JPS60193453A - Non-operative region protector - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a non-surgical region protection device for a laser scalpel that prevents erroneous irradiation of a non-surgical region with a surgical laser beam.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, laser scalpels have been widely used for medical purposes to perform bloodless surgery on tumors such as cancer and whole solid organs such as the liver by incising living tissue while stopping bleeding through thermal coagulation using the powerful thermal action of laser light. . This laser scalpel uses a combination of a reflector and a light guide tube or an optical fiber to guide the laser light emitted by the laser oscillation unit to the handpiece at the hand of the surgeon such as a doctor, and irradiates the laser light onto the surgical site. This device performs treatment using handpieces, but operation of the handpiece is left to the operator's own judgment. For this reason, in the event of an accident, there was a risk that the high-energy surgical laser "Optical Power S1" could be irradiated onto non-surgical areas such as the surrounding areas and the hands of medical personnel and surgeons.

In order to prevent all such risks, a non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel was previously proposed as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1. In FIG. 10° and 11 are the wavelengths λ, respectively.
1. Measurement laser beam Ll of λ2.

Each measurement laser oscillation unit capable of generating I4,
19.20 are the respective wavelengths λ1. The measurement laser beams Ll and L2k having λ2 are aligned with the optical axes of the surgical laser beams irradiated from the surgical laser oscillation unit l, and are applied to the target region of the object 12 via the handpiece 2. This is a beam splitter for irradiation.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a light receiving section, and the light receiving section 13 is constructed by disposing an optical fiber around the hand piece 2, as shown in FIG. In addition, as shown in Fig. 2, the laser beam L for surgery,
L2 is each measurement laser beam L+.

The beam of the surgical laser beam L3 is configured to completely surround the beam of the surgical laser beam L3. 14 is a spectroscopic unit that spectrally spectra the reflected light of each measurement laser beam received by the light receiving unit 13, L2;
15 is each wavelength λ1 separated by the spectrometer 14
．． Each measurement laser beam having λ2 is applied to the object 12 by the detection signal from the detection unit 15, and the detection unit 16 measures the intensity of the reflected light of L2.
17 is a control section that controls laser irradiation based on the result of the judgment section 16; and 18 is a warning display section controlled by the control section 17.

Next, the operation of the conventional non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel shown in Fig. 1 will be described. Each of the measurement laser beams Ll and L2 is a surgical laser beam, and is turned on.

It is always irradiated even when it is OFF, and also serves as a guide light for the surgical laser beam L3. Now, when performing surgery with a laser scalpel, the intensity of reflected light of the laser beam from the affected area, etc. that is the target of surgery, that is, the reflection spectrum, is generally determined by, for example, A (beef) and B (chicken fillet) shown in Figure 3. .

As seen in C (pork liver), it has a high reflectance at wavelengths of about 600 nm or more. In areas other than the surgical site,
For example, if we use a green mask with the spectrum indicated by D in Figure &3, each of the five wavelengths will be on the right.

Each measurement H with λ2] laser light, , the reflectance R of L2 (
λ+,), R(λ2)I′i,, at the surgical site R(λl
)〈R(λ2〕, in the non-surgical site R(λI,) >
R(λ2). Therefore, the measurement laser beams each having a wavelength of λ18λ2, , L, are received by the total light receiving unit 13, and the spectroscopic unit 14 receives each of the wavelengths λ1. The wavelengths λ1, . Detect the reflected light intensity for λ2 and generate the two signals? By comparison, it is determined whether the tip of the hand piece 2 is facing the direction of the surgical site (resultant force). When it is determined that the tip of the hand piece 2 is pointing in the direction of the surgical site, the control section 17i1 stops the irradiation sound of the surgical laser beam L3, and the notification section 18 displays this fact.

Since the conventional non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel is configured as described above, expensive equipment such as the spectroscopic section 14 is not required, and adjustment of the optical axis of the laser beam after the light receiving section 13 is complicated. Furthermore, there is a drawback that the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal in the detection section 15 deteriorates due to the influence of external light and the like, resulting in unstable operation.

[Summary of the invention]

This invention was developed with the aim of improving the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional methods, and it modulates a plurality of measurement laser beams at different frequencies and irradiates them together with surgical laser beams onto the target part of the object. , all non-surgical areas are identified by the output obtained by converting the reflected light of each measuring laser beam from this target area into an all-electric signal, and the irradiation of the surgical laser beam to this non-surgical area is prevented. The present invention provides a system for identifying all non-surgical areas, which eliminates the need for expensive equipment such as spectrometers and spectroscopy units, and which can be constructed at low cost.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel, which is an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a surgical laser oscillation unit, 2 is a handpiece, and 10
．． 11 are respective wavelengths λ1. λ2 measurement laser light,
, each measurement laser oscillation unit capable of generating L2, 21.22 each measurement laser beam, , L2*
source choppers modulating at frequencies f, , f, respectively,
Light modulation unit such as acousto-optic device, electro-optic device, etc., 19.20
are wavelengths λ0. and λ0. generated in each measurement laser oscillation unit 10° and 11, respectively. Each measurement laser beam with λ2, Lq
, Lt t, surgical laser light.

The object 12 is aligned with the optical axis of the object 12 through the entire handpiece 2.
This is a beam splitter for irradiating the target area.

