JPS60180468A - Position controlling axial air gap type coreless brushless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To rotate a magnet rotor from low to high speeds by disposing a stator armature planely opposed to a pole for driving the rotor, and disposing a position designating pole detector suitable for the pole for designating the position. CONSTITUTION:A magnet rotor 14 has drive poles 14A and position designating poles 14B alternately having N- and S-poles. A stator armature 17 having two or more air core armature coil group planely opposed to the poles 14A is disposed. A drive position detector 24 detects the N- or S-poles of the drive poles 14A. Two position designating pole detectors 25-1, 25-2 are provided oppositely to the poles 14B. The detectors 25-1, 25-2 are displaced at 90 deg. of electric angle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an axial gap type coreless brushless Tanabata for position control with excellent responsiveness.

Recently, with a simple missing configuration, at multiple locations per rotation of 8-even,
E-vehicles with position control that can stop the rotor are now in demand.

Traditionally, pulse motors have been used as this type of motor, but for various reasons a direct current motor has come to be required.However, position control cannot be performed using a conventional direct current motor. C. It is necessary to use an expensive encoder, etc., resulting in an expensive and large size.
was there.

Furthermore, since the lifespan of direct current (DC) brushes is short, they are not suitable for devices that are frequently used.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can rotate from low to high speeds, is coreless, has good responsiveness, has a large starting torque, has good efficiency, has little mechanical vibration, has a long life, and has a simple configuration. The purpose of this invention is to provide an inexpensive and compact coreless glassless e-tube with the same axial gap for position control.

The object of the present invention is to provide a magnet rotor having N and S magnetic poles for position designation alternately.

A stator armature consisting of a group of two or more air-core armature coils disposed to face the driving magnetic poles, and a driving position detection element for detecting the N and S magnetic poles of the driving magnetic poles. This is achieved by detecting two position specifying magnetic poles provided opposite to the above position specifying magnetic pole.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to one drawing.

First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 shows the Bojin Yon II of the coil double-sided arrangement type according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the axially same-gap type coreless glaciless e-tater for I, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the main parts of FIG. 1.

1 is a coreless brushless motor with a single axial gap for position control with coils arranged on both sides, and 2 is a casing made of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum or cylindrical material, which is hollow inside. There is. Reference numeral 6 denotes a rotating shaft, which is rotatably supported approximately at the center of the casing 2 by bearings 4 and 5. Reference numerals 6 and 7 denote annular stator yokes fixedly attached to the upper and lower inner surfaces of the casing 2, respectively, and the stator yokes 6 and 7 house the housing portions 8 and 9 of the electrical components 10 for the energization control circuit on the upper and lower sides of the main body 2. is forming. Reference numerals 11 and 12 denote annular printed circuit boards fixed to the upper surface of the stator yoke 6 and the lower surface of the stator yoke 7, respectively, and the electrical components 10 for the energization control circuit are disposed on each of the printed circuit boards 11 and 12.

13C1 is a rotor plate made of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum fixed to the rotating shaft 3, 14 is a magnet rotor fixed to the lower surface of the rotor plate 13, and has a circular ring shape with this magnet 14A. ing. On the outer periphery of the driving magnetic pole 14A, there are two magnetic poles having N and S magnetic poles with a magnetic pole width of 180 degrees.
A magnetic pole 14B for specifying the pole position is formed. The position specifying magnetic pole 14B may be magnetized and formed integrally with the driving magnetic pole 14A.

In this embodiment, the driving magnetic pole 14 is made of ferrite.
A magnetized strip-shaped rubber magnet (or a plastic magnet may also be used) is wound and fixed around the outer circumference of A to create a position specifying magnetic pole 1.
4B to form the magnet rotor 14.

Furthermore, there is a position designating magnetic pole 14B on the outer periphery of the driving magnet tM14A.
A magnetic pole 14 for specifying the position of a weak magnetic flux is formed.
When B is affected by the driving magnet tt14A with a strong magnetic flux, a magnetic ring is installed around the outer periphery of the driving magnetic pole 14A.

