JPS6017771B2 - Processing method of Jiaogulan - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a method for processing Jiaogulan.

Jiaogulan is a perennial vine that is commonly found in mountains and fields, under forests and in the shade of bushes, and is widely distributed throughout Japan. In China, the plant's name is ``Shingo Ai'' and the herbal medicine name is ``Qihao Gall'', and it is said to be effective for anti-inflammatory detoxification, antitussive lacquer, and chronic bronchitis, and clinical trials for chronic bronchitis have shown an efficacy rate of nearly 80%. . The leaves are also used as a diuretic and tonic. Furthermore, in recent years, the presence of saponin components whose chemical structure matches those of saponins (ginsenosides), which are considered to be medicinal components of Korean ginseng, has been confirmed in Japan in the whole Jiaogulan plant, and this has attracted attention.
In this invention, ``Gynostemma'' refers to the scientific name of Gynostemma bentaphyllum Makino (Ghada ost).
emmapentaphyllmmMakino) and plants botanically related to this.

Related plants include Gynostemma fulmanicum King
mmabu dish anlcum Kingex Chakrav
arkyo), Ginostemma Laxum Kogun (G skin os
temmalaxmmCoYanagi. ) Ginostemma integrifuorioracogun (Gyuosni mmalntegr
ifoliolaCogai. ), etc. These may be either natural products or cultivated products. The inventors of this invention focused on the above-mentioned medicinal ingredients contained in Jiaogulan, and from the viewpoint of using it in foods and drinks for the purpose of maintaining health, the inventors created Jiaogulan, which has a high content of medicinal ingredients, is light in color, and is easily soluble in water. This invention was arrived at after intensive research into the production of Jiaogulan processed products that are low in cost and have a wide range of applications in food and drink products.

According to this invention, raw leaves and/or stems of Jiaogulan are crushed, the crushed material is then squeezed to separate the raw juice into a sieve, and the raw juice is further centrifuged to remove fine particles and clarified. The raw juice liquid of Jiaogulan is then subjected to vacuum concentration treatment, freeze-vacuum drying treatment, or spray drying treatment, or a combination of vacuum concentration treatment and freeze-vacuum drying treatment or spray drying treatment to obtain a powder product of Jiaogulan raw juice liquid. A method for processing Jiaogulan is provided.

The processing method of this invention will be explained below.

First, a raw sap is made from fresh leaves and/or stems of Jiaogulan. At this time, if possible, the leaves and stems are first cut into small pieces, washed with water and briefly drained, and then crushed with a chopper or the like to increase the yield of raw juice. Then, the crushed material is compressed using a conventional compressor or the like to separate it into raw juice and pulp. If desired, 2 to 1 volume of water is added to the lees and a raw juice solution is obtained by the same operation. In order to remove fine particles, the raw juice obtained is centrifuged for 5 minutes or more at 5,000 x # or more in a centrifuge, or filtered using a furnace material with a pore diameter of 2 French or less. This makes it possible to obtain a light brown, clear raw juice liquid that does not contain chloroplasts or the like. This raw juice liquid is concentrated to 60 qo or less using a vacuum concentrator, dried at a drying temperature of 5,500 qo or less using a freeze vacuum dryer, or instantaneously dried at an inlet temperature of 110 to 170 q0 using a mist dryer, or A powder product can be obtained by drying the concentrated raw juice liquid that is first treated with a vacuum concentrator using a freeze-vacuum dryer or a spray dryer. Characteristics of the processing method according to the present invention include the following.

That is, in general, the method for extracting the active ingredients of a plant is to carry out a drying process, an extraction process, a sieve separation process, and a concentration/drying process from the original plant. However, Jiaogulan has a high water content and is a climbing plant, making it bulky and difficult to dry. However, the processing method of the present invention eliminates the need for a drying step. Furthermore, the extraction process with water, alcohol, etc. is omitted. Therefore, the process is simplified, leading to a reduction in manufacturing costs, and furthermore, it has the advantage that component modification due to air oxidation or the like during the drying process can be minimized. A crusher used in the process of this invention,
Commonly used drying equipment such as a press furnace, a centrifugal separator, a vacuum concentrator, a freeze-vacuum dryer, and a kori-giri dryer are all used.

