JPS60184561A - Composite material composed of plastic and glass - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a composite material having excellent processability, impact resistance, a light weight, etc. inherent to plastic as well as excellent optical characteristics, durability, etc. inherent to glass, by combining a plastic with specified glass bead. CONSTITUTION:The titled material is obtd. by combining a plastic (e.g. vinyl, acrylic polyester, or melamine resin) with glass bead (e.g. photochromic glass or special glass which absorbs or transmit light in a partial or the whole region of wavelength region of electromagnetic wave) having a refractive index substantially equal to that of the plastic. The molding prepd. therefrom can prevent light transmittance from being lowered, though irregular reflection is caused at the interface between the plastic and the glass. The molding has characteristics inherent to the plastic as well as characteristics inherent to the glass, has no fear of causing deterioration in the thermoforming stage and gives inexpensively moldings having a high performance and good processability.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to composite materials consisting of plastic and glass.

The composite material according to the present invention absorbs or transmits electromagnetic waves such as ultraviolet rays, visible rays, infrared rays, and X-rays in all or part of the wavelength range depending on the purpose, or produces molded products having so-called photochromic properties. It is a material used for eyeglasses such as goggles, optical machines, building materials for windows, vehicle window materials, industrial filters, etc.

PRIOR ART Conventionally, in order to make plastics selectively absorb or transmit electromagnetic waves of desired wavelengths or to have photochromic properties, specific additives made of organic compounds have been added to plastics according to the purpose. However, in this case, this type of additive is made of an organic compound with a complex structure, so it is not only expensive, but also easily deteriorates depending on the composition of the plastic and processing temperature, which limits the types of plastics that can be used. I was jealous.

Furthermore, plastics manufactured by adding additives for the above purposes are inferior in electromagnetic wave absorption or transparency, photochromic properties, etc., compared to glass for the same purpose, and are also inferior in weather resistance, heat resistance, Performance deterioration progresses quickly in terms of moisture resistance, etc. As a result, the use of this plastic has been limited to products with relatively short product lifespans, such as goggles.

On the other hand, special glass, which has been known for the above purpose, has excellent optical performance and durability, but compared to plastic, it has low impact strength and a large li). However, there were drawbacks such as poor workability and the formation of dew condensation. .

Purpose of the Invention The purpose of this invention is to solve all of the above-mentioned problems.The invention is made of a combination of plastic and specific glass beads, and improves the workability and impact resistance of plastic. The present invention provides a new composite material that combines excellent properties such as lightness with the optical performance and durability of glass.

Structure of the Invention The composite material according to the invention comprises a plastic and a glass having a refractive index substantially equal to the refractive index of the plastic.
It is a composite of beads.

In the composite material according to the present invention, the plastics include vinyl resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, and cellulose resin.

Polyester resin, silicone resin, sudirol resin, olefin resin, fluorine resin, melamine resin,
Permeable resins such as polyamide resin, allyl resin, polysulfone resin, and allyl diglycol carbonate resin are appropriately selected and used.

The glass in this invention is a special glass (hereinafter simply referred to as special glass) that absorbs or transmits electromagnetic waves in all or part of the wavelength range depending on the purpose, or is a photochromic glass. Also, the glass beads preferably have a smooth surface and have a particle size of 1
It is a spherical object with a diameter of 00μ or less. In the case of such a spherical object,
In the manufactured molded product, it is possible to prevent air from remaining at the interface between the glass beads and the plastic and causing diffused reflection.

In order to match the refractive index of glass to that of plastic, a refractive index modifier such as TPb 01Tf 02 is added to the basic composition of the special glass or photochromic glass.
, [3a o, 8203, etc. are added in the required proportions, and glass is produced by a conventional method. In this way, the refractive index of the glass is matched to the refractive index of the plastic, preferably to two decimal places, so that in the manufactured molded product,
It is possible to prevent the transmittance from decreasing due to diffuse reflection occurring at the interface between the glass piece and the plastic.

The composite ratio of plastic and glass beads is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 50% glass beads to composite material in true volume ratio.

The molding process of the composite material according to the present invention can be carried out without any problem by conventional processing methods such as extrusion, calendering, pressing, injection molding, and casting.

Embodiments and Effects Next, embodiments and effects of the present invention will be specifically explained.

Example 1 The glass components shown in Table 1 were blended in the weight proportions shown in the table, and a glass was obtained according to a conventional method. The refractive index of this glass is 1.58
Met. This glass was crushed, and the powdered material was then heat-treated and sieved to obtain spherical materials with a smooth surface and a particle size of 100 μm or less.

