. Connecting pipe 16 and interlocking mechanism 17 are removed. 20 is.

A low-pressure gas reservoir (hereinafter referred to as a low-pressure gas source) outside the Stirling cycle system, which communicates with the cold end 5 of the deplacer cylinder through a connecting pipe 22. Reverse valve mechanism 2 in the forward direction toward the cycle system
3 has been criticized in several cases. 21 is a high pressure gas reservoir outside the system (hereinafter referred to as a low pressure gas source), and like 20, the cold end 5
The high-pressure gas source is connected to the high-pressure gas source from the Stirling cycle system through a connecting pipe 24 . A check valve mechanism 25 is attached. In addition, the gas in the system is a special gas such as helium in the engine, but if the gas in the engine is compressed, the energy required for driving will be +
'As mentioned above, the pressure in the system is zero in the ideal state, but the pressure in the system rises and falls repeatedly, just as in the engine shown in Figure 1. Therefore, in the process in which the pressure in the system becomes lower than the pressure in the low-pressure gas source 20, part of the gas from the low-pressure gas source is sucked into the system, and in the process in which the pressure in the system becomes higher than that in the high-pressure gas source 21, the gas in the system is Part of it.

Vent to high pressure gas source. Therefore, within the system and high.

When the relative pressures of each of the low-pressure gas sources are set appropriately, the gas in the low-pressure gas source can be compressed by the Stirling cycle system and sent to the high-pressure gas source.

Naturally, it is the thermal energy input from the heater 6 that does this compression work.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, both the high and low gas sources are connected to the cold end 6 of the displacer cylinder, but the connection position does not necessarily have to be limited to the cold end G.
It may be done as shown in Figure-1, Figure 3-2, or Figure @3-3. If it is done as shown in Figure 3', the compressed gas passes through the cooler 8 and is discharged, so its humidity can be lowered.

If an exhaust gas cooler 30 is provided as shown in FIG. 3-2, temperature control will be further facilitated. Also, when the gas temperature of the low pressure gas source is higher than the gas temperature in the cold end, the third
The efficiency of suction can be improved by shifting the suction so that it passes through the cooler 8 as shown in Figure 3.

Also, when the temperature of the high-pressure gas source is high and you want to compress the gas while maintaining the high temperature, use Fig. 4-1.

The connections shown in FIG. 4-2 or 4-3 may be used. Furthermore, as illustrated in FIGS. 5-1 and 5-2, when the temperature of the gas is desired to be high (low) before compression and low (high) after compression.

The low pressure gas source may be connected to the hot end 4 (cold end 5) side of the beam cinerator 7, and the high pressure gas source may be connected to the remote cold end (hot end) side of the beam generator. In particular, when gas at low pressure and high temperature is inhaled, compressed, and discharged at high pressure and low temperature, the sensible heat of the compressed gas itself can also be used as part of the compression energy.

Next, this gas compression method is operated thermally based on the Stirling cycle, so the compression ratio can be increased as the gas temperature is higher at the hot end and lower at the cold end, but there are limits to this. Therefore, if it is desired to obtain a compression ratio larger than this limit, a multi-stage configuration as shown in FIG. 6 may be used. Figure 6 shows the case of three-stage compression, where 40 is a low-pressure gas source, 41 and 42 are inter-stage gas reservoirs, and each corresponds to a high-pressure gas source for the yarn in the previous stage and a low-pressure gas source for the system in the subsequent stage. . , 43 is a high pressure gas source. By configuring like this,
The gas from the low-pressure gas source is sequentially compressed through the system at each stage and sent to the high-pressure gas source.

In all of the compression device embodiments described so far, the displacer must be driven from outside the yarn.

Although this type of form is not necessarily impossible.

In some cases, it may be desirable to be able to operate the blade on its own by simply inputting thermal energy. In such a case, the following configuration may be used. That is, the parts related to the power piston that were removed from FIG. 2 onwards are removed again as shown in FIG. 7, and at this time the stroke of the power piston is made smaller.

Changing the phase relationship between the power piston and displacer or with a display sun ring.

By restricting the flow of gas by restricting the communication part with the power cylinder, the system is turned into a Stirling engine, and only the mechanical energy required to continue no-load operation is extracted from the power piston. In this way, part of the thermal energy input from the heater will be converted into mechanical energy and used to operate the 7 device 4 with its own blade, and the rest will be used for the gas compression company. , there is no need to drive it externally.

To implement the Stirling cycle, in addition to the displacer type shown in the 8 or more embodiments, the L type is also used.

There are other types of this type, such as the rhombic type and the free piston type, but since they all have the same collection cycle, the technical content described so far can of course be applied or mutatis mutandis to other types than the displacer type.

By using the method and apparatus for compressing debris as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since thermal energy is directly used to compress gas, energy efficiency is high and operating costs are low.

(2) When compressing low-pressure, high-temperature gas into low-temperature, high-pressure gas, the sensible heat energy of the low-pressure gas itself is also used for compression.

(3) It can be operated using high-temperature waste heat (waste gas) from chemical factories and other sources as a heat source.

(4) By using solar heat as a heat source, solar energy can be stored in the form of compressed gas.

(5) Stirling engines usually use expensive gases such as helium as the internal gas, so a sealing mechanism is a big problem in order to prevent leakage to the outside of the system, but when used as a compression device as in the present invention, Unless compressing special gases such as those that are expensive, harmful, or explosive, a certain degree of leakage is practically inevitable, so the design, manufacture, and operation of the equipment is much easier than with engines. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a displacer type cooling engine, and FIG. 2 and the following are two embodiments of the gas compression method and apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a basic configuration.

Figures 3-1 to 4-3 show the case where the connection positions between the component devices are changed from those in Figure 2, Figure 5 shows the case with a multi-stage compression configuration, and Figure 6 shows the case where the self-blade operation is +iJ FIG.

Special d'1゛Applicant: Toshi Kensuke Fuji 2nd figure

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) When the gas pressure inside the yarn system operating in the Stirling cycle becomes lower than the pressure of the low-pressure gas source outside the system, part of the gas from the low-pressure gas source is sucked into the system. A gas compression method characterized by compressing gas by discharging a part of the gas within the prefecture to a high-pressure gas source in the process in which the pressure becomes higher than the pressure of a high-pressure gas source outside the thread. (2) It is characterized by having a reverse-hi valve mechanism that operates in the forward direction from a low-pressure gas source outside the system toward the inside of the system, and an appropriate valve mechanism that operates in the forward direction from within the system toward the high-pressure gas source. Special δ
1. A gas compression device operating in accordance with the method of refinement range C1).