Note that it is desirable to process Jiaogulan as soon as possible after harvesting.

The processed product thus obtained contains approximately 10% or more of crude saponin, and has little decomposition of water-soluble vitamins during processing, and is highly effective for Jiaogulan, which has a uniquely high ash content, especially potassium and lucium. It is a powder in which the ingredients are concentrated as they are.

Overall properties: 1. It is a pale brown powder with a bitter taste, and sometimes has a strong sweet taste as well as bitterness, and is easily soluble in water, including methanol, diluted methanol, ethanol, benzene, hexane, chloroform, acetone, ether, etc. It is partially resistant to organic solvents.

2 A 1% aqueous solution is neutral.

3 Infrared absorption spectrum max (KBr) arc-1:
337 29301590, 1430, 1370, 1
270, 10704 Ultraviolet absorption spectrum ^ evening; 2
2-track 5 This product generates persistent small bubbles when dissolved in water and shaken.

6 Liberman reaction and Zarkowski reaction are positive.

7 Panaxadiol is detected from the water-insoluble portion of the acid hydrolyzate.

8 Thin layer chromatography When the n-butanol soluble portion of this product is subjected to thin layer chromatography under the following conditions, a reddish-purple spot as shown in Figure 1 appears.

Plate: Kieselgel hexavalent 254 (manufactured by Merck) Developing solvent: Chloroform-methanol-water (65:35:
10) Lower layer development distance: 10 Detection: 1% ceric sulfate-10% sulfuric acid, 10905
When the divided product is orally administered to mice, 10,000 females/k
The LD5o value cannot be determined even when the drug is administered intraperitoneally to mice, and the LD value when administered intraperitoneally to mice is 3350 females/k9, and the toxicity is extremely low.

By adding 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of the processed powder product obtained in the above process and having the above properties to 99.99 to 97 parts by weight of the food material, various foods and drinks aimed at maintaining and promoting health can be obtained. .

The food material may be solid, semi-solid or liquid.

Japanese sweets such as candies, rice crackers, and yokan (yokan); Western sweets such as gum, cookies, biscuits, and chocolate; noodles such as udon and soba; bread; soft drinks; ingredients for various foods such as drinks, seafood paste products, and seasonings. These materials include various basic materials, sweeteners, acidulants, acidulants, coloring agents, flavoring agents, preservatives, preservatives, etc., each of which is required for the product. The invention will be explained with examples.Manufacturing Example 1 The root part was removed from a natural Jiaogulan (from Mt. Takao, Okaya City, Nagano Prefecture), and the remaining 8k9 was cut into about 5 skins, washed with water, drained, and placed in a small tabletop chopper. Grind it finely.

Next, the crushed material was placed in a squeeze bag, and the pulp was separated using a squeezing device with an internal volume of 30 x 45 x 11 pieces to obtain 7.72 g of raw juice. This raw juice liquid was divided into several batches using a centrifugal separator with a processing capacity of 1,200 pieces/time, and each powder was processed at a centrifugal acceleration of 15,000 x 1500 x 1500 x 1500 x 1500 x 1500 x 2000 x 2000 x 1500 x 1500 x 2000 x 1500 x 1500 x 1500 x 1. A raw juice liquid was obtained, and this raw juice liquid was dried in a freeze-vacuum dryer at a heating temperature of 30 qo to obtain a light brown powder processed product A.
273.5 minutes (product weight: 3.41%) was obtained. The component analysis values of the product obtained as described above were as follows.

* Moisture: 6.5% Protein: 20.3% Crude fat:
0.1% Crude ash: 29.8% Soluble nitrogen-free: 43.
3% In addition, the amount of crude saponin was 9.53%.