It is preferable to form a position specifying magnetic pole 14B on the outer periphery of the magnetic ring. Reference numerals 15 and 16 are annular printed circuit boards each having six air-core armature coils 17 arranged at equal intervals on its inner surface. Printed circuit boards 15.16 on which armature coils 17 groups are disposed are each fixed to the inner surface of the stator yoke 6.7, thereby forming a stator armature that faces the driving magnetic pole 14A. The reason why six armature coils 17 are arranged on each printed circuit board 15 and 16 is to form a three-phase branless e-coil with a large starting torque. In the armature coil 17, the opening angle of the conductor portion 17a in the radial direction, which contributes to the generated torque, is the driving magnetic pole 14.
Width equal to the magnetic pole width of A.

In other words, it is formed into a fan frame shape with an opening angle of 45 degrees. 18. . . , 23 are printed circuit boards 11 .
These are through holes formed in the stator yoke 6, the printed circuit board 15, 16, the stator yoke 7, and the printed circuit board 12.

The terminals of the armature coil 17 group arranged on the printed circuit board 15 are connected to the printed circuit board 1 through through holes 20° 19 and 18.
It is soldered to a printed power distribution pattern (not shown) of No. 1.

Six armature coils 17 arranged on a printed circuit board 16
By detecting the N or S pole of the driving magnetic pole 14A at the position of the printed circuit board 16 in the hollow part of the frame of the three armature coils 17 at the back of the group, which of the armature coils 17 is connected to the armature coil 17 group. A drive position detection element 24 is provided to detect whether a current is being applied in the direction. The driving position detection element 24 includes a Hall element, a Hall IC, and a magnetic resistance (MF2).
Magnetoelectric conversion elements such as elements have been used for a long time. The terminals of the drive position detection element 24 are connected to a printed power distribution pattern (not shown) formed on the printed circuit board 16 by soldering. The electric wires (not shown) connected to the printed power distribution pattern by soldering and the terminals of the armature coil 17 group arranged on the printed circuit board 16 are connected to the terminals of the armature coil 17 group arranged on the printed circuit board 16 through through holes 21, 22, and 26 through holes (not shown) formed on the printed circuit board 12. The power distribution pattern f is connected by soldering. 1. The terminals of the electrical component 10 for the trl electric control circuit are as follows:
It is connected by soldering to a printed power distribution pattern (not shown) formed on the printed circuit board 11, 12. Further, the output of the position detection cable 24 is connected to a printed power distribution pattern (not shown) of the upper printed circuit board 11 by wiring (not shown) so as to be outputted to the armature coil 17 group of the J: stage. The stator armature consisting of 17 groups of armature coils in the lower stage directly faces the driving magnetic pole 14A, while the stator armature consisting of 17 groups of armature coils in the upper stage directly faces the rotor plate 16. There is. Even in this case, since the rotor plate 16 is made of a non-magnetic material, the driving magnetic pole 14A
The magnetic flux passes through the rotor plate 13 and reaches the upper armature coil 17.
It also acts on groups. Therefore, in order to obtain a large torque, even if the brushless motor 1 is of a type in which coils are arranged on both sides, only one driving magnetic pole 14A is required, so that the brushless motor 1 can be manufactured at a low cost. Moreover, the magnet rotor 14 is
Since it is integrated with the rotating shaft 3 via the rotor plate 16,
Since it is easy to dynamically balance the magnet rotor 14, it is suitable for mass production, and the magnet rotor 14 is not likely to be damaged, so the axial gap type coreless brushless e-type 1 for position control can be expected to have a long life. In addition, the armature coils 17 groups can be arranged without overlapping the coil double-sided arrangement type glassless e-type 1 and 2, in which the armature coils 17 groups are distributed and arranged in the upper and lower stages.

The magnetic gap can be narrowed, a strong magnetic flux can be obtained, and as a result, a large rotational torque can be obtained and an efficient brushless motor can be obtained. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to arrange the upper and lower armature coils 17 in an overlapping manner, one assembly is easy and the glassless e-tube 1 can be formed at low cost. 25-1.25-2
is the N pole of the position specifying magnetic pole 14B, in order to detect the magnetic pole of 5ffl.

