JPS60200801A - Co converter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a converter and to reduce the cost by incorporating a catalyst for the conversion of CO at a high temp. and a catalyst for the conversion of CO at a low temp. into a single apparatus in series and by combining the apparatus with a heat exchanger for cooling. CONSTITUTION:Gas for conversion contg. gaseous CO, together with stream, is fed into the body of a converter in the direction of an arrow I, and it is converted into gas contg. CO2, H<2> and excess steam as principal components in beds 25 packed with a catalyst for the conversion of CO at a high temp. and beds 25' packed with a catalyst for the conversion of Co at a low temp. The resulting gas is exchausted from the system in the direction of an arrow II. A cooling medium is fed for the an inlet 21 to cool the beds 25', 25, and it is discharged from an outlet 23.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A CO shift converter (usually a CO converter) used in a gas reformer
(also called converter).

FIG. 1 shows the flow of a conventional steam reformer. 1st
In the figure, 1 is a hydrocarbon reformer, 2 is a heat exchanger (cooler), 6 is a high temperature 00 shift equipment, 4 is a cooling heat exchanger,
5 is a low temperature CO converter. The reaction in the steam reformer is expressed by the following formula (11, +21, usually 65
It is carried out in a temperature range of 0 to 850U.

CH4+ H202co + 3H, -' - -
+11co+1(,o=death002+H2...(2
) In the hydrocarbon reformer 1, the reaction expressed by equation (1) is also carried out in the high-temperature Co shift converter 6 and the low-temperature CO
In the metamorphic device 5, a reaction mainly expressed by equation (2) occurs.

methane? In the case of using it as a raw material, the above (2) is shown in Figure 1.
00 conversion (shift) in the COZ production equipment expressed by the formula
The reaction is exothermic and progresses faster at lower temperatures, so cooling is required.

For this reason, in the conventional equipment, high temperature and low temperature CO transformation equipment 6,
Heat exchangers 2 and 4 are provided in front of 5 to perform all cooling.

By separating each device in this way, piping, shutoff valves, control valves, etc. are added, resulting in the overall device becoming complicated.

Conventional CO shift converters are used in steam reformers for chemical plants, but they require the production of a certain amount of hydrogen, such as a distributed fuel cell, and are limited to the degree of COa. In particular, in small-sized plants that place great emphasis on thermal economy, conventional methods are complex and thermally uneconomical, and are also costly.

The present invention provides a CO transformation device that eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional devices described above.

That is, the present invention provides divided filling areas of a high-temperature CO conversion catalyst and a low-temperature CO conversion catalyst in the vertical direction on the shell side of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and a high-temperature 00 conversion catalyst gold-filled shell side A mixed gas supply section consisting of a CO-containing gas and water vapor is connected to a low-temperature CO conversion catalyst. Is there a converted gas outlet on the filled shell side? The present invention relates to a CO converter, further characterized in that the tube VC has a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet for passing the refrigerant in countercurrent flow to the gas flow.

The device of the present invention is characterized by the following points.

(1) Eliminate the intermediate cooling device and have all the cooling functions inside the CO converter.

(2) The high temperature and low temperature side CO conversion devices are included in the same device, and the CO conversion catalyst layer has a cooling function, and the high temperature and low temperature side CO conversion catalysts are packed particles? Continuous through.

The device of the present invention having such characteristics can be applied to a hydrogen production device or a fuel reformer for a fuel cell power generation system.

The apparatus of the present invention will be explained below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 shows an outline of the configuration of the OO transformation device of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, 20 is the 00 converter main body container.

Reference numeral 21 designates a cooling medium introduction pipe header, to which a group of pipes shown at 22 are connected, and the cooling medium is taken out of the system through an upper discharge pipe header 25. Inside the CO converter main body container 20, there is a shelf 24, on which a catalyst 25.
25' is filled. The raw material gas to be metamorphosed is supplied as shown in the arrow (■) and is discharged from the arrow (2) in a hydrogen-enriched state. Catalyst 25.25' has 25 for high temperature and 25 for low temperature on top and bottom.
', and the middle thereof is partitioned, if necessary, with a packing 26 not related to the conversion reaction. Furthermore, if necessary, the cooling tube group can be provided in two stages, one for high temperature and one for low temperature 6'), and in this case, the cooling medium can also be used in two different ways.

Converting gas containing CO gas enters the main body of the device along with water vapor from arrow l, and the cooling medium flows through the header 21 and the catalyst layer 25'.
, 25 is completely cooled, heated and discharged from the upper header 25. Further, when the cooling tube group 22 is arranged in two stages, upper and lower, the lower stage is arranged so as to be kept at a lower temperature than the upper stage. That is, an iron-chromium catalyst is used for the high-temperature CO conversion reaction in the upper stage, and a cooling system is installed at 2.50 to 350°C at the inlet and 400 to 500°C at the outlet. In addition, catalysts such as cu-zn, Ou-8i, and OuO-ZnO-Altos are used for the low-temperature CO conversion reaction in the lower stage, and the temperature is 100 to 150°C at the inlet and 250 to 500°C at the outlet. A cooling system will be installed.

The gas that has completed the conversion reaction has a CO residual concentration of usually 1% or less, becomes a gas whose main components are CO, H2, and excess water vapor, and is discharged from the system via arrow lI. When replacing the CO conversion catalyst, step 9 can be achieved by taking it out using the upper area suction method and refilling it.

In addition to reforming with LNG (methane), the device of the present invention
Modification using LPG (propane) or methanol is also possible.

The present invention brings about the following effects.

(1) The heat generated in the conversion reaction is transferred to the cooling medium,
By effectively using this cooling medium, heat can be recovered, and heat loss in conventional piping can be prevented.

(2) Since the high-temperature and low-temperature CO transformation equipment is incorporated into a single device, and the cooling heat exchangers for each previous stage are combined, piping, valves, etc. can be omitted, resulting in a low-cost device. All can be supplied.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows the flow of a conventional steam reformer. Second
The figure is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a CO metamorphosis device of the present invention. Sub-agents 1) Meifuku agent Ryo Hagiwara - 1st ward

Claims (1)

[Claims] The shell side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger has separate filling areas for high-temperature CO conversion catalysts and low-temperature CO conversion catalysts on the upper and lower sides of the shell side, and the shell side, which is fully filled with high-temperature CO conversion catalysts, contains CO-containing A mixed gas supply section consisting of gas and water vapor is provided, and a converted gas outlet section is provided on the shell side filled with a low-temperature CO conversion catalyst, and a refrigerant is passed through the tube so as to flow countercurrently to the gas flow. Have you provided a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet? Characteristics of CO metamorphosis equipment.