The quantitative determination was carried out by the following method. Test (processed powder product) was weighed accurately for one night, 50% methanol was added, and a reflux condenser was attached.
After extraction by heating on a water bath for 1 hour, filter the mixture in an oven, and repeat this operation again.

Next, the entire healing solution was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure, and 50' of water-saturated n-butanol was added to the residue.
After heating and extraction for a period of time, it is filtered in an oven and extracted again under the same conditions.The entire extract is transferred to a separatory funnel, 10 ml of water is added, and after shaking, it is left overnight. Next, the mixture is separated into a butanol layer and an aqueous layer, and the aqueous layer is backwashed with 10 parts of water-saturated n-butanol, combined with the butanol layer, and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure. Next, add 50% ether to the residue.
The mixture was heated and degreased on a water bath for 30 minutes using a reflux condenser, and then the residue was dried at 105q0 for 3 hours, and after cooling, the weight was weighed. 10○ Amount of crude saponin (%) = amount of clouds ≦ Tsutomu X. .

. -Sample moisture content (%) X・〇. Production Example 2 The same shredded product as in Production Example 1, 4×9, was crushed in the same manner as in Production Example 1, and then squeezed to obtain 2.68 g of raw juice. Liquid feed amount is 7.5~ with mold roller mist dryer
Dry at 13 min/min, inlet temperature 120°C, outlet temperature 70qo, powder processed product B79.2 min (product yield 1.98%)
) was obtained.

Production Example 3 40M of natural Jiaogulan (from Kawagishi, Okaya City, Nagano Prefecture) was crushed in the same manner as in Production Example 1, and then squeezed to separate the raw juice and pulp, and an additional 200ml of water was added to the pulp, and the mixture was roasted. , squeeze again and combine the squeezed juice with the fresh juice to obtain 450 skin.

This raw juice liquid was centrifuged under the same conditions as in Production Example 1, and then subjected to freeze-vacuum drying to obtain a processed powder product of 14.9 (product yield: 3.72%). The crude saponin content of this processed product is 2
It was 7.12%. Food Addition Test (Food Addition Example 1) The powdered processed products A and B of the present invention were added to 30 parts by weight of all-purpose wheat flour, 1 part by weight of salt, and 13 parts by weight of water. 1.5 parts by weight of either was added, and udon noodles were produced by a conventional method, and 13 experienced panelists tasted the noodles to obtain the results shown in Table 1.

Addition of processed powder product A or B of the present invention was also found to be effective when added to noodles, such as softening the odor peculiar to wheat flour. Table 1 (Food Addition Example 2) After reading the addition to chocolate, powder processed product A according to the present invention was added to 15 parts by weight of commercially available chocolate (block).
Add 0.75 parts by weight of either B and dissolve at 80 to 90 degrees on a water bath.
Seven people (including four women) were given the poison sample and the results shown in Table 2 were obtained.

It has been found that the addition of powder processed product A or B of the present invention enhances the bitterness inherent in chocolate, which is preferable. Table 2 (Food Addition Example 3) 0.05 parts by weight of either powder processed product A or B of the present invention was added and dissolved to 10 parts by volume of each of commercially available soft drinks and beer, and sampled by 13 experienced panelists. The reviews shown in Table 3 were obtained.

It has been found that even when the processed powder product A or B of the present invention is added to a ready-made beverage, it does not impair the drinkability or drinking sensation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are a thin chromatogram and an infrared absorption spectrogram, respectively, of a processed Jiaogulan powder product according to the present invention. Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Finely chop the raw leaves and/or stems of Gypsophila,
The crushed material is then squeezed to separate it into raw juice and sieve, and the raw juice is further centrifuged to remove fine particles to obtain a clear raw juice, which is then concentrated under reduced pressure, freeze-dried, spray-dried, or reduced under reduced pressure. A method for processing Jiaogulan, which comprises obtaining a powdered product of raw juice of Jiaogulan using a combination of concentration treatment and freeze-vacuum drying treatment or spray drying treatment.