A position specifying magnetic pole detection element is disposed on the inner surface of the casing 2 facing the position specifying magnetic pole 14B. As the position designating magnetic pole detection element 25-1, 25-2, a magnetoelectric transducer such as a Hall element, a Hall IC, or a magnetoresistive (MR) element is used.

The two position designating magnetic pole detection elements 25-1 and 25-2 are arranged at positions that are out of phase with each other by 90 electrical degrees.

The axial gap type coreless brushless brushless brushless for position control as the first embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, so that two position specifying magnetic pole detection elements 25-
The output waveform diagram of 1.25-2 is as shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an output waveform diagram of the magnetic pole detection element 25-1, 25-2 for position designation in position control.

FIG. 3 (al is a waveform diagram of the A-phase position output signal obtained by the position designating magnetic pole detection element 25-1, FIG. 3 (bl is the B-phase position output signal waveform obtained by the position designation magnetic pole detection element 25-2) It is a diagram.

As described above, the position specifying magnetic pole detecting elements 25-1 and 25-2 are arranged with a phase difference of 90 electrical degrees in the circumferential direction. 2
Output waveform 26-1.2.6- obtained by 5-2
2 are out of phase by 90 degrees in electrical angle. This is because the position specifying magnetic pole detection element 25-1 detects two dead points (the boundary between the N pole and the S pole of the position specifying magnetic pole 14B) per rotation of the magnet rotor 14.

It is possible to obtain a signal of 271.27-3 to zero at two locations with an interval of 180 degrees. Similarly, the position designating magnetic pole detection element 25-2 can also provide zero points 27-2 and 27-4 at two locations per rotation of the magnet rotor 14. Here, the magnetic pole detection element 25 for specifying the 0 and 1 positions
-1 and 25-2! Since the phase is shifted by 90 degrees, the signals of za27-6 and 27-4 can be obtained at positions shifted by 90 degrees from the zero points 27-1 and 27-3.

In other words, the magnet rotor 14 (position designating magnetic pole 1
4B), the position designating magnetic pole detection elements 25-1 and 25-2 detect the position control stop position designation zero α27-1 at four equally spaced locations. ..., 2
7-4 is obtained.

Therefore, the above zeroζ27-1. . . . If the energization of the armature coil group of the e-van drive circuit that borrows this energization control circuit is controlled using a suitable energization control circuit based on the signal of 27-4, the above-mentioned result can be obtained. 4 zero points 27 1 '*・
..., 27-4, the magnet rotor 14 can be stopped at any arbitrary position. Also, the specified zero point 27-1.・
..., 27-4 position can be selected to sequentially stop the e-1 or rotate it forward or backward.

The above will be explained in more detail using FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the 4-position stop control circuit 29.
FIGS. 5(a) to 5(d) are output waveform diagrams of the A phase, B phase, A/phase, and Bt phase for 4-position stop control, respectively.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, 1 is an axial rotation gap type coreless glassless e-type for 4-position control, and 26-i
J (see Figure 5 (a)), 26-2 (see Figure 5 (b))
are the position designating magnets for brushless bee 1, respectively.
4B and the A-phase and B-phase position output signal waveforms for 4-position stop control formed by the position designating magnetic pole detection elements 25-1 and 25-2. Zero point 27-1.27 of the rising waveform of A-phase and B-phase position output signal waveforms 26-1゜26-2
The Graciles e-Y1 is made to stop at the -2 position. The brushless motor 1 is adjusted so that the brushless motor 1 stops even at the zero point 27-3, 27-4 position shown in FIG.
7-1.27-. It is necessary to be able to form a zero point even at a position that is 180 degrees out of phase with 2 in terms of electrical angle. The position output circuit 28 outputs an A-phase position output signal waveform 26-1. shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b). The B-phase position output signal waveform 26-2 is inverted by 180 degrees to obtain the A'-phase position output signal waveform 2 shown in FIG.
This circuit generates the B' phase position output signal waveform 26-4 shown in FIG. 6-6 and fdl in FIG. In this way, the A' phase position output signal waveform 26-3, the B' phase position output signal waveform 26-4,
Create the zero point 27-3.2 of the falling waveform of this waveform.
By making [-Y1] stop even at the 7-4 position.