13 is a light receiving section, 23 is a photodetector that converts the reflected light of each measuring laser beam Ll and L2 received by the light receiving section 13 into an all-electric signal, and 24 and 25 are the frequencies of the electrical signals from the photodetector 23, respectively. A bandpass filter 16 extracts the components of f, , f2, a determination unit 16 determines whether the target area of the object 12 is a surgical site based on the output of each bandpass filter 24, 25, and 17 a determination unit This is a control unit that controls laser oscillation based on the results of step 16 and operates the warning display unit 18.

Next, the operation of the non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel, which is an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, will be described. First, when the handpiece 2 is directed toward the object 12, each measurement laser beam Ll, L2 is irradiated onto the target part of the object 12, and each measurement laser beam Ll, L2 from the target part of the object 12 is irradiated with the measurement laser beam Ll, L2. The reflected light is received by the light receiving section 13.

After the light received by the light receiving section 13 is converted into an electric signal by the reflection source gold photodetector 23, a bandpass filter 24 extracts the component of frequency f, and a bandpass filter 25 extracts all the components of frequency f2. The light received by the light receiving section 13 is
The external light and each measurement laser beam, L2, are superimposed. The external light mainly has a DC (direct current) component, the measurement laser beam L1 has a frequency f1 component, and the measurement laser beam I4 has a frequency f2 component, so the output of the bandpass filter 24 is approximately The intensity of the reflected light of the measuring laser beam L2 and the output of the bandpass filter 25 are respectively indicated by the intensity of the reflected light of the measuring laser beam L2. The determination unit 16 determines the wavelengths λ1 . By estimating the total reflectance from the target site of the target object 12 for the light of λ2 and comparing the two signals, it is determined whether the tip of the handpiece 2 is facing the direction of the surgical site. When it is determined that the tip of handpiece 2 is not facing the surgical site,
The control section 17 stops the irradiation of the surgical laser beam, and displays a warning display section 18 to that effect.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are block diagrams showing non-surgical site protection devices for laser scalpels, which are other embodiments of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
k respectively have a structure equipped with means capable of internal modulation for modulating at frequencies f, , f2. Also, w,
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, each measurement laser oscillation unit io, i
i, green and red LEDs (light emitting diodes) 26.
It has a configuration using 27. And in this case,
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, each LE is attached to the handpiece 2.
D26.

27 can be mounted in various configurations.

Note that in the above embodiment, the valley bandpass filter 24.2
Although we have explained the case where 5.5 times of frequency are used, a lock-in amplifier may be used instead. In this case, even if components of each frequency f, , f2 exist in the external light, their influence can be completely removed. there is a possibility.

If such a lock-in amplifier is used, it is also possible to identify each measurement laser beam, L2', by the difference in phase, with each frequency f+, f2 k fI = 12.

It is Noh.

Further, in the above embodiment, a case where the present invention is used for a laser scalpel has been described, but it can also be applied to other laser treatment devices, laser processing machines, etc., and the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in a non-surgical site protection device, the present invention modulates a plurality of laser beams at different frequencies and irradiates them together with a surgical laser beam onto a target site of an object, thereby removing radiation from the target site. The reflected light of each measurement laser beam is converted into electrical No. 15, and the output obtained is used to identify all non-surgical areas, and the structure is configured to prevent irradiation of surgical laser beams to these non-surgical areas. Since the expensive equipment such as the spectroscopic unit in the conventional example was made uncomfortable, it was possible to identify non-surgical areas only by appropriate signal processing. It has excellent effects such as eliminating the need for Pl adjustment and reducing the influence of external light.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of essential parts of the non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel shown in FIG. , and characteristic diagrams showing the spectra of various objects, FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel, which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6 respectively show this diagram. 7 is a block diagram showing a non-surgical site protection device for a laser scalpel according to another embodiment of the invention; FIG.
8 are sectional views showing various configurations of essential parts of the non-surgical site protection device for the laser scalpel shown in FIG. 6, respectively. In the figure, 1... Laser oscillation unit for surgery, 2... Handpiece, 10.11... Laser oscillation unit for measurement, 1
2... Target object, 13... Light receiving section, 14... Spectroscopic section, 15... Detecting section, 16... Judgment section, 17... Control section, 18... Warning display section, 19.20...Beam splitter, 21°22...Light modulator, 23...Photodetector, 24.25...Band pass filter, 26.
27...LED (light emitting diode). In each figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts. Agent Masuo Oiwa Figure 2 Figure 7 Figure 8

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of measurement laser oscillation units that have different wavelengths and are modulated at different frequencies, and a surgical laser oscillation unit,
an optical means for irradiating measurement laser beams from each of the measurement laser oscillation units onto a target part of the object to be irradiated with the surgical laser beam from the surgical laser oscillation unit; A light receiving section that receives all of the light, a photodetector that converts the received light into a photoacoustic electrical signal, and a plurality of outputs with custom-made frequencies corresponding to each of the measurement laser oscillation sections. a determining unit that determines whether the area is a surgical site or a non-surgical site; a control unit that prevents irradiation of the surgical laser beam to the non-surgical site based on the determination of the determining unit; Non-surgical site protection device. (2) The non-surgical site protection device according to claim 1, wherein the valley measurement laser oscillation unit includes means capable of internal modulation. (3) The non-surgical site protection device according to claim 1, wherein a light emitting diode is used in each of the measurement laser oscillation units.