This glass sphere was coated with a polycarbonate resin having a refractive index of 1.586 (manufactured by Mitsuryu Kasei Co., Ltd., trade name -1225), as shown in Table 2.
They were mixed at various ratios (true volume ratios) as shown in Figure 1 to obtain five types of mixtures.

These mixtures were extruded to form plate-shaped composite material test pieces having the thicknesses shown in Table 2.

The electromagnetic wave absorption rate, that is, the blocking rate, and the impact resistance (JISK67
18 4.9 impact resistance test).

For comparison, the same blocking rate was also measured for glass before pulverization. These measurement results are summarized in Table 2.

(The following is a blank space) Table 1 Table 2 As is clear from Table 2, these test pieces block ultraviolet rays well and are suitably used, for example, in goggles, industrial filters, and the like.

Example 2 S! 02700, CaO6g, Na2016(+, K2
O2(+, Al2O32(+, B203 4Q, Fe
20a 2.4Q was blended and a glass was obtained according to a conventional method. The refractive index of this glass was 1.49. This glass was crushed, and the powdered material was then heat-treated and sieved to obtain spherical materials with a smooth surface and a particle size of 100 μm or less.

This glass spherical object is made of methacrylic resin with a refractive index of 1.49 (
(manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: SUMIPEX) at a true volume ratio of former:latter = 3 to obtain a mixture.

Using this mixture, a plate-shaped composite material test piece with a thickness of 2.5 mm was formed by extrusion molding, and the electromagnetic wave absorption rate, that is, the blocking rate, and impact resistance of this test piece were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. However, the ultraviolet blocking rate was -99% or more, the visible light blocking rate was -63%, the infrared blocking rate was -89%, and the impact resistance was -3 Qcm. Therefore, this composite material is suitable as a material for goggles and the like.

Example 3 P2O370.7g, B20a 8.0(], A12o
310. Og', MIIIO4゜og, 2110 1.
0 (+, 20 10.00, Fe12.5 ()) was blended to obtain a glass according to a conventional method. The refractive index of this glass was 1.48.

This glass was crushed, and the powdered material was then heat-treated and sieved to obtain spherical materials with a smooth surface and a particle size of 100 μm or less.

This glass spherical object is made of vinegar M cellulose resin with a refractive index of 1.48 (
The true volume ratio of the former (manufactured by Daicel Corporation, product name: Aceti H):
The latter was mixed in the ratio of 3=7 to obtain a mixture.

This mixture was extruded to a thickness of 3°4n+m.
A plate-shaped composite material test piece was molded, and the electromagnetic wave absorption rate, that is, the blocking rate, and impact resistance of this test piece were measured as in Examples 1 and 1iiJ.The ultraviolet blocking rate was -94%,
The visible light blocking rate was -20%, the infrared blocking rate was -95%, and the impact resistance was 150 cm. This composite material is therefore suitable as a material for heat-absorbing products.

Example 4 P20s 70.4 (1, K20 11., 6 (].

A/2039. OQ, 82034Q.

4 g of MQo and 1 U of As were blended to obtain a glass according to a conventional method. The refractive index of this glass was 1.53. This glass was crushed, and the powdered material was then heat-treated and sieved to obtain spherical materials with a smooth surface and a particle size of 100 μm or less.

This glass sphere is made of vinyl chloride resin with a refractive index of 1.53.
Street (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., product name Smilit>Sx 8c
100PI-IR, tin stabilizer 5PHR, amide lubricant 1, 5 PljR and acrylic reinforcing agent 10.0
PHR and UV absorber 0. The mixture was mixed with a formulation consisting of IPHR in a true volume ratio of 2:8 (former:latter).

Using this mixture, a plate-shaped composite material test piece with a thickness of 3.5 mm was formed by extrusion molding, and the electromagnetic wave absorption rate, that is, the blocking rate, and impact resistance of this test piece were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. However, the UV blocking rate is -89%, the visible light blocking rate is -15%, the infrared blocking rate is -79%, and the impact resistance is -
It was 110cm. Regarding glass before crushing,
The UV blocking rate was 10%, the visible light blocking rate was -11%, and the infrared blocking rate was -98%. This composite material is therefore suitable as a material for heat-absorbing products.

Example 5 Si 02 58.8(1, Na2O4,7(1, Al
2O39,81j, B20.1 20.6a, Li2
O4,3! J, ACICl 0.5<1, Nacz 1
．． 5 g, cuo o, and olbg were blended, and a glass was obtained according to a conventional method. The refractive index of this glass was 1.49. This glass was crushed, and the powdered material was then heat-treated and sieved to obtain spherical materials with a smooth surface and a particle size of 100 μm or less.