E-Y1 - Four stops were obtained per revolution. When the power (not shown) of the 4-position stop control circuit 29 is turned on, the position detection circuit 281C causes the phase A, phase B, as shown in FIG.
phase.

Four types of output signals of A' phase 13/phase are obtained, and these signals are used as input signals of the analog switch 60.

61 is a position selection switch, and when an arbitrary stop position is selected by the position selection switch 61,
The logic circuit 32 outputs the output signal of the analog switch 60 via the gate circuit 66 .

A (skin B phase g A' phase B/phase is determined, and the determined output signal is amplified by the control signal amplifier 64 and inputted to the appropriate drive position detection element 24. When the output of the appropriate drive position detection element 24 is supplied to the drive circuit 65, the drive circuit 65 supplies a current in an appropriate direction to the appropriate armature coil 17 within the brushless motor 1 overnight. A rotational torque in an appropriate direction is generated, and the Graciles e-1 rotates, and when it rotates to a specified position (towards zero 27-1... or 27-4), it stops at that position. 66 is a timer. When an arbitrary stop position is selected by the position selection switch 61 in the circuit, the output signal from the logic circuit 62 is output to the gate circuit 6.
6 to timer circuits 36 and 67. In this example, the timer circuit 66 is a circuit for, when an arbitrary stop position is selected by the position selection switch 61, energization of the glassless e-type 1 is cut off one second after the selection. The timer circuit 66 is
If the motor 1 stops at any position within 1 second after selecting the position selection switch 61, no output is output from the gate circuit 63 to the analog switch 60 so that the brushless motor 1 is not energized. do. After selecting the position M selection switch 61 due to overload etc., the brushless e-
If e-1 does not stop within 1 second at any selected position, the amplifier 69 outputs a current value signal from the current detection resistor 68 which outputs a different current value signal due to overload of e-1. The timer circuit 6 is operated by a signal amplified by the gate circuit 40 and input to the timer circuit 67 via the gate circuit 40 and a signal from the gate circuit 66.
7 is designed to cut off the power to the groundless e-1 . . . 5 seconds after the position selection switch 61 selects the caution position, so that no output signal is output from the gate circuit 66. That is, if the brushless beater 1 stops at an arbitrary position within the time specified by the timer circuit 361, the current to the brushless beater 1 is cut off, but even after one second has elapsed, the brushless beater 1 stops at an arbitrary position. −
If the brushless Tanabata 1 does not stop at the desired position, the allowable range is 5 seconds from the beginning (in addition, if the brushless Tanabata 1 does not stop at the desired position within 5 seconds, The 4-position generator stop control circuit 29 of the Glassins e-1 itself does not meet its performance.

or is malfunctioning, so these are not applicable), and after the 5 seconds have elapsed, it is determined that the Gracilless e-Y1 has stopped securely at the desired position,
The timer circuit 67 turns off the power to the armature coil 17 of the glassless e-type 1 after 5 seconds have elapsed, thereby preventing unnecessary consumption of power. The gate circuit 40 is activated when the timer circuit 36 is activated, or when the timer circuit 66 stops the brushless electronic device at any position within the 1 second mentioned above.

The timer circuit 37 is not activated.

As described above, the brushless motor can move and stop at any desired position extremely quickly per revolution. In particular, the 4-position FF1 (J's axially same-gap type coreless Glaciless e-1) that can move and stop at any position extremely quickly is a coreless type DC 6-tor, which is different from the conventional iron core. Type coreless type (e-type) has better response compared to e-type, and conventional pulse e-type e-type e-type has poor response, cannot rotate at high speed, is inefficient, and can be freely changed from low to high speed. However, the device of the present invention has the drawback of causing a step-out phenomenon when rotated at high speed, and also has the drawback of large mechanical vibration.

Since it is a coreless DC e-channel, it is indispensable.

6 and 7 show a coreless brushless brushless for position control with a single-sided coil arrangement according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and explanations of parts common to the first embodiment will be omitted. .

This coil single-sided arrangement type position control axially same gap type coreless Zuranless e-1 is available, and the above-mentioned Gracilless e-
Unlike No. 1, the printed circuit board 11°, the printed circuit board 15 on which the stator yoke 6 and the armature coil 17 group are arranged are omitted. Therefore, the rotor plate 16
Instead, a rotor plate 13' made of a magnetic material is used. In addition, the surface of the stator yoke 7 is coated with an insulating seal.
A printed circuit board on which armature coils 17 groups are directly arranged, and on the upper surface of the armature coils 17 groups, a driving position detection element 24 is arranged on the lower surface at a position facing the hollow part in the frame of the armature coils 17. 16 is fixed to the upper surface of a stator electric wiper consisting of a group of armature coils 17 to protect the stator armature.

In the above embodiment, an 8-pole driving magnetic heron was used, but a 2p (p) having N and S magnetic poles alternately was used.
is a positive integer of 2 or more), and six armature coils are used on one side, and a three-phase glassless e
It goes without saying that the number of phases is not limited to 2 or 4, and may be used as a 2-phase glassless e-type, or any other suitable number of phases may be used.

In addition, although one drive position detection element is used for each phase, it is not limited to this, and depending on the configuration of one circuit, it goes without saying that further elements may be omitted. Although a two-pole type is adopted as the magnetic pole to enable stopping in four positions, the position specifying magnetic pole may be multi-pole magnetized with 2n (n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2 excluding 1) h. However, when multipole magnetized in this way, the brushless e-
It goes without saying that the brushless motor will stop even when the brushless motors are in phase with each other during one revolution. Therefore, the example described above would be desirable.

As is clear from the above, the axially same-gap coreless brushless brushless brushless for position control of the present invention has a simple configuration and can be used as a coreless type DC tanabata, so it can be used from low speed to high speed. Rotation can be controlled at any speed, responsiveness is good, starting torque is large and efficiency is good, and since it is not a pulse e-wave, there is little mechanical vibration, it has a long life, and can be easily and inexpensively mass-produced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a position control axial gap type coreless planless device with coils arranged on both sides, showing the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the main ff1E in FIG. 1; Fig. 3 is an output waveform diagram of the magnetic pole detection element for position designation, Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the 4-position stop control circuit, and Figs. 5 (a) to (d) each show the A phase for 4-position control.
B phase, A' phase B/phase output waveform diagram, FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an axial gap type coreless planless e-tube for position control with coil single-sided arrangement δ type showing the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the main parts of FIG. 6. 1...1 axial gap type coreless planless e-tater for position control with coils arranged on both sides...Coil 6...
Rotating shaft, 4, 5... Transfer bearing, 6.7... Stator yoke, 8, 9... Storage part, 10... Electrical components for energization control circuit, 11.12... Printed circuit board. 1,! 1.13'...Rotor plate, 14...Magnetic rotor, 14A...Magnetic pole for driving, 14B...Magnetic pole for position specification, 15.16...Printed circuit board, 17
. . . Armature coil, 17a . . . A dedicated portion in the radial direction that contributes to the generated torque, 18. ..., 23... through hole,
24... Drive position detection element, 25-1.25-2
...Magnetic pole detection element for position specification, 26-1.26-2
...Output waveform, 27-1. ..., 27-4... Zero ton, 28... Position output circuit, 29... 4-position stop control circuit, 3 [1... Analog switch. 61...Position selection switch, 62...Logic circuit, 66...Gate circuit, 64...Control signal amplifier, 35...Drive circuit, 156.37...Timer circuit, 68. °・Current detection resistor, 69...
Amplifier, 40...gate circuit. Patent Applicant Type B Painting and Tokai Rika Denki, Manufacturing Representative Takao Otoiwa Figure 1 Figure 3 Evening 6 Figure 70 Z+

Claims (1)

[Scope of claims] is a positive integer of 1 or more) A magnetic rotor having a magnetic pole for specifying the position of the pole, and a group of two or more air-core armature coils disposed face-to-face with the driving magnetic pole. N of the stator armature and the driving magnetic pole. It has a drive position detection element for detecting the magnetic pole of S, and two position designation magnetic pole detection elements provided opposite to the position designation magnetic pole, and the two position designation magnetic pole detection elements are provided. An axial gap type coreless brushless e-tater for position control, characterized in that elements are arranged with a phase shift of 90 electrical degrees from each other.