This glass spherical material was mixed with allyl diglycol carbonate (manufactured by PPG Industries, USA, product name: 0R).
-39) 100 (true volume ratio to l: former: latter = 2:8
and 3 g of benzoyl peroxide as a polymerization catalyst.
Add and polymerize Nanatsuma to a thickness of 3. Qlllll
The refractive index of this test piece is 1 to form a plate-like test piece of 1.
．． 49).

When this test piece was irradiated with sunlight for 5 minutes, the test piece became colored. Next, when this colored piece was left in a dark room for 60 minutes, the color disappeared. This composite material therefore has photochromic properties. Further, when the impact resistance of this test piece was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, the value was 4Qcm.

In addition to the effects of the invention, the composite material according to the present invention is a composite of plastic and beads made of glass having a refractive index substantially equal to the refractive index of the plastic. It is possible to prevent a decrease in transmittance due to diffuse reflection at the interface between glass beads and plastic, and as a result, the excellent properties of plastic, such as processability, impact resistance, and lightness, and the optical properties of glass can be prevented. It has excellent characteristics such as physical performance and durability, and there is no risk of deterioration even during the heat forming process, and compared to glass,
Not only is it easy to perform secondary processing such as cutting, bending, punching, and gluing, but it also has impact strength of about 2.5 to 10 times or more, and can produce molded products that are about half the weight.

In this way, according to the present invention, it is possible to supply a molded product with high performance and good workability at a low cost compared to plastics and glass for the same purpose as explained at the beginning, and this molded product can be used for glasses such as goggles, Optical machinery, building materials for windows, vehicle window materials,
It can be used in a wide range of industrial filters, etc.

Patent applicant: Tsutsunaka Plastic Industry Co., Ltd. Ne1 and 4 others Procedural amendment dated April 7th, 1982 Director-General of the Patent Office Kazu Wakasugi, Mr. Husband 2 Title of invention: Composite material made of plastic and glass 3, amendment Relationship with the case involving a person who does 57-6, Unadani Nishinomachi Inapabil 6Vjli5 Date of amendment order Showa year Month 6
, Number of inventions to be increased by amendment Contents of the amendment (1) On page 5 of the specification, line 2, "Tojiteha" is corrected to "As for the synthetic resin that is the main constituent of."

(2) On page 6, lines 6-8, "Blends - glass" was changed to "pb'o, TiO2, Bad, which become refractive index modifiers in the product.

Corrected to ``Glass containing B2O3 etc. by ordinary method''.

(3) Delete the 3rd line “Formation processing” on page 7.

(4) On page 7, line 6, ``gyonawa'' is corrected to ``obira.''

(5) Lines 6 to 5 from the bottom of page 7, "Ingredients - Therefore," [Blend the glass raw materials so that the composition has the weight ratio shown in the same table, and further add Fe2O3 as an additive for absorbing electromagnetic waves to the glass composition. Add 2.44 parts by weight to the total amount of 100 parts by weight, and correct it to ``electromagnetic wave absorption'' according to the usual method.

(6) Table 1 on page 9 ” Correct.

(7) Same page 10, lines 6-9 “Si-therefore” is changed to “Glass composition ratio is 5i02’70, CaO6, NazO15,
So that it becomes K2O2, AJ203 2, B2O34,
Blending glass raw materials and adding Fe as an additive for electromagnetic wave absorption
2O3 to 2.4 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total glass composition
Add part I by weight and correct it to ``electromagnetic wave absorption'' according to the usual method.

(8) Lines 7 to 4 from the bottom of page 11, “P2 ~ Therefore” [Glass composition ratio is P2O570.7, B2O38.0, Al
2O310,0,MgO4,Q,ZnO1,Q,ni,2
010.0, FeO2.5, and correct it to "electromagnetic wave absorption" according to the usual method.

(9) Change “P2~ Therefore” from line 2 from the bottom of page 12 to line x of page 13 to “The glass composition ratio is P2O570.4, K2O11.
, 6, A4203 9. Q, B2O34, MgO4, A
Blend the glass raw materials so that it meets s2031, and correct it to "electromagnetic wave absorption" according to the usual method.

uO) Lines 8 to 4 from the bottom of page 14, “Si-therefore” is changed to “Glass composition ratio is 5i02 58.8, Na2O4,7, A
I! 2o3 9.8, B2O320.6, Li204.
3.AgCj? 0.5, NfLC! ! 1.5, CuOO
, 015, and corrected to "photochromic" according to a conventional method.

(11) On page 15, line 6, ``plate-shaped'' is corrected to ``plate-shaped composite material.''

that's all

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A composite material made of plastic and glass, which is a composite material of plastic and glass beads having a refractive index substantially equal to the refractive index of the plastic. (2) The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the glass absorbs or transmits electromagnetic waves in all or part of the wavelength range depending on the purpose. (3) The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the glass is photochromic